Effect of nitrogen and potassium on gaseous exchange and biomass distribution in basil (Ocimum basillicum L.)

1 recurso en línea (páginas 192-201).Basil is considered a promising plant of recent exploitation in Colombia, but among the