9,043 research outputs found
Bilayer Quantum Hall Systems at nuT = 1: Coulomb Drag and the Transition from Weak to Strong Interlayer Coupling
Measurements revealing anomalously large frictional drag at the transition between the weakly and strongly coupled regimes of a bilayer two-dimensional electron system at total Landau level filling factor nuT = 1 are reported. This result suggests the existence of fluctuations, either static or dynamic, near the phase boundary separating the quantized Hall state at small layer separations from the compressible state at larger separations. Interestingly, the anomalies in drag seem to persist to larger layer separations than does interlayer phase coherence as detected in tunneling
Double layer two-dimensional electron systems: Probing the transition from weak to strong coupling with Coulomb drag
Frictional drag measurements revealing anomalously large dissipation at the
transition between the weakly- and strongly-coupled regimes of a bilayer
two-dimensional electron system at total Landau level filling factor
are reported. This result suggests the existence of fluctuations, either static
or dynamic, near the phase boundary separating the quantized Hall state at
small layer separations from the compressible state at larger separations.
Interestingly, the anomalies in drag seem to persist to larger layer
separations than does interlayer phase coherence as detected in tunneling.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Solar Wind Electric Fields in the Ion Cyclotron Frequency Range
Measurements of fluctuations of electric fields in the frequency range from a
fraction of one Hz to 12.5 Hz are presented, and corrected for the Lorentz
transformation of magnetic fluctuations to give the electric fields in the
plasma frame. The electric fields are large enough to provide the dominant
force on the ions of the solar wind in the region near the ion cyclotron
frequency of protons, larger than the force due to magnetic fluctuations. They
provide sufficient velocity space diffusion or heating to counteract
conservation of magnetic moment in the expanding solar wind to maintain nearly
isotropic velocity distributions
Vanishing Hall Resistance at High Magnetic Field in a Double Layer Two-Dimensional Electron System
At total Landau level filling factor a double layer
two-dimensional electron system with small interlayer separation supports a
collective state possessing spontaneous interlayer phase coherence. This state
exhibits the quantized Hall effect when equal electrical currents flow in
parallel through the two layers. In contrast, if the currents in the two layers
are equal, but oppositely directed, both the longitudinal and Hall resistances
of each layer vanish in the low temperature limit. This finding supports the
prediction that the ground state at is an excitonic superfluid.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Measurement of the electric fluctuation spectrum of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence
Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence in the solar wind is observed to show
the spectral behavior of classical Kolmogorov fluid turbulence over an inertial
subrange and departures from this at short wavelengths, where energy should be
dissipated. Here we present the first measurements of the electric field
fluctuation spectrum over the inertial and dissipative wavenumber ranges in a
plasma. The inertial subrange is observed and
agrees strikingly with the magnetic fluctuation spectrum; the wave phase speed
in this regime is shown to be consistent with the Alfv\'en speed. At smaller
wavelengths the electric spectrum is softer and is consistent
with the expected dispersion relation of short-wavelength kinetic Alfv\'en
waves. Kinetic Alfv\'en waves damp on the solar wind ions and electrons and may
act to isotropize them. This effect may explain the fluid-like nature of the
solar wind.Comment: submitted; 4 pages + 3 figure
Onset of Interlayer Phase Coherence in a Bilayer Two-Dimensional Electron System: Effect of Layer Density Imbalance
Tunneling and Coulomb drag are sensitive probes of spontaneous interlayer
phase coherence in bilayer two-dimensional electron systems at total Landau
level filling factor . We find that the phase boundary between the
interlayer phase coherent state and the weakly-coupled compressible phase moves
to larger layer separations as the electron density distribution in the bilayer
is imbalanced. The critical layer separation increases quadratically with layer
density difference.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
VETA-I x ray test analysis
This interim report presents some definitive results from our analysis of the VETA-I x-ray testing data. It also provides a description of the hardware and software used in the conduct of the VETA-I x-ray test program performed at the MSFC x-ray Calibration Facility (XRCF). These test results also serve to supply data and information to include in the TRW final report required by DPD 692, DR XC04. To provide an authoritative compendium of results, we have taken nine papers as published in the SPIE Symposium, 'Grazing Incidence X-ray/EUV Optics for Astronomy and Projection Lithography' and have reproduced them as the content of this report
Correcting x ray spectra obtained from the AXAF VETA-I mirror calibration for pileup, continuum, background and deadtime
The VETA-I mirror was calibrated with the use of a collimated soft X-ray source produced by electron bombardment of various anode materials. The FWHM, effective area and encircled energy were measured with the use of proportional counters that were scanned with a set of circular apertures. The pulsers from the proportional counters were sent through a multichannel analyzer that produced a pulse height spectrum. In order to characterize the properties of the mirror at different discrete photon energies one desires to extract from the pulse height distribution only those photons that originated from the characteristic line emission of the X-ray target source. We have developed a code that fits a modeled spectrum to the observed X-ray data, extracts the counts that originated from the line emission, and estimates the error in these counts. The function that is fitted to the X-ray spectra includes a Prescott function for the resolution of the detector a second Prescott function for a pileup peak and a X-ray continuum function. The continuum component is determined by calculating the absorption of the target Bremsstrahlung through various filters correcting for the reflectivity of the mirror and convolving with the detector response
Spacecraft charging and ion wake formation in the near-Sun environment
A three-dimensional (3-D), self-consistent code is employed to solve for the
static potential structure surrounding a spacecraft in a high photoelectron
environment. The numerical solutions show that, under certain conditions, a
spacecraft can take on a negative potential in spite of strong photoelectron
currents. The negative potential is due to an electrostatic barrier near the
surface of the spacecraft that can reflect a large fraction of the
photoelectron flux back to the spacecraft. This electrostatic barrier forms if
(1) the photoelectron density at the surface of the spacecraft greatly exceeds
the ambient plasma density, (2) the spacecraft size is significantly larger
than local Debye length of the photoelectrons, and (3) the thermal electron
energy is much larger than the characteristic energy of the escaping
photoelectrons. All of these conditions are present near the Sun. The numerical
solutions also show that the spacecraft's negative potential can be amplified
by an ion wake. The negative potential of the ion wake prevents secondary
electrons from escaping the part of spacecraft in contact with the wake. These
findings may be important for future spacecraft missions that go nearer to the
Sun, such as Solar Orbiter and Solar Probe Plus.Comment: 25 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Physics of Plasma
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