New worlds and new churches: The Orthodox Church(es) and the European Union

The Orthodox church(es) share a common commitment to the unity of dogma and spirituality. There is, however, no doctrinal formulation that comes close to a form of political theology at a pan-Orthodox level. This means that the Orthodox churches’ attitude towards the European Union (EU) is driven by their ecclesial diversity and by complex inter-ecclesial relations. More fundamentally they share a fragmented and plural, theological objection to the very ideas of Europe and the West. This has been further complicated by the emergence of a substantial Orthodox diaspora from Eastern Europe, Russia, and the Middle East living across the breadth of the European continent. Consequently the ecclesial identity and self-perception of the autocephalous Orthodox churches is changing. These churches are becoming increasingly transnational and extra-territorial. With this, their perception of Europe and the West, as seen through the eyes of their diaspora communities, is altering from “threat” to “home” (Makrides and Uffelmann, 2003). The growing diaspora will not only impact the Christian demographics of Europe but will also transform the Eastern Churches’ view of Europe and the EU (Leustean, 2009; 2011; 2013; 2014a; 2014b)

Open finance and consumer protection: uneasy bedfellows

This article examines Open Finance and the risks that it poses for consumer protection. To exist, Open Finance needs enabling legislation. EU policy, as well as actual and proposed legislation, point to empowering consumers and give them control over their data. The traditional role of data in financial services markets is examined, as well as the transformative role of new data technologies to deliver new market structures. Drawing from the experience of Open Banking, the GDPR and the proposal for a Data Act this article questions to what extent the EU legal instruments are capable of delivering the goal, and consumers are factually empowered, remain in control of their data and are protected against the main risks of data-driven finance and the digital domain, where vulnerability is likely to be the norm. It shows how other jurisdictions such as the United Kingdom engage in a different approach to suggest a paradigm shift in the EU regulatory approach

Divine Darkness, Legal Darkness: Apophasis, Cataphasis and The Making of Legal Cultures of the First Millennium

The article explores the long lost synthesis between apophatic and cataphatic theological strategies and early legal systematizations which shaped the Christian, Jewish and Islamic legal collections in the twelfth century. It argues that the theological possibilities to achieve Divine knowledge have reached out to all normative forms of human existence including law. It focuses specifically on a Christian context where imagining the law involves complex scales of cataphasis and apophasis and parallels other normative forms such as ritual and ascetic practices. The text only hints that parallel trends appear via very different routes but in a very similar ways in the Jewish and the Islamic legal projects and proposes that a comparative interreligious study of the twelfth century legal collections and their hermeneutic strategies is long overdue and critically important

Religious Networks, their Impact on SDGS (SDG17), and the Challenges for the International Legal Order

Think20 (T20) Policy Briefs are available at: https://www.t20saudiarabia.org.sa/en/briefs/Pages/default.aspxThere is an urgent need to better recognize and integrate the significant involvement of faith-based actors in development initiatives through effective policy-driven responses. These responses require novel and inventive engagement strategies, and the development of a coordinated effort. Faith-based networks should be steered toward a more systemic and comprehensive commitment to sustainable development, in the context of the Group of 20 (G20) priorities. This will make this engagement more relevant to G20 processes and translate across and convey more effectively the G20 governments’ commitments. It will also gather greater support for their implementation and address the present challenges in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic. This is particularly relevant to the pursuit of innovative responses to the challenges of the pandemic and the need for wider grassroots networks to support policy implementation. This is both a challenge and an opportunity for the G20 process to benefit from and develop an evidence-based understanding of the impact of religion on policy further and interact more effectively with emerging faith-based policy-oriented networks. It also provides new ways to engage with both the challenges and opportunities presented by the emerging geopolitical roles of religious actors

Human Rights and the Pink Tide in Latin America : Which Rights Matter?

Latin America witnessed the election of ‘new Left’ governments in the early 21 st century that, in different ways, sought to open a debate about alternatives to paradigms of neoliberal development. What has this meant for the way that human rights are understood and for patterns of human rights compliance? Using qualitative and quantitative evidence, this article discusses how human rights are imagined and the compliance records of new Left governments through the lens of the three ‘generations’ of human rights — political and civil, social and economic, and cultural and environmental rights. The authors draw in particular on evidence from Andean countries and the Southern Cone. While basic civil and individual liberties are still far from guaranteed, especially in the Andean region, new Left countries show better overall performances in relation to socio-economic rights compared to the past and to other Latin American countries. All new Left governments also demonstrate an increasing interest in ‘third generation’ (cultural and environmental) rights, though this is especially marked in the Andean Left. The authors discuss the tensions around interpretations and categories of human rights, reflect on the stagnation of first generation rights and note the difficulties associated with translating second and third generation rights into policy

Οἰκονο&ία and Custom in the Canonical Commentaries of Theodore Balsamon

Οἰκονομία in Orthodox Canon Law shares a family of meanings and represents an overlap of philosophical and theological terms, rhetorical techniques and multiple canonical appropriations. Attempts to study and define the meaning of οἰκονομία have so far focused on οἰκονομία as a technical legal tool seen through the lens of similar legal tools existing within and outside of Eastern Canon Law. Both external and internal perspectives have been influenced, and to some extent contaminated, by such a comparativist approach. The present text draws on existing scholarship which examines the multiplicity of meanings of οἰκονομία and argues that it is critical to understand the interdependence of this plurality of usages in order to understand and define the meaning, the role and the place of οἰκονομία in Eastern Canon Law. The text proposes that an examination of the multiplicity of usages of the term of οἰκονομία may have produced a particular category mistake in modern Canon Law by using οἰκονομία as a substitute for custom and argues that a recalibration of a robust understanding of the interplay of law and custom and the place of oikonomia within the context of this interplay is a critical element in any recalibration of modern Orthodox Canon Law. The text examines how this dichotomy has operated in the Canon Law of the twelfth century and proposes that, despite overlaps, without a clear understanding of the difference between the strictness of law and custom as sources of positive law on the one hand, and strictness and οἰκονομία within an act of judgment on the other, the use of οἰκονομία risks losing its relevance in a contemporary Orthodox context and beyond the Orthodox context

Trädgårdsföretagsregister 1995

Suomen virallinen tilasto (SVT

Open Finance and Consumer Protection: uneasy bedfellows

European Commission: Jean Monnet Chair in Digital Market Law (E-DSM) E-DSM - 101047038 - GAP-101047038