Temporal muscle thickness predicts mortality and disability in older adults diagnosed with mild dementia

ANTECEDENTES: La sarcopenia contribuye al aumento de las hospitalizaciones, deterioro cognitivo, caídas y mortalidad por todas las causas. Diagnóstico actual métodos, como la resonancia magnética corporal y la energía dual. La absorciometría de rayos X es costosa y poco práctica. Cabe destacar que no hay Enfoque estandarizado para evaluar la sarcopenia en clínicas de demencia. Nosotros estudió la asociación del grosor del músculo temporal (TMT) con clave Factores pronósticos en personas con enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) y Lewy. Demencia corporal (DLB). MÉTODOS: Utilizamos datos del DemVest, una cohorte longitudinal estudio, e incluyó participantes clínicamente diagnosticados con EA leve o DLB. El TMT se midió mediante resonancias magnéticas iniciales. El resultado principal Las medidas fueron cognición, rendimiento funcional, desnutrición y mortalidad. Se consideraron varios factores demográficos y clínicos como posibles factores de confusión. RESULTADOS: La muestra de AD estuvo compuesta principalmente por mujeres (76,9%), 75,5 años (DE 6,95). La muestra DLB estuvo compuesta mayoritariamente por hombres (63,6%), edad 75,8 (DE 6,85). Al inicio del estudio, el TMT mostró asociación con el rendimiento cognitivo en el grupo DLB (Est.=0,593, valor p=0,049). El análisis longitudinal reveló importantes asociaciones entre TMT y deterioro funcional en DLB (Est. = -0,123, valor p 0,007) y aumento de la mortalidad en toda la muestra(HR=0,815, valor p 0,002), el grupo AD (HR=0,834 valor p=0,031) y el grupo DLB grupo (HR=0,767 valor p=0,019) respectivamente. Estas asociaciones siguió siendo significativo después de ajustar por factores de confusión. CONCLUSIONES: La medición TMT se asoció con la mortalidad. en ambos grupos de demencia, así como con la cognición y la función en DLB. TMT surge como una medida rentable de masa muscular que indica relevancia clínica y utilidad en entornos sanitarios. La implementación de la evaluación TMT podría mejorar la atención al paciente y ayudar a identificar a las personas en riesgo de resultados adversos en la demencia leve. Palabras clave: Sarcopenia, Demencia, Grosor del músculo temporal (TMT), músculo, funcionalidad, desnutrición.Q1Q1BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia contributes to increased hospitalizations, cognitive impairment, falls, and all-cause mortality. Current diagnostic methods, like body Magnetic Resonance Imaging and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, are costly and impractical. Notably, there is no standardized approach for assessing sarcopenia in dementia clinics. We studied the association of temporal muscle thickness (TMT) with key prognostic factors in people with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Lewy body dementia (DLB). METHODS: We utilized data from the DemVest, a longitudinal cohort study, and included participants clinically diagnosed with mild AD or DLB. TMT was measured using baseline MRI scans. The main outcome measures were cognition, functional performance, malnutrition, and mortality. Various demographic and clinical factors were considered as potential confounders. RESULTS: The AD sample was mainly composed by females(76.9%), age 75.5(SD 6.95). The DLB sample was mostly composed by men(63.6%), age 75.8(SD 6.85). At baseline TMT showed significant association with cognitive performance in the DLB group (Est.=0.593, p-value=0.049). The longitudinal analysis revealed significant associations between TMT and functional decline in DLB (Est.=-0.123, p-value 0.007) and increased mortality in the whole sample(HR=0.815, p-value 0.002), the AD group (HR=0.834 p-value=0.031), and the DLB group (HR=0.767 p-value=0.019) respectively. These associations remained significant after adjusting for confounders. CONCLUSIONS: The TMT measurement was associated with mortality in both dementia groups as well as with cognition and function in DLB. TMT emerges as a cost-efficient measure of muscle mass indicating clinical relevance and utility in healthcare settings. Implementing TMT assessment could improve patient care and aid in identifying individuals at risk of adverse outcomes in mild dementia. Key words: Sarcopenia, Dementia, Temporal muscle thickness (TMT), muscle, functionality, malnutrition.https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5832-0603https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=MrICwaMAAAAJ&hl=enhttps://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0001429659Revista Internacional - IndexadaS

Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger

International audienceOn 2017 August 17 a binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor independently detected a gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) with a time delay of $\sim 1.7\,{\rm{s}}$ with respect to the merger time. From the gravitational-wave signal, the source was initially localized to a sky region of 31 deg(2) at a luminosity distance of ${40}_{-8}^{+8}$ Mpc and with component masses consistent with neutron stars. The component masses were later measured to be in the range 0.86 to 2.26 $\,{M}_{\odot }$. An extensive observing campaign was launched across the electromagnetic spectrum leading to the discovery of a bright optical transient (SSS17a, now with the IAU identification of AT 2017gfo) in NGC 4993 (at $\sim 40\,{\rm{Mpc}}$) less than 11 hours after the merger by the One-Meter, Two Hemisphere (1M2H) team using the 1 m Swope Telescope. The optical transient was independently detected by multiple teams within an hour. Subsequent observations targeted the object and its environment. Early ultraviolet observations revealed a blue transient that faded within 48 hours. Optical and infrared observations showed a redward evolution over ∼10 days. Following early non-detections, X-ray and radio emission were discovered at the transient’s position $\sim 9$ and $\sim 16$ days, respectively, after the merger. Both the X-ray and radio emission likely arise from a physical process that is distinct from the one that generates the UV/optical/near-infrared emission. No ultra-high-energy gamma-rays and no neutrino candidates consistent with the source were found in follow-up searches. These observations support the hypothesis that GW170817 was produced by the merger of two neutron stars in NGC 4993 followed by a short gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) and a kilonova/macronova powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei synthesized in the ejecta