PENGARUH VARIASI TEGANGAN DAN WAKTU PADA PROSES PELAPISAN NIKEL TERHADAP KEKUATAN BENDING BAJA ST 41

Abstrak Penelitian ini membahas tentang pengaruh variasi tegangan dan waktu lama proses pelapisan nikel terhadap kekuatan bending material baja ST41. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh tegangan, waktu pelapisan terhadap kekuatan bending material baja ST 41 setelah dilakukan proses pelapisan nikel. Pengujiannya menggunakan standar pengujian bending ASTM B489. Proses pelapisan nikel menggunakan variasi tegangan 3 volt, 4 volt, 5volt dan variasi waktu lama proses pelapisan 5 menit, 10 menit, 15 menit. Pada material yang dilapisi menggunakan tegangan 4 volt dan waktu 10 menit memperoleh hasil rata-rata kekuatan bending maksimal tertinggi yaitu 4338,54 N , sedangkan pada raw material rata-rata kekuatan bending maksimalnya sebesar 3976,56 N. Hasil pengujian tersebut membuktikan bahwa proses pelapisan nikel berpengaruh terhadap kekuatan bending material, ini didukung dengan hasil pengujian statistik menggunakan univariate two way anova yang menunjukkan adanya pengaruh variasi tegangan pada proses pelapisan nikel terhadap kekuatan bending yang dihasilkan dengan besarnya pengaruh sebesar 10,9% , sedangkan lama waktu proses pelapisan tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan karena semakin tebal lapisan nikel yang menempel pada material, maka semakin mudah rusak pula lapisan tersebut ketika dikenai beban bending. Kata Kunci: baja st41, elektroplating nikel, pengujian bending, variasi tegangan, dan lama waktu

The Use of 3-2-1 Strategy in Teaching Reading Comprehension on Report Text

The 3-2-1 strategy is a reading strategy that requires students\u27 participation on summarizing ideas from the text, encourages them to think independently, and invites them to engage with the text. The aim of this research was to investigated whether the 3-2-1 strategy increased students\u27 achievement in reading comprehension on report text. Reading comprehension is the process of simultaneously extracting meaning through interaction and involvement with written language. Report text is a text presenting information about something like social phenomena in our environment. The research method used a pre-experimental research. The population of the ninth grade students of SMP Pertiwi Pontianak in academic year 2015/2016 consisted of 26 students and sample consisted of 24 students. The data was calculated and the result showed that the mean score of pre-test was 5.63 and post-test was 7.77. There was significant difference of students mean score in reading comprehension on report text between pre-test and post-test after treatment. The 3-2-1 strategy can be applied in teaching learning process to increasing the knowledge of reading text

Respon Bibit Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) Di Pre Nursery Pada Media Ultisol Yang Mendapat Aplikasi Sludge Dan Pupuk Pelengkap Cair

This study aims to determine the effect of sludge and liquid manure as well as to obtain the best dose of sludge and liquid fertilizer for the growth of oil palm seedlings in ultisol media. Research conducted at the Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Riau Pekanbaru. The study was conducted during the four months from April to August 2015. The study conducted an experiment using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor is the sludge (S), which consists of 4 levels and the second factor is fertilizer complementary liquid (P) consisting of 3 levels. Comparisons between treatment parameters observed were seedling height, number of leaves, the girth, shoot to root ratio, root volume, seedlings dry weight using ANOVA and Duncan\u27s multiple range test level of 5%. The results showed that the application of sludge and PPC has no significant effect on seedling height, number of leaves, girth, shoot to root ratio, seedling dry weight and root volume. Sludge 75 g / polybag and PPC 4 cc / l applications on pre nursery oil palm seedlings in ultisol media tend to improve seedling height, number of leaves, wrap tubers, roots canopy ratio, seedling dry weight and root volume

