Evaluación Energética de Cocinas Mejoradas a través del Método Water Boiling Test 4.2.3

La investigación aborda sobre una línea base de parámetros de eficiencia energética de las cocinas mejoradas existentes en el laboratorio de biomasa, UNI-RUPAP-FTI, utilizando el protocolo Water Boiling Tes 4.2.3 parra el respaldo de la implementación de futuras normas técnicas en Nicaragua

Cultura organizacional y control interno en el sector abarrotero de la ciudad de Villahermosa, Tabasco

The objective of the research is to carry out a comparative analysis of the organizational culture and internal control in two commercial-grocery companies in the Gaviotas Sur neighborhood, in the city of Villahermosa, Tabasco. The research is of descriptive-analytical type with quantitative approach, considering a census population composed of 20 collaborators for the analysis and understanding of their effectiveness and efficiency that these two elements have, in which the work team composed of 10 employees of both companies participated. The results are obtained through surveys that included dimensions of values, teamwork, leadership and control. The results are similar between both grocery companies, thus demonstrating the high competence and importance of organizational culture and internal control. It is concluded that, in a business context, these variables have great value as they are taken as the main bases for business growth, and their adequate management of these variables implies great benefits for a better development of the company.El objetivo de la investigación es realizar un análisis comparativo de la cultura organizacional y el control interno en dos empresas de giro comercial-abarrotero en la colonia Gaviotas Sur, de la ciudad de Villahermosa, Tabasco. La investigación es de tipo descriptivo-analítico con enfoque cuantitativa, considerando una población censal compuesta por 20 colaboradores para el análisis y comprensión de su eficacia y eficiencia que tienen estos dos elementos, en las cuales participaron el equipo de trabajo compuesto por 10 empleados de ambas empresas. Los resultados se obtienen mediante encuestas que contaron con dimensiones de valores, trabajo en equipo, liderazgo y control. Los resultados son similares entre ambas abarroteras, demostrando así, la alta competencia e importancia de la cultura organizacional y control interno. Se concluye que, en contexto empresarial dichas variables tienen gran valor al ser tomadas como bases principales para el crecimiento empresarial, así como su adecuado manejo de estas variables, implica grandes beneficios para un mejor desarrollo de la empresa

La afectación emocional causada por el COVID en estudiantes del área de salud

Covid 19 has caused several difficulties in different areas of life such as economic and social, as well as family and school. This is due to the confinement. Although it has diminished, it has not ended at all. This phenomenon has caused a variety of psychological issues such as depression, sleep disorder, annoyance, panic, among others. There is a set of signs and mood changes that portrays emotional symptoms such as general malaise, excessive worries derived from the changes in home daily life. This work has a quantitative, descriptive, transversal, and non-experimental approach. The sample consists of 211 health area students who has experience negative emotional effects such as worrying of returning to face-to-face classes, fear of losing the school cycle, fear of contagion, tension and anxiety caused by the confinement. All the previously mentioned before has relations with covid 19.El Covid-19 ha provocado diversas dificultades en los diferentes ámbitos de la vida, tanto económica, social, familiar y escolar por el confinamiento que, aunque ha disminuido no ha concluido, provocando efectos psicológicos como depresión, estrés, ansiedad, ira, trastornos de pánico, trastornos del sueño, fastidio, entre otros. Entre los diferentes síntomas emocionales existe un conjunto de señales y permutas en el estado de ánimo, malestar, miedo natural hasta excesivas preocupaciones debido al cambio de hábitos en el hogar. El trabajo tiene un enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal no experimental, con una muestra por conveniencia de 211 estudiantes del área de salud en donde se pueden observar efectos emocionales como sentimientos negativos, miedo al regreso a clases presenciales, miedo a perder el ciclo escolar, miedo al contagio, ansiedad por el confinamiento, tensión, todos relacionados con el Covid -19

Estrategias de marketing en tiempos de Covid-19 en Empresas del sureste mexicano

The changes in the environment are a strong challenge that makes take a decision necessary in this year of 2020. The situation about Pandemic COVID-19 affected all sectors in a historic event that puts the operation of many companies in the world at risk, in an important way, strategic marketing provides the direction to face the changes and helps to know the strategies focused from the Marketing Mix. The study carried out 26 interviews with entrepreneurs from urban and rural areas in Situ, in addition a Likert-type questionnaire was applied to 38 companies, all with the purpose of making a description of the affectation and the main strategies, concluding that certain types of business and in rural areas the impact was less, with the market being the most helpful Marketing Mix strategy.Los cambios constantes en el entorno son un fuerte reto que hace necesaria la toma de decisiones y en este año de 2020 sin duda alguna la situación de la pandemia COVID-19 afectó a todos los sectores en un evento histórico que pone en riesgo el funcionamiento de un gran número de empresas en el mundo, de manera importante el marketing estratégico brinda la dirección para enfrentar los cambios y ayuda a conocer las estrategias enfocadas desde el Marketing Mix. El estudio llevó a cabo 26 entrevistas con empresarios de zonas urbanas y rurales in Situ, además se aplicó un cuestionario tipo Likert a 38 empresas, todo esto con la finalidad de hacer una descripción de la afectación y de las principales estrategias concluyendo que determinados tipos de negocio y en zonas rurales el impacto fue menor, siendo la plaza la estrategia del Marketing Mix más socorrida

