1,322 research outputs found
DC lifetime of encapsulated organic light emitting diodes
Organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) are ideal sources for chemical and biological optical sensors, due to their simplicity, low cost (disposable applications) and possibility to be integrated on chip and fabricated in the form of large 2D arrays (microarray fluorescence) even on flexible plastic substrates. OLEDs with lifetimes of a few hundreds of hours at initial luminance values in the range (500\uf71000) cd/m 2 are suitable for the above applications, but these lifetimes can be achieved only by a proper encapsulation. Fast, simple and inexpensive encapsulation methods are highly desirable to keep the low cost profile and for this reasonwe report two different encapsulation structures and compare their effectiveness in increasing device lifetime of bilayer green emitting OLEDs based on Tris (8 idroxyquinoline) aluminum(Alq3) as emitting material
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Patients without colonoscopic follow-up after abnormal fecal immunochemical tests are often unaware of the abnormal result and report several barriers to colonoscopy.
BackgroundThe fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is the second most commonly used colorectal cancer (CRC) screening modality in the United States; yet, follow-up of abnormal FIT results with diagnostic colonoscopy is underutilized. Our objective was to determine patient-reported barriers to diagnostic colonoscopy following abnormal FIT in an academic healthcare setting.MethodsWe included patients age 50-75 with an abnormal FIT result between 1/1/2015 and 10/31/2017 and no documented follow-up diagnostic colonoscopy. We abstracted demographic data from the electronic health record (EHR). Study personnel conducted telephone surveys with patients to confirm colonoscopy completion and elicit data on notification of FIT results and barriers to colonoscopy. We also provided brief verbal education about diagnostic colonoscopy. We calculated frequencies of demographic data and survey responses and compared survey responses by interest in colonoscopy after education.ResultsWe surveyed 67 patients. Fifty-one were aware of the abnormal FIT result, and a majority learned of the abnormal FIT result by direct communication with providers (19, 37.3%) or EHR messaging (11, 21.6%). Overall, fifty-three patients (79.1%) confirmed lack of colonoscopy, citing provider-related (19, 35.8%), patient-related (16, 30.2%), system-related (1, 1.9%), or multifactorial (17, 32.1%) reasons. Lack of knowledge of FIT result (14, 26.4%) was most common. After brief education, 20 (37.7%) patients requested colonoscopy.ConclusionPatients with an abnormal FIT reported various multi-level barriers to diagnostic colonoscopy after abnormal FIT, including knowledge of FIT results. When provided with brief education, participants expressed interest in diagnostic colonoscopy. Future efforts will evaluate interventions to improve colonoscopy follow-up
Heavily obscured AGN in the local Universe
We present here a new powerful diagnostic plot to select heavily obscured AGN
in the local universe by combining infrared (Spitzer, IRAS) and X-ray (XMM)
information. On the basis of this plot, we selected a sample of X-ray obscured
sources in the 2XMM catalogue and found seven newly discovered Compton-thick
AGN candidates.Comment: 2 pages, 2 figures, To appear in refereed Proceedings of "X-ray
Astronomy 2009: Present Status, Multi-Wavelength Approach and Future
Perspectives", Bologna, Italy, September 7-11, 2009, AIP, eds. A. Comastri,
M. Cappi, and L. Angelin
The Swift-BAT survey reveals the orbital period of three high-mass X-ray binaries
A growing number of previously hidden Galactic X-ray sources are now detected
with recent surveys performed by the Integral and Swift satellites. Most of
these new sources eluded past surveys due to their large local X-ray extinction
and consequent low soft X-ray flux. The Swift-BAT performs daily monitoring of
the sky in an energy band (15-150 keV) which is only marginally affected by
X-ray extinction, thus allowing for the search of long periodicities in the
light curve and identification of the nature of the X-ray sources. We performed
a period search using the folding technique in the Swift-BAT light curves of
three Integral sources: IGR J05007-7047, IGR J13186-6257 and IGR J17354-3255.
