Faktor-faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kualitas Kinerja Pegawai Kantor Pertanahan Di Kabupaten Rote Ndao

The aim of this research is to analyzes determinant factors (input) and determinant factor (process) to employee working quality (output) in Land Agency in Rote Ndao regency. There are 6 variables used in this research with 6 independent variables and one dependent variable. 6 dependent variables consist of human resources, budget, facility, infrastructure, bureaucracy efficiency, and labor discipline; independent variable is working quality. Population in this research are 30 employees from Land Agency in Rote Ndao regency. Data analysis used in this research is Spearman's correlation analysis method. This research concludes that the six independet variables have significant influnce toward the dependent variable partially and simultaneously

Effects of surgical caponisation on growth, carcass and some haematological parameters in cockerel chickens

The study was conducted to assess the effects of surgical caponisation on growth, carcass and some haematological parameters in cockerel chickens. Sixty (60) apparently healthy day old chicks were randomly distributed into two experimental groups (caponised and un-caponised) of thirty (30) cockerels each. The birds were caponised at the age of eight (8) weeks old and slaughtered at sixteen (16) weeks of age. The means of weekly weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio and final body weight in the two groups were not significantly different (p>0.05) except the mean of final body weight that was significantly different (p.0.05). The mean weights of carcass, eviscerated carcass, hind-limb and fore-limb of the two groups were significantly different (p.0.05) while that of the breast was not significantly different (p>0.05). The mean weights of the heart, liver and gizzard of the two groups were significantly different (p.0.05) however the mean weight of the kidney was not (P>0.05). All the mean values of Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Haemoglobin Content (HBC) and Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) in the two groups were not significantly different (p>0.05) however the White Blood Cells (WBC) was significantly different (p.0.05). It was concluded that the surgical caponisation of cockerel chickens at eight (8) weeks of age has significant effects on the growth and carcass traits (p.0.05) except on kidney (p>0.05) and has no significant effects on the haematological parameters (p>0.05) except on WBC (p.0.05).Keywords: Caponisation, Carcass, Cockerel, Growth, Haematological

Outbreak of cerebrospinal meningitis in Kebbi State, Nigeria

Background: Cerebrospinal meningitis (CSM), is a major public health problem still affecting tropical countries particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Group A and occasionally group C account for large scale epidemics in many countries in the African meningitis belt. The study aimed to describe the pattern of cerebrospinal meningitis outbreak in Kebbi state in 2015.Method: Information on cases and deaths was collected throughout the duration of the meningitis outbreak in all affected local government areas of Kebbi state. During this outbreak, we defined a suspected case as any person with sudden onset of fever (>38.5 C rectal or 38.0 C axillary) and one of the following signs: neck stiffness, altered consciousness or other meningeal signs and any toddler with sudden onset of fever (>38.5 C rectal or 38.0 C axillary) and one of the following signs: neck stiffness, or flaccid neck, bulging fontanel, convulsion or other meningeal signs. All the data was entered into SPSS statistical software and analyzed.Results: A total of 1,992 suspected cases of CSM were seen within the 18 weeks that the outbreak lasted. 1127 (57.0%) were males and 865 (43.0%) were females with a case fatality rate of 4.0%. The highest proportion of cases was found among those above 15 years of age (31.0%), 1252 (62.9%) of cases were immunized against neisseria meningitides type A. Two-thirds (16) of the LGAs in the state were affected and Aliero LGA had about half (n=1106; 55.5%) of cases seen. Most (77.3%) of samples analysed were positive for Nm type C.Conclusion: Kebbi state experienced an outbreak of cerebro-spinal Meningitis in 2015 which was massive. Effective surveillance system and mass vaccination with polyvalent vaccines containing serogroup C will prevent future occurrence.Keywords: Meningitis belt, MenAfriVac, Neisseria meningitidis type C, Sub-Saharan Afric

Diversity of microbial communities in production and injection waters of algerian oilfields revealed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon 454 pyrosequencing

