Identification of transplanted pancreatic islet cells by radioactive Dithizone-[131I]-Histamine conjugate. Preliminary report

Background: The unique mechanism of dithizone action in the interior of the viable pancreatic islet suggests the possible development of a specific radiopharmaceutical that may have a potential clinical application in the diagnosis of the pancreatic organ allografts or islets rejection. The radiodiagnostic properties of the newly developed radioactive analogue of dithizone, i.e. Dithizone-[131I]-Histamine conjugate have been evaluated in the present study. METHODS: The four islet cells transplantation models were chosen for this purpose. The most important feature of the Dithizone-[131I]-Histamine conjugate is its possessed ability of zinc chelation. As was presented in the recent study, the conjugate stains pink-reddish the isolated pancreatic islets in vitro. Among the studied transplantation models, only the islets grafting under testis capsule enabled determination of the pancreatic islets in rats by radioactive Dithizone-[131I]-Histamine conjugate. The level of the radioactivity in the recipient testis (right) was almost two times higher compared to the controls (0.24 vs. 0.13% ID/g, respectively). CONCLUSIONS:These preliminary data demonstrate the ability of the developed radioactive analogue of dithizone for in vivo identification of transplanted pancreatic islets, and suggests a potential clinical application of the radiodithizone in the diagnosis of the pancreatic islet rejection

Preclinical pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, radiation dosimetry and toxicity studies required for regulatory approval of a phase I clinical trial with 111In-CP04 in medullary thyroid carcinoma patients

Introduction: From a series of radiolabelled cholecystokinin (CCK) and gastrin analogues, 111In-CP04 (111In-DOTA-(DGlu)6-Ala-Tyr-Gly-Trp-Met-Asp-Phe-NH2) was selected for further translation as a diagnostic radiopharmaceutical towards a first-in-man study in patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). A freeze-dried kit formulation for multicentre application has been developed. We herein report on biosafety, in vivo stability, biodistribution and dosimetry aspects of 111In-CP04 in animal models, essential for the regulatory approval of the clinical trial. Materials and methods: Acute and extended single dose toxicity of CP04 was tested in rodents, while the in vivo stability of 111In-CP04 was assessed by HPLC analysis of mouse blood samples. The biodistribution of 111In-CP04 prepared from a freeze-dried kit was studied in SCID mice bearing do

Obstacles on the way to the clinical visualisation of beta cells: looking for the Aeneas of molecular imaging to navigate between Scylla and Charybdis

For more than a decade, researchers have been trying to develop non-invasive imaging techniques for the in vivo measurement of viable pancreatic beta cells. However, in spite of intense research efforts, only one tracer for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging is currently under clinical evaluation. To many diabetologists it may remain unclear why the imaging world struggles to develop an effective method for non-invasive beta cell imaging (BCI), which could be useful for both research and clinical purposes. Here, we provide a concise overview of the obstacles and challenges encountered on the way to such BCI, in both native and transplanted islets. We discuss the major difficulties posed by the anatomical and cell biological features of pancreatic islets, as well as the chemical and physical limits of the main imaging modalities, with special focus on PET, SPECT and MRI. We conclude by indicating new avenues for future research in the field, based on several remarkable recent results

The adsorption of 4-chloroaniline from aqueous solution on halloysite adsorbent

Opisano wyniki badań adsorpcji 4-chloroaniliny w układzie przepływowym z wodnych roztworów na złożu haloizytowym trawionym kwasem siarkowym (VI). Adsorbent haloizytowy preparowano przez jednokrotne trawienie haloizytu kwasem o stężeniach 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% oraz 60% m/m. Haloizyt wytrawiony kwasem o stężeniu 10% i 20% potraktowano jeszcze raz kwasem o stężeniu 40% i 60% m/m. Stwierdzono, że haloizyt trawiony dwukrotnie kwasem o stężeniu 10% i 40% oraz 20% i 40% wykazuje najlepsze właściwości adsor- pcyjne. Określono wpływ pH roztworu 4-chloroaniliny na adsorpcję tego związku na złożu haloizytowym. Wzrost pH roztworu przepływającego przez jednokrotnie trawiony haloizyt o ok. jednostkę obniża adsorpcję 4-chloroaniliny.In the present paper the results of adsorption study in the flow system of 4-chloroaniline aqueous solutions on halloysite bed activated by sulphuric acid (VI) are described. The halloysite adsorbent was prepared by single and double digesting sulphuric acid solutions with concentrations (10, 20, 30,40, 60 wt. % and 10/40, 20/40 wt. %, respecively). On the base of the obtained results we have found the double digested halloysite has the best sorption properties. The pH increase of solution flowing by single digested halloysite about unit decreases of adsorption of 4-chloroaniline on halloysite bed

Spectral characterization of mesoporous carbons modified by Ag, Au, TiO2 and Fe3O4 nanoparticles

Określono możliwość zastosowania technik spektroskopowych do charakterystyki właściwości strukturalnych mezoporowatego węgla otrzymanego metodą miękkiego odwzorowania oraz zmodyfikowanego za pomocą nanocząstek Ag, Au, TiO2 i Fe3O4. Charakterystykę spektralną próbek otrzymanych węgli przeprowadzono techniką spektroskopii IR, FTIR oraz Ramana. Podczas syntezy materiałów węglowych w środowisku kwasowym zastosowano rezorcynol i formaldehyd jako prekursory węglowe w obecności kopolimeru trójblokowego Lutrol F127. Wyniki badań spektralnych wykazały, że zastosowane metody syntezy mezoporowatych węgli pozwoliły na uzyskanie materiałów węglowych o odtwarzalnej budowie. Modyfikacja powierzchni węgla badanymi nanocząstkami spowodowała wyraźne zmiany w widmach Ramana, FTIR i IR kompozytów węglowych, przy czym na zmianę ich właściwości najsilniej wpłynęły tlenki metali. Widma te pokazały również, że w strukturze otrzymanych materiałów węglowych pojawiły się uporządkowane fragmenty grafenowe podobne do tych, jakie występują w nanorurkach węglowych.The structural properties of mesoporous carbons modified by Ag, Au, TiO2 and Fe3O4 nanoparticles were studied using IR, FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy. The carbon materials were prepared by the soft-templating method in an acidic medium, with resorcinol and formaldehyde as the carbon precursors and triblock copolymer Lutrol F127 as a soft template. Spectral analysis has revealed that these carbons are characterized by a repeatable structure. The modification of the carbon surface by the nanoparticles examined has caused some noticeable changes in the Raman, FT-IR and IR spectra of the carbon composites, and most of the influence on the modification of the surface comes from metal oxides. The spectra have also shown that the carbon materials tested contain some ordered fragments of graphene structures similar to those occurring in carbon nanotubes

Production of scandium radionuclides for theranostic applications: towards standardization of quality requirements

International audienceAbstractIn the frame of “precision medicine”, the scandium radionuclides have recently received considerable interest, providing personalised adjustment of radiation characteristics to optimize the efficiency of medical care or therapeutic benefit for particular groups of patients. Radionuclides of scandium, namely scandium-43 and scandium-44 (43/44Sc) as positron emitters and scandium-47 (47Sc), beta-radiation emitter, seem to fit ideally into the concept of theranostic pair. This paper aims to review the work on scandium isotopes production, coordination chemistry, radiolabeling, preclinical studies and the very first clinical studies. Finally, standardized procedures for scandium-based radiopharmaceuticals have been proposed as a basis to pave the way for elaboration of the Ph.Eur. monographs for perspective scandium radionuclides.</jats:p