Their periodograms show significant peaks at 30.770.01 d, 19.9940.01
d and 8.4480.002 d, respectively. We estimate the significance of these
features from the chi squared distribution of all the trials, finding a
probability less than 1.5 that the detections occurred due to
chance. We complement our analysis with the study of their broadband X-ray
emission. We identify the periodicities with the orbital periods of the
sources. The periods are typical for the wind accretors X-ray binaries and we
support this identification showing that also their energy spectra are
compatible with an X-ray spectral emission characteristic of high-mass X-ray
binaries. The spectrum of IGR J05007-704 that resides in the Large Magellanic
Cloud, does not show any intrinsic local absorption, whereas the spectra of the
Galactic sources IGR J17354-3255 and IGR J13186-6257 may be affected by a local
absorber. The folded light curve for IGR J13186-6257 suggests a possible Be
companion star.Comment: 10 pages, 14 figures. Accepted for publication in A&
The Palermo Swift-BAT hard X-ray catalogue III. Results after 54 months of sky survey
We present the Second Palermo Swift-BAT hard X-ray catalogue obtained by
analysing data acquired in the first 54 months of the Swift mission. Using our
software dedicated to the analysis of data from coded mask telescopes, we
analysed the BAT survey data in three energy bands (15-30 keV, 15-70 keV,
15-150 keV), obtaining a list of 1256 detections above a significance threshold
of 4.8 standard deviations. The identification of the source counterparts is
pursued using two strategies: the analysis of field observations of soft X-ray
instruments and cross-correlation of our catalogue with source databases.The
survey covers 50% of the sky to a 15--150 keV flux limit of 1.0 x 10^-11 erg
s^-1 cm^-2 and 9.2 x 10^-12 erg s^-1 cm^-2 for |b| 10
degrees, respectively. The Second Palermo Swift-BAT hard X-ray catalogue
includes 1079 (86%) hard X-ray sources with an associated counterpart (26 with
a double association and 2 with a triple association) and 177 BAT excesses
(14%) that still lack a counterpart. The distribution of the BAT sources among
the different object classes consists of 19% Galactic sources, 57%
extragalactic sources, and 10% sources with a counterpart at softer energies
whose nature has not yet been determined. About half of the BAT associated
sources lack a counterpart in the ROSAT catalogues. This suggests that either
moderate or strong absorption may be preventing their detection in the ROSAT
energy band. The comparison of our BAT catalogue with the Fermi Large Area
Telescope First Source Catalogue identifies 59 BAT/Fermi correspondences: 48
blazars, 3 Seyfert galaxies, 1 interacting galaxy, 3 high mass X-ray binaries,
and 4 pulsars/supernova remnants. This small number of correspondences
indicates that different populations make the sky shine in these two different
energy bands
The Swift-BAT hard X-ray sky monitoring unveils the orbital period of the HMXB IGR J16493-4348
IGR J16493-4348 is a supergiant high mass X-ray binary discovered by INTEGRAL
in 2004. The source is detected at a significance level of standard
deviations in the Swift-BAT survey data collected during the first 54 months of
the Swift mission. The timing analysis reveals an orbital period of 6.78
days and the presence of a full eclipse of the compact ob\ ject. The dynamical
range (variability up to a factor 20) observed during the BAT monitoring
suggests that IGR J16493-4348 is a wind-fed system. The derived semi-major axis
of the binary system is \sim55 R_{\sun} with an orbit eccentr\ icity lower
than 0.15.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRA
Timing accuracy of the Swift X-Ray Telescope in WT mode
The X-Ray Telescope (XRT) on board Swift was mainly designed to provide
detailed position, timing and spectroscopic information on Gamma-Ray Burst
(GRB) afterglows. During the mission lifetime the fraction of observing time
allocated to other types of source has been steadily increased. In this paper,
we report on the results of the in-flight calibration of the timing
capabilities of the XRT in Windowed Timing read-out mode. We use observations
of the Crab pulsar to evaluate the accuracy of the pulse period determination
by comparing the values obtained by the XRT timing analysis with the values
derived from radio monitoring. We also check the absolute time reconstruction
measuring the phase position of the main peak in the Crab profile and comparing
it both with the value reported in literature and with the result that we
obtain from a simultaneous Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) observation. We
find that the accuracy in period determination for the Crab pulsar is of the
order of a few picoseconds for the observation with the largest data time span.
The absolute time reconstruction, measured using the position of the Crab main
peak, shows that the main peak anticipates the phase of the position reported
in literature for RXTE by ~270 microseconds on average (~150 microseconds when
data are reduced with the attitude file corrected with the UVOT data). The
analysis of the simultaneous Swift-XRT and RXTE Proportional Counter Array
(PCA) observations confirms that the XRT Crab profile leads the PCA profile by
~200 microseconds. The analysis of XRT Photodiode mode data and BAT event data
shows a main peak position in good agreement with the RXTE, suggesting the
discrepancy observed in XRT data in Windowed Timing mode is likely due to a
systematic offset in the time assignment for this XRT read out mode.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication on
Astronomy&Astrophysic
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