142 research outputs found
Optical parameter measurements of a nO.m liquid crystalline compound
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and density studies for a Schiffâs base liquid crystalline nO.m compound N (4 - n - hexyloxybenzylidine) 4ÂŽ- m - hexylaniline (6O.6) have been carried out. Using the previously reported refractive index data and present density data, the molecular polarizability values for the sample have been obtained. Vuksâ method and Neugebauerâs method have been used to calculate the parallel and perpendicular components of molecular polarizabilities. The calculation of order parameters have been previously done using direct extrapolation method and modified Vuksâ method from the measured refractive indices. The order parameters of the sample have been calculated using the refractive indices and density values following Vuksâ method and Neugebauerâs method. The results obtained have been compared and analysed in detail
Cocaine-Induced Hepatonephrotoxicity: A Case Report
Hepatotoxicity due to cocaine has been well described in animal models. There are few reports on cocaine-induced hepatic injury in humans; however, its link to rhabdomyolysis and renal failure is better known. We report a case of reversible acute hepatonephrotoxicity associated with recreational cocaine use. The proposed mechanisms responsible for its hepatic and renal toxicity are reviewed
PARTAKE survey of public knowledge and perceptions of clinical research in India.
BACKGROUND: A public that is an informed partner in clinical research is important for ethical, methodological, and operational reasons. There are indications that the public is unaware or misinformed, and not sufficiently engaged in clinical research but studies on the topic are lacking. PARTAKE - Public Awareness of Research for Therapeutic Advancements through Knowledge and Empowerment is a program aimed at increasing public awareness and partnership in clinical research. The PARTAKE Survey is a component of the program. OBJECTIVE: To study public knowledge and perceptions of clinical research. METHODS: A 40-item questionnaire combining multiple-choice and open-ended questions was administered to 175 English- or Hindi-speaking individuals in 8 public locations representing various socioeconomic strata in New Delhi, India. RESULTS: Interviewees were 18-84 old (mean: 39.6, SD ± 16.6), 23.6% female, 68.6% employed, 7.3% illiterate, 26.3% had heard of research, 2.9% had participated and 58.9% expressed willingness to participate in clinical research. The following perceptions were reported (% true/% false/% not aware): 'research benefits society' (94.1%/3.5%/2.3%), 'the government protects against unethical clinical research' (56.7%/26.3%/16.9%), 'research hospitals provide better care' (67.2%/8.7%/23.9%), 'confidentiality is adequately protected' (54.1%/12.3%/33.5%), 'participation in research is voluntary' (85.3%/5.8%/8.7%); 'participants treated like 'guinea pigs'' (20.7%/53.2%/26.0%), and 'compensation for participation is adequate' (24.7%/12.9%/62.3%). CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest the Indian public is aware of some key features of clinical research (e.g., purpose, value, voluntary nature of participation), and supports clinical research in general but is unaware of other key features (e.g., compensation, confidentiality, protection of human participants) and exhibits some distrust in the conduct and reporting of clinical trials. Larger, cross-cultural surveys are required to inform educational programs addressing these issues
Root Canal Anatomy of Maxillary and Mandibular Teeth
It is a common knowledge that a comprehensive understanding of the complexity of the internal anatomy of teeth is imperative to ensure successful root canal treatment. The significance of canal anatomy has been emphasized by studies demonstrating that variations in canal geometry before cleaning, shaping, and obturation procedures had a greater effect on the outcome than the techniques themselves. In recent years, significant technological advances for imaging teeth, such as CBCT and micro-CT, respectively, have been introduced. Their noninvasive nature allows to perform in vivo anatomical studies using large populations to address the influence of several variables such as ethnicity, aging, gender, and others, on the root canal anatomy, as well as to evaluate, quantitatively and/or qualitatively, specific and fine anatomical features of a tooth group. The purpose of this chapter is to summarize the morphological aspects of the root canal anatomy published in the literature of all groups of teeth and illustrate with three-dimensional images acquired from micro-CT technology.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Effect of autoclave sterilisation and heat activated sodium hypochlorite irrigation on the performance of nickel-titanium rotary files against cyclic fatigue
The present study aims to assess the impact of heat-activated sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and/or autoclave sterilisation on the cyclic fatigue resistance (CFR) of heat-treated nickel-titanium rotary files used in root canal treatment. The CFR of One Curve (OC) files was evaluated under the following conditions: as received (Group 1; control), immersion in NaOCl at 23 ± 1ÂșC (Group 2), immersion in NaOCl at 60 ± 1ÂșC (Group 3), autoclave sterilisation at 135 1ÂșC (Group 4), combined treatment of autoclave sterilisation and immersion in NaOCl at 23 ± 1ÂșC (Group 5), and combined treatment of autoclave sterilisation and immersion in NaOCl at 60 ± 1ÂșC (Group 6). A simulated root canal in a zirconia block was utilised to test the performance of the files. All the types of treatments resulted in significant reductions in fracture resistance of the OC files. Immersion of the files in NaOCl at 23ÂșC revealed the smallest reduction, while combined treatment of autoclaving and immersion in NaOCl at 60ÂșC caused the greatest reduction. Autoclave sterilisation or exposure of OC files to 2.5% NaOCl adversely affect the cyclic fatigue life and increasing solution temperature or combined treatment caused additionally significant reduction in CFR
- âŠ