The microorganisms inhabiting many petroleum reservoirs are multi-extremophiles capable of surviving in environments with high temperature, pressure and salinity. Their activity influences oil quality and they are an important reservoir of enzymes of industrial interest. To study these microbial assemblages and to assess any modifications that may be caused by industrial practices, the bacterial and archaeal communities in waters from four Algerian oilfields were described and compared. Three different types of samples were analyzed: production waters from flooded wells, production waters from non-flooded wells and injection waters used for flooding (water - bearing formations). Microbial communities of production and injection waters appeared to be significantly different. From a quantitative point of view, injection waters harbored roughly ten times more microbial cells than production waters. Bacteria dominated in injection waters, while Archaea dominated in production waters. Statistical analysis based on the relative abundance and bacterial community composition (BCC) revealed significant differences between production and injection waters at both OTUs 0.03 and phylum level. However, no significant difference was found between production waters from flooded and non-flooded wells, suggesting that most of the microorganisms introduced by the injection waters were unable to survive in the production waters. Furthermore, a Venn diagram generated to compare the BCC of production and injection waters of one flooded well revealed only 4% of shared bacterial OTUs. Phylogenetic analysis of bacterial sequences indicated that Alpha- , Beta- and Gammaproteobacteria were the main classes in most of the water samples. Archaeal sequences were only obtained from production wells and each well had a unique archaeal community composition, mainly belonging to Methanobacteria , Methanomicrobia , Thermoprotei and Halobacteria classes. Many of the bacterial genera retrieved had already been reported as degraders of complex organic molecules and pollutants. Nevertheless, a large number of unclassified bacterial and archaeal sequences were found in the analyzed samples, indicating that subsurface waters in oilfields could harbor new and still-non-described microbial specie

Decision making autonomy and maternal healthcare utilization among Nigerian women

Background and Objectives: Low assess to ante-natal care (ANC) services continue to pose a major public health challenge leading to high maternal mortality rates in developing countries. Non-utilization of ANC services among about a quarter of Nigerian women of reproductive age remains a major concern in the actualization of Sustainable Development Goals. Considering the complexity of healthcare utilization in Nigeria, the relationship between a particular health care utilization pattern and women autonomy has not been fully examined. This study examines the patterns of women autonomy and their relationships with ANC utilization in Nigeria. Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis of the 2013 nationally representative data from the Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS). Factor analysis/score were used to construct women autonomy index, while chi-square and logistic regression were used to establish the relationships between the response and exposure variables. Results: There is a strong relationship between women decision making autonomy status and ANC services among Nigeria women. The odds of utilizing ANC services among women with more decision making autonomy were significantly 3.79 higher than among women with low decision-making autonomy. The use of ANC increases as age, education and wealth status of respondents increase. Conclusions and Global Health Implications: These results indicate that women autonomy is undoubtedly a major determinant of ANC utilization in Nigeria

Haemonchosis and haemoparasites of small ruminants reared in north western, Nigeria