Síndrome de West: factores etiológicos

Este artículo recoge los resultados de un estudio retrospectivo de 20 niños diagnosticados con Síndrome de West entre 1993 y 2001. Se analizan las causas y se describen los métodos diagnósticos empleados, tratamiento y evolución. Se comparan los resultados con otro estudio realizado entre 1975 y 1986 en el mismo hospital

Formulation and optimization of polymeric nanoparticles loaded with riolozatrione: a promising nanoformulation with potential anti-herpetic activity

Riolozatrione (RZ) is a diterpenoid compound isolated from a dichloromethane extract of the Jatropha dioica root. This compound has been shown to possess moderate anti-herpetic activity in vitro. However, because of the poor solubility of this compound in aqueous vehicles, generating a stable formulation for potential use in the treatment of infection is challenging. The aim of this work was to optimize and physiochemically characterize Eudragit® L100-55-based polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with RZ (NPR) for in vitro anti-herpetic application. The NPs formulation was initially optimized using the dichloromethane extract of J. dioica, the major component of which was RZ. The optimized NPR formulation was stable, with a size of 263 nm, polydispersity index < 0.2, the zeta potential of –37 mV, and RZ encapsulation efficiency of 89 %. The NPR showed sustained release of RZ for 48 h with release percentages of 95 and 97 % at neutral and slightly acidic pH, respectively. Regarding in vitro anti-herpetic activity, the optimized NPR showed a selectivity index for HSV-1 of ≈16 and for HSV-2 of 13

Diversidad de hongos micorrícicos arbusculares en maíz con cultivo de cobertura y biofertilizantes en Chiapas, México

The present work was conducted with the objective of know the density, abundance and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizalfungi (AMF) associated with maize (Zea mays L.) in plots that have been managed with low incomes of external inputsgreen manure/cover crop (AVCC) and biofertilizers. The work was conducted in seven farmer plots with maize crop, ofwhich three have been managed with nescafe bean (Mucuna deeringiana Merr.) as AVCC and four without such antecedentof managing. In each plot were established four treatments of biofertilization: 1) inoculation with AMF, 2) foliar applicationof organic fertilizer, 3) mycorrhizal inoculation with foliar organic fertilizer, and 4) control, which were ordered under arandomized complete block design with seven replications. In total we identified 23 morphospecies, 14 of which werecarried at level of species, being Glomus and Acaulospora the dominant genera. The number of species in plots with AVCCwas 50% higher than without AVCC. In the plots with AVCC was found 91.3% of morphospecies of AMF, while in plotswithout AVCC the 60.9%. The percentage of mycorrhizal colonization was not significantly different (p=0.7630) betweenplots with and without AVCC, but the colonization level was higher with mycorrhizal inoculation (86.6%) that in the control(71%). We conclude that AVCC and inoculation with mycorrhizae had a positive effect on species diversity of AMF androot colonization, respectively.El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo conocer la densidad, abundancia y diversidad de especies de hongos micorrízicosarbusculares (HMA) asociadas al cultivo de maíz (Zea mays L.) en parcelas que han sido manejadas con bajos ingresos deinsumos externos y evaluar su respuesta a la aplicación de abono verde/cultivo de cobertura (AVCC) y biofertilizantes. Eltrabajo se realizó en siete parcelas de productores de maíz, de las cuales tres han sido manejadas con frijol nescafé (Mucunadeeringiana Merr.) como AVCC y cuatro sin dicho antecedente de manejo. En cada una de las parcelas se establecieroncuatro tratamientos de biofertilización: 1) inoculación con micorriza arbuscular, 2) aplicación de fertilizante orgánico foliar,3) inoculación con micorriza + fertilizante orgánico foliar, y 4) testigo, los cuales se ordenaron bajo un diseño de bloquescompletos al azar con siete repeticiones. En total se identificaron 23 morfoespecies, de las cuales 14 se llevaron a nivelde especie, siendo Glomus y Acaulospora los géneros predominantes. El número de especies con AVCC superó en 50%al obtenido sin AVCC. En las parcelas con AVCC se encontró el 91,3% de morfoespecies de HMA, mientras que enlas parcelas sin AVCC el 60,9%. El porcentaje de colonización micorrízica no varió significativamente (p=0,7630) entreparcelas con y sin AVCC, sin embargo el nivel de colonización fue más alto con inoculación de micorrizas (86,6%) que enel testigo (71%). Se concluye que el AVCC y la inoculación con micorrizas tuvieron un efecto positivo en la diversidad deespecies de HMA y en la colonización de la raíz, respectivamente

