Therapie bei Schmerzen der Kaumuskulatur: Aktualisierung der Empfehlungen

Zusammenfassung: Kaumuskelschmerzen sind nach Zahnschmerzen die häufigsten Schmerzen in der Kiefer-Gesichts-Region. Nach einer Zusammenfassung der vom Interdisziplinären Arbeitskreis für Mund- und Gesichtsschmerzen der Deutschen Schmerzgesellschaft im Jahre 2007 veröffentlichten Therapieempfehlungen wird anhand einer Literaturrecherche der Kenntnisstand von Ätiologie, Diagnostik und therapeutischen Möglichkeiten aktualisiert. Es erfolgte eine systematische Literatursuche in PubMed, der Cochrane Library und der Verlagsdatenbank der Deutschen Zahnärztlichen Zeitschrift. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen unsere früheren Empfehlungen, dass bei der überwiegenden Zahl der Patienten mit nichtinvasiven, reversiblen Maßnahmen Schmerzlinderung bzw. Schmerzfreiheit erreicht werden kann. Kurz- und Langzeitstudien haben weitere Belege dafür geliefert, dass verschiedene Behandlungsverfahren vergleichbar wirksam sind. Bei chronischen Verläufen ist neben der biomedizinischen Standardtherapie eine schmerzpsychologische Betreuung obligat. Als empfehlenswert wurden Aufklärung, Okklusionsschienen, physiotherapeutische Selbstbehandlung und Akupunktur, als eingeschränkt empfehlenswert physikalische Therapie, Pharmakotherapie und psychologische Schmerztherapie beurteil

Vorschlag einer Klassifikation der Odontalgien

Zusammenfassung: Hintergrund: Die Prävalenz von Zahnschmerzen in der Bevölkerung ist beachtlich. Bislang publizierte Klassifikationen der Odontalgien erscheinen jedoch für klinische Belange nicht ausreichend strukturiert. Zudem finden nicht alle bekannten Zahnschmerzformen Berücksichtigung. Ziel dieser Abhandlung ist die Vorstellung einer verfeinerten und aktuellem Wissen genügenden Einteilung der Odontalgien und die Zusammenfassung ihrer jeweiligen Merkmale zum Zweck einer raschen Diagnosestellung. Ergebnisse: Die erarbeitete Klassifikation unterscheidet 7Schmerzformen: 1."Dentin-Schmerz" (ausgehend vom Pulpagewebe), 2."Pulpa-Schmerz" (ausgehend vom Pulpagewebe), 3.parodontaler Schmerz, 4.alveolär-ossärer Schmerz, 5.atypische Odontalgie, 6.in die Zähne übertragener (heterotoper) Schmerz, 7.Zahnschmerz in Zusammenhang mit primär psychosozialen Faktoren. Schlussfolgerungen: Die vorgeschlagene Klassifikation erscheint geeignet, die verschiedenen Formen der Odontalgien differenzierter darzustellen, als dies mit den bisherigen Einteilungen der Fall war. Ihre Brauchbarkeit bzw. Überlegenheit gegenüber anderen Klassifikationen wird sich im klinischen Alltag erweisen müsse

Aktualisierung der Empfehlungen zur standardisierten Diagnostik und Klassifikation von Kaumuskel- und Kiefergelenkschmerzen

Zusammenfassung: Hintergrund: Im Jahre 2000 veröffentlichte der Interdisziplinäre Arbeitskreis für Mund- und Gesichtsschmerzen in der Deutschen Gesellschaft zum Studium des Schmerzes Empfehlungen zur Diagnostik und Klassifikation von Patienten mit Schmerzen im Bereich der Kaumuskulatur und/oder Kiefergelenke. Ziele der vorliegenden Publikation sind eine Bestandsaufnahme und Aktualisierung der damals gemachten Vorschläge. Ergebnisse: Sichtung und Bewertung der nach Veröffentlichung der Empfehlungen erschienenen Fachliteratur (bis Dezember 2005) zeigen, dass sich das zweiachsige Stufenkonzept zur Erfassung somatischer und psychosozialer Parameter orofazialer Schmerzen bewährt hat. Einzelne Aspekte der Empfehlungen wurden in Form wissenschaftlicher Belege weiter konkretisiert. Schlussfolgerungen: Die vorgeschlagenen Empfehlungen spiegeln die aktuellen Entwicklungen in der Schmerzmedizin wider. Insbesondere in der Zahnärzteschaft sollten sie daher eine noch breitere Verankerung finden als bishe

Improved large-scale prediction of growth inhibition patterns using the NCI60 cancer cell line panel

International audienceMotivation: Recent large-scale omics initiatives have catalogued the somatic alterations of cancer cell line panels along with their pharmacological response to hundreds of compounds. In this study, we have explored these data to advance computational approaches that enable more effective and targeted use of current and future anticancer therapeutics.Results: We modelled the 50% growth inhibition bioassay end-point (GI50) of 17 142 compounds screened against 59 cancer cell lines from the NCI60 panel (941 831 data-points, matrix 93.08% complete) by integrating the chemical and biological (cell line) information. We determine that the protein, gene transcript and miRNA abundance provide the highest predictive signal when modelling the GI50 endpoint, which significantly outperformed the DNA copy-number variation or exome sequencing data (Tukey’s Honestly Significant Difference, P <0.05). We demonstrate that, within the limits of the data, our approach exhibits the ability to both interpolate and extrapolate compound bioactivities to new cell lines and tissues and, although to a lesser extent, to dissimilar compounds. Moreover, our approach outperforms previous models generated on the GDSC dataset. Finally, we determine that in the cases investigated in more detail, the predicted drug-pathway associations and growth inhibition patterns are mostly consistent with the experimental data, which also suggests the possibility of identifying genomic markers of drug sensitivity for novel compounds on novel cell lines

Deutsche transkulturelle Übersetzung des Injustice Experience Questionnaire (IEQ)

The file attached to this record is the author's final peer reviewed version. The Publisher's final version can be found by following the DOI link.Introduction: Occupational and social rehabilitation is influenced by perceived injustice as a result of injury. To assess perceived injustice, the Injustice Experience Questionnaire (IEQ) has been developed and is available in English. The aim of this study was to translate and culturally adapt the English version of the IEQ into German. Methodology: The IEQ was translated and adapted into German according to the criteria for transcultural adaptation of self-assessment tools. The translation was examined in a sample of 19 pain patients for its comprehensibility and item meanings, as well as offensiveness. Data were assessed using nonparametric statistical methods. Results: The German translation of the IEQ showed a high degree of comprehensibility. The items’ meanings and participants’ selected answer options were rated as highly plausible by two raters. Item wordings were rated neither as offensive nor unacceptable by participants. The German translation of the english term “negligence” in item 3 by the term “Unachtsamkeit” was assessed as misunderstandable, therefore it was replaced by the term “Unaufmerksamkeit". Conclusion: The study attests the cultural and linguistic intelligibility and precision of the German translation of the IEQ. In a follow-up study, the translation should be validated in a larger sample of pain patients

Engineering tyrosine-based electron flow pathways in proteins: The case of aplysia myoglobin

Tyrosine residues can act as redox cofactors that provide an electron transfer ("hole-hopping") route that enhances the rate of ferryl heme iron reduction by externally added reductants, for example, ascorbate. Aplysia fasciata myoglobin, having no naturally occurring tyrosines but 15 phenylalanines that can be selectively mutated to tyrosine residues, provides an ideal protein with which to study such through-protein electron transfer pathways and ways to manipulate them. Two surface exposed phenylalanines that are close to the heme have been mutated to tyrosines (F42Y, F98Y). In both of these, the rate of ferryl heme reduction increased by up to 3 orders of magnitude. This result cannot be explained in terms of distance or redox potential change between donor and acceptor but indicates that tyrosines, by virtue of their ability to form radicals, act as redox cofactors in a new pathway. The mechanism is discussed in terms of the Marcus theory and the specific protonation/deprotonation states of the oxoferryl iron and tyrosine. Tyrosine radicals have been observed and quantified by EPR spectroscopy in both mutants, consistent with the proposed mechanism. The location of each radical is unambiguous and allows us to validate theoretical methods that assign radical location on the basis of EPR hyperfine structure. Mutation to tyrosine decreases the lipid peroxidase activity of this myoglobin in the presence of low concentrations of reductant, and the possibility of decreasing the intrinsic toxicity of hemoglobin by introduction of these pathways is discussed. © 2012 American Chemical Society

GeNMR: a web server for rapid NMR-based protein structure determination

GeNMR (GEnerate NMR structures) is a web server for rapidly generating accurate 3D protein structures using sequence data, NOE-based distance restraints and/or NMR chemical shifts as input. GeNMR accepts distance restraints in XPLOR or CYANA format as well as chemical shift files in either SHIFTY or BMRB formats. The web server produces an ensemble of PDB coordinates for the protein within 15–25 min, depending on model complexity and completeness of experimental restraints. GeNMR uses a pipeline of several pre-existing programs and servers to calculate the actual protein structure. In particular, GeNMR combines genetic algorithms for structure optimization along with homology modeling, chemical shift threading, torsion angle and distance predictions from chemical shifts/NOEs as well as ROSETTA-based structure generation and simulated annealing with XPLOR-NIH to generate and/or refine protein coordinates. GeNMR greatly simplifies the task of protein structure determination as users do not have to install or become familiar with complex stand-alone programs or obscure format conversion utilities. Tests conducted on a sample of 90 proteins from the BioMagResBank indicate that GeNMR produces high-quality models for all protein queries, regardless of the type of NMR input data. GeNMR was developed to facilitate rapid, user-friendly structure determination of protein structures via NMR spectroscopy. GeNMR is accessible at http://www.genmr.ca

Solution structure of a repeated unit of the ABA-1 nematode polyprotein allergen of ascaris reveals a novel fold and two discrete lipid-binding sites

Parasitic nematode worms cause serious health problems in humans and other animals. They can induce allergic-type immune responses, which can be harmful but may at the same time protect against the infections. Allergens are proteins that trigger allergic reactions and these parasites produce a type that is confined to nematodes, the nematode polyprotein allergens (NPAs). These are synthesized as large precursor proteins comprising repeating units of similar amino acid sequence that are subsequently cleaved into multiple copies of the allergen protein. NPAs bind small lipids such as fatty acids and retinol (Vitamin A) and probably transport these sensitive and insoluble compounds between the tissues of the worms. Nematodes cannot synthesize these lipids, so NPAs may also be crucial for extracting nutrients from their hosts. They may also be involved in altering immune responses by controlling the lipids by which the immune and inflammatory cells communicate. We describe the molecular structure of one unit of an NPA, the well-known ABA-1 allergen of Ascaris and find its structure to be of a type not previously found for lipid-binding proteins, and we describe the unusual sites where lipids bind within this structur