Small ruminants (goats and sheep) production systems worldwide are significantly constrained by haemo and gastrointestinal parasites. The study was carried out in Northwestern Nigeria from November 2011 to October 2012 with the aim to identify the common haemoparasites and haemonchosis in small ruminants. Three hundred abomasum samples with corresponding blood samples were collected from 200 goats and 100 sheep, respectively at necropsy. The abomasa were examined by Hansen and Perry method for the presence of Haemonchus contortus while blood samples were examined using the thin blood smear and Haematocrit Centrifugation Techniques (HCT). The prevalence of Haemonchus contortus in small ruminants was 80.3% with goats and sheep having prevalence of 78% and 85%, respectively. The prevalence for H. contortus in small ruminants during late dry, early dry, late rain and early rain were 64.9%, 84.1%, 89.9% and 81.1%, respectively. The prevalence were statistically significant among the seasons (p<0.05) with highest prevalence in the late rainy season. The total number of adult worms collected was 21862. The highest adult worm burdens were obtained during late rainy season (August to October) when a mean worm burden of 180.2 ± 51.45 and PCV of 26.63 ± 0.63 were recorded. The mean worm burdens for early dry, late dry and early rain were 42.60 ± 6.93, 31.67 ± 5.56 and 61.10 ± 11.33, respectively. The PCV values for the season were 27.73 ± 0.79, 26.60 ± 0.87 and 28.40 ± 0.65, respectively. The values of PCV for the four sub-seasons were not significant from one another but the value of PCV obtained during early rain was different from those of other sub-seasons. The PCV had a weak negative correlation with worm burdens with Pearson correlation coefficient of -0.2632 which was highly significant (p<0.001). Out of 200 goats and 100 sheep examined for haemoparasites, only one goat had heavy infection with Trypanosoma vivax and a sheep had mixed infection with Theileria ovis and Anaplasma ovis. The prevalence of three protozoans encountered was 0.33% each in small ruminants. The PCV of infected goat and sheep with protozoan parasites was 25% and 20%, respectively. The results suggest that Haemonchus contortus may be the major cause of anaemia in the study area. It is therefore recommended that further research be embarked upon to determine the effect of nutrition in ameliorating the effects of helminth infections and anaemia in small ruminant.Keywords: Haemonchosis, Haemoparasites, Prevalence, Small ruminants, Sub-season

Compliance with Guidelines for Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia is Associated with Decreased Mortality in Patients Hospitalized for Community-Acquired Pneumonia with Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia has a minimum treatment duration of two weeks, while S. aureus community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) treatment is at least five days. Treatment failure, persistent bacteremia, and recurrence are common among patients with community-acquired S. aureus bacteremia. There is conflicting information in the current Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) guidelines for the treatment of S.aureus bacteremia patients with CAP. Therefore, the appropriate treatment duration and modality for S. aureus CAP with bacteremia is unclear. The objective of this study was to compare outcomes among patients with S. aureus CAP and bacteremia treated in compliance versus non-compliance with IDSA S. aureus bacteremia guidelines. Methods: This was a secondary data analysis of the Community-Acquired Pneumonia Organization (CAPO) study database. Logistic regression was used to compare outcomes. Results: A total of 117 patients with S. aureus CAP and bacteremia were included in the study. Compliance with S. aureus bacteremia guidelines was documented in 67 patients, and non-compliance was documented in 50 patients. Compliance with IDSA S. aureus bacteremia guidelines resulted in a decrease in odds of re-hospitalization of 30% after adjusting for confounding variables between the compliant and non-compliant groups (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.70 [95% CI 0.29–1.70]; P=0.42). The 30-day mortality for the compliant group was 6% and for the non-compliant group was 10%; P=0.576. The 1-year mortality for the compliant group was 19% and for the non-compliant group was 44%; P=0.011. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that when treated in compliance with IDSA guidelines for S. aureus bacteremia, there was decreased 1-year mortality for patients hospitalized for S. aureus CAP with bacteremia. In this case, the IDSA S. aureus bacteremia guidelines recommend treating uncomplicated S. aureus bacteremia with CAP for at least two weeks of antimicrobials and at least four weeks of antimicrobials for complicated S. aureus bacteremia with CAP

Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kualitas Kinerja Kantor Pertanahan Rote Ndao

The aim of this research is to analysis the influence of determinant (input) and process factors toward the performance (output) quality of Land Agency in Rote Ndao Regency. Variables used in this study are six independent variables and one dependent variable. The six independent variables are human resources supply, budget supply, facilities supply, infrastructure supply, bureaucracy efficiency and work dicipline, whereas the dependent variable is performance quality. The population of this study consists of 30 employees Land Agency in Rote Ndao Regency. Sampling techniques is sampling saturated. Data analysis used in this research is Spearman's correlation analysis. Data analysis result shows that the six independet variables have significant influnce toward the dependent variable partially and simultaneously