Neonatal retroauricular cellulitis as an indicator of group B streptococcal bacteremia: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>The relation between cellulitis and Group B streptococcus infection in newborns and small infants was first reported during the early 1980s and named cellulitis-adenitis syndrome. We report a case of a neonate with cellulitis-adenitis syndrome in an unusual location (retroauricular).</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>A 21-day-old Caucasian female infant was brought to the emergency department with fever, irritability and a decreased appetite. Physical examination revealed erythema and painful, mild swelling in the right retroauricular region. The blood count and C-reactive protein level were normal. She was treated with ceftriaxone. The fever and irritability were resolved after 24 hours, and the cellulitis was clearly reduced after two days of hospitalization. Blood culture yielded Group B streptococcus.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>A thorough evaluation must be done, and lumbar punctures for infants with cellulitis must be considered. We emphasize the lack of data about acute phase reactants to predict bacteremia and meningitis and to adjust the duration of parenteral antibiotic therapy to address this syndrome.</p

Pictogram Evaluation Process: Andalusian Accessible Signage Catalogue

Todas las personas necesitan apoyarse en elementos del contexto para desenvolverse por los entornos de manera autónoma. Esta necesidad se concreta en apoyos específicos cuando las personas tienen dificultades en comprensión permanentes o circunstanciales. Para que un contexto sea accesible universal y cognitivamente se emplean pictogramas para identificar los entornos. Estos pictogramas constituyen una señalética que debe ser validada por procesos estandarizados como describe la Normativa ISO-9186. El objetivo del estudio fue ampliar la base de pictogramas disponibles para la señalización de edificios y evaluar su diseño accesible. Los datos se recogieron por entrevista online y por formulario autocompletado online, en dos fases, la evaluación de la comprensibilidad y la translucidez, así como la calidad perceptual de los pictogramas. Un total de 1462 personas evaluaron la comprensión de los pictogramas y 270 su calidad perceptiva. Dicha muestra incluye participantes de diferentes colectivos y perfiles cognitivos. Se evaluaron 151 pictogramas y fueron 55 los seleccionados por cumplir criterios de comprensión, translucidez y calidad perceptiva. Este resultado supone una contribución relevante a las bases de pictogramas de uso público y privado existentes y aporta recursos señaléticos validados que pueden beneficiar a todas las personas facilitando la accesibilidad cognitiva en los espacios.Everyone needs to rely on elements in their context to move around their own environment with independence. People with permanent or temporary comprehension difficulties need specific support to be able to do so. Pictograms are some of the supports that can render a context cognitively and universally accessible. They are signs which need to be validated using standardized norms such as ISO 9186. This study aimed to increase the number of pictograms available for signposting buildings, and to evaluate their accessibility. Data were collected both via online interviews and self-administered questionnaires, in two phases: assessment of comprehensibility and translucency, and perceptual quality. A total of 1462 participants assessed the pictograms’ comprehension and 270 evaluated their perceptual quality. The sample included individuals of different groups and cognitive profiles. One hundred and fifty one pictograms were evaluated and 55 were selected after fulfilling comprehension, translucency, and perceptual quality criteria. The study is a relevant contribution to the database of pictograms available for use in private and public buildings and provides a group of validated signs that can benefit everyone by facilitating cognitive accessibility in spatial environments

Evaluation of procalcitonin for diagnosis of neonatal sepsis of vertical transmission

BACKGROUND: The results of recent studies suggest the usefulness of PCT for early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis, with varying results. The aim of this prospective multicenter study was to determine the behavior of serum PCT concentrations in both uninfected and infected neonates, and to assess the value of this marker for diagnosis of neonatal sepsis of vertical transmission. METHODS: PCT was measured in 827 blood samples collected prospectively from 317 neonates admitted to 13 acute-care teaching hospitals in Spain over one year. Serum PCT concentrations were determined by a specific immunoluminometric assay. The diagnostic efficacy of PCT at birth and within 12–24 h and 36–48 h of life was evaluated calculating the sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratio of positive and negative results. RESULTS: 169 asymptomatic newborns and 148 symptomatic newborns (confirmed vertical sepsis: 31, vertical clinical sepsis: 38, non-infectious diseases: 79) were studied. In asymptomatic neonates, PCT values at 12–24 h were significantly higher than at birth and at 36–48 h of life. Resuscitation at birth and chorioamnionitis were independently associated to PCT values. Neonates with confirmed vertical sepsis showed significantly higher PCT values than those with clinical sepsis. PCT thresholds for the diagnosis of sepsis were 0.55 ng/mL at birth (sensitivity 75.4%, specificity 72.3%); 4.7 ng/mL within 12–24 h of life (sensitivity 73.8%, specificity 80.8%); and 1.7 ng/mL within 36–48 h of life (sensitivity 77.6%, specificity 79.2%). CONCLUSION: Serum PCT was moderately useful for the detection of sepsis of vertical transmission, and its reliability as a maker of bacterial infection requires specific cutoff values for each evaluation point over the first 48 h of life