Electrospun Nylon-6 Nanofibers and Their Characteristics

The purposes of this research were to investigate the synthesized Nylon-6 nanofibers using electrospinning technique and their characteristics. The method used in this study was an experimental method with a quantitative approach. Nylon-6 nanofibers have been produced using the electrospinning method. This fiber was made with different concentrations, i.e. 20% w/w (FN1), 25% w/w (FN2), and 30% w/w (FN3). The SEM results show that the morphology of all nylon-6 nanofibers) forms perfect fibers without bead fiber. Increasing fiber concentration from 20% w/w to 30% w/w results in bigger morphology and fiber diameter. The dimensions of the FN1, FN2, and FN3 fibers are 1890 nm, 2350 nm, and 2420 nm, respectively. The results of FTIR analysis showed that the increase in the concentration of nylon-6 (b) and the electrospinning process caused a peak shift in the amide II group (CH2 bond), the carbonyl group and the CH2 stretching of the amide III group from small wave numbers to larger ones. The results of XRD characterization showed that the electrospinning process affected the changes in the XRD pattern of nylon-6 nanofiber (FN1, FN2, and FN3) in the state of semi crystal. Nylon-6 nanofibers can be used for applications in medicine, air filters, and electrode for capacitor

Clinical utility of the risperidone formulations in the management of schizophrenia

Risperidone is one of the early second-generation antipsychotics that came into the limelight in the early 1990s. Both the oral and long-acting injectable formulations have been subject to numerous studies to assess their safety, efficacy, and tolerability. Risperidone is currently one of the most widely prescribed antipsychotic medications, used for both acute and long-term maintenance in schizophrenia. Risperidone has better efficacy in the treatment of psychotic symptoms than placebo and possibly many first-generation antipsychotics. Risperidone fares better than placebo and first-generation antipsychotics in the treatment of negative symptoms. Risperidone’s long acting injectable preparation has been well tolerated and is often useful in patients with medication nonadherence. Risperidone has a higher risk of hyperprolactinemia comparable to first-generation antipsychotics (FGAs) but fares better than many second-generation antipsychotics with regards to metabolic side effects. In this article, we briefly review the recent literature exploring the role of risperidone formulations in schizophrenia, discuss clinical usage, and highlight the controversies and challenges associated with its use

Calcium/Calmodulin Dependent Protein Kinase Kinase 2 Regulates the Expansion of Tumor-Induced Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a hetero geneous group of cells, which can suppress the immune response, promote tumor progression and impair the efficacy of immunotherapies. Consequently, the pharmacological targeting of MDSC is emerging as a new immunotherapeutic strategy to stimulate the natural anti-tumor immune response and potentiate the efficacy of immunotherapies. Herein, we leveraged genetically modified models and a small molecule inhibitor to validate Calcium-Calmodulin Kinase Kinase 2 (CaMKK2) as a druggable target to control MDSC accumulation in tumor-bearing mice. The results indicated that deletion of CaMKK2 in the host attenuated the growth of engrafted tumor cells, and this phenomenon was associated with increased antitumor T cell response and decreased accumulation of MDSC. The adoptive transfer of MDSC was sufficient to restore the ability of the tumor to grow in Camkk2-/- mice, confirming the key role of MDSC in the mechanism of tumor rejection. In vitro studies indicated that blocking of CaMKK2 is sufficient to impair the yield of MDSC. Surprisingly, MDSC generated from Camkk2-/- bone marrow cells also showed a higher ability to terminally differentiate toward more immunogenic cell types (e.g inflammatory macrophages and dendritic cells) compared to wild type (WT). Higher intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulated in Camkk2-/- MDSC, increasing their susceptibility to apoptosis and promoting their terminal differentiation toward more mature myeloid cells. Mechanistic studies indicated that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which is a known CaMKK2 proximal target controlling the oxidative stress response, fine-tunes ROS accumulation in MDSC. Accordingly, failure to activate the CaMKK2-AMPK axis can account for the elevated ROS levels in Camkk2-/- MDSC. These results highlight CaMKK2 as an important regulator of the MDSC lifecycle, identifying this kinase as a new druggable target to restrain MDSC expansion and enhance the efficacy of anti-tumor immunotherapy

Hutan Untuk Kesejahteraan : Cerita Dari Lapangan

Kumpulan tulisan dari cerita-cerita implementasi Forest Governance Program II (FGP II) yang telah berlangsung sejak tahun 2011-2015. Sebagai upaya untuk mengikat ilmu dan membuat keabadian dari perjalanan program, tulisan ini mencoba memotret apa yang telah dilakukan komunitas dan mitra dalam mengiplementasikan kegiatan program yang di dukung oleh Kedutaan Norwegi