1,766 research outputs found
Stratus Ocean Reference Station (20˚S, 85˚W) mooring recovery and deployment cruise STRATUS 8 R/V Ronald H. Brown cruise 07-09 October 9, 2007–November 6, 2007
The Ocean Reference Station at 20°S, 85°W under the stratus clouds west of northern Chile is
being maintained to provide ongoing climate-quality records of surface meteorology (air-sea
fluxes of heat, freshwater, and momentum), and of upper ocean temperature, salinity, and
velocity variability. The Stratus Ocean Reference Station (ORS Stratus) is supported by the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Climate Observation Program. It
is recovered and redeployed annually, with cruises between October and December.
During the October 2007 cruise on the NOAA ship Ronald H. Brown to the ORS Stratus site, the
primary activities were recovery of the Stratus 7 WHOI surface mooring that had been deployed
in October 2006, deployment of a new (Stratus 8) WHOI surface mooring at that site; in-situ
calibration of the buoy meteorological sensors by comparison with instrumentation put on board
the ship by staff of the NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL); and observations of
the stratus clouds and lower atmosphere by NOAA ESRL. Meteorological sensors on a buoy for
the Pacific tsunami warning system were also serviced, in collaboration with the Hydrographic
and Oceanographic Service of the Chilean Navy (SHOA). The DART (Deep-Ocean Assessment
and Reporting of Tsunami) carries IMET sensors and subsurface oceanographic instruments. A
new DART II buoy was deployed north of the STRATUS buoy, by personnel from the National
Data Buoy Center (NDBC) Argo floats and drifters were launched, and CTD casts carried out
during the cruise.
The ORS Stratus buoys are equipped with two Improved Meteorological (IMET) systems, which
provide surface wind speed and direction, air temperature, relative humidity, barometric
pressure, incoming shortwave radiation, incoming longwave radiation, precipitation rate, and sea
surface temperature. Additionally, the Stratus 8 buoy received a partial pressure of CO2 detector
from the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL). IMET data are made available in
near real time using satellite telemetry. The mooring line carries instruments to measure ocean
salinity, temperature, and currents.
The ESRL instrumentation used during the 2007 cruise included cloud radar, radiosonde
balloons, and sensors for mean and turbulent surface meteorology. Finally, the cruise hosted a
teacher participating in NOAA’s Teacher at Sea Program.Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
under Grant No. NA17RJ1223 for the Cooperative Institute for Climate and Ocean Research (CICOR)
Lifetime prevalence, age of risk, and genetic relationships of comorbid psychiatric disorders in Tourette syndrome
IMPORTANCE: Tourette syndrome (TS) is characterized by high rates of psychiatric comorbidity; however, few studies have fully characterized these comorbidities. Furthermore, most studies have included relatively few participants
Stratus 9/VOCALS ninth setting of the Stratus Ocean Reference Station & VOCALS Regional Experiment
The Ocean Reference Station at 20°S, 85°W under the stratus clouds west of northern Chile is
being maintained to provide ongoing climate-quality records of surface meteorology; air-sea
fluxes of heat, freshwater, and momentum; and of upper ocean temperature, salinity, and velocity
variability. The Stratus Ocean Reference Station (ORS Stratus) is supported by the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Climate Observation Program. It is
recovered and redeployed annually, with cruises that have come between October and December.
During the 2008 cruise on the NOAA ship Ronald H. Brown to the ORS Stratus site, the primary
activities were recovery of the Stratus 8 WHOI surface mooring that had been deployed in
October 2007, deployment of a new (Stratus 9) WHOI surface mooring at that site; in-situ
calibration of the buoy meteorological sensors by comparison with instrumentation put on board
by staff of the NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL); and observations of the stratus
clouds and lower atmosphere by NOAA ESRL. A buoy for the Pacific tsunami warning system
was also serviced in collaboration with the Hydrographic and Oceanographic Service of the
Chilean Navy (SHOA). The DART (Deep-Ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunami) carries
IMET sensors and subsurface oceanographic instruments. A DART II buoy was deployed north
of the STRATUS buoy, by personnel from the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC)
Argo floats and drifters were launched, and CTD casts carried out during the cruise.
The ORS Stratus buoys are equipped with two Improved Meteorological (IMET) systems, which
provide surface wind speed and direction, air temperature, relative humidity, barometric
pressure, incoming shortwave radiation, incoming longwave radiation, precipitation rate, and sea
surface temperature. Additionally, the Stratus 8 buoy received a partial CO2 detector from the
Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL). IMET data are made available in near real
time using satellite telemetry. The mooring line carries instruments to measure ocean salinity,
temperature, and currents.
The ESRL instrumentation used during the 2008 cruise included cloud radar, radiosonde
balloons, and sensors for mean and turbulent surface meteorology.
Finally, the cruise hosted a teacher participating in NOAA’s Teacher at Sea Program.Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
under Grant No. NA17RJ1223 for the Cooperative Institute for Climate and Ocean Research (CICOR)
Transverse Momentum Dependent (TMD) Parton Distribution Functions: Status and Prospects
We review transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distribution functions, their application to topical issues in high-energy physics phenomenology, and their theoretical connections with QCD resummation, evolution and factorization theorems. We illustrate the use of TMDs via examples of multi-scale problems in hadronic collisions. These include transverse momentum qT spectra of Higgs and vector bosons for low qT, and azimuthal correlations in the production of multiple jets associated with heavy bosons at large jet masses. We discuss computational tools for TMDs, and present the application of a new tool, TMDLIB, to parton density fits and parameterizations
Balloon kyphoplasty in the treatment of metastatic disease of the spine: a 2-year prospective evaluation
There is currently little data on the longer term efficacy and safety of balloon kyphoplasty (BKP) in patients with metastatic vertebral compression fractures (VCFs). To prospectively assess the long-term efficacy and safety of BKP in treating thoracic and lumbar spinal metastatic fractures that result in pain or instability. Sixty-five patients (37 men, mean age: 66 years) underwent 99 BKP procedures. Patient-related outcomes of pain visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index were assessed pre- and post-operatively and after 3, 6, 12 and 24 months. Correction of vertebral height and kyphotic deformity were assessed by radiographic measurements. Mean pain VAS and Oswestry Disability Index significantly improved from pre- to post-treatment (P < 0.0001), this improvement being sustained up to 24-month follow up. A gain in height restoration and a reduction of the post-operative kyphotic angle were seen post-operatively and at 3 months although these radiographic outcomes returned to pre-operative levels at 12 months. BKP was associated with a rate of cement leakage and incidence vertebral fracture of 12 and 8%, respectively. No symptomatic cement leaks or serious adverse events were seen during the 24 months of follow up. BKP is a minimally invasive procedure that provides immediate and long-term pain relief and improvement in functional ability in selected patients with metastatic VCFs. The procedure appears to have good long-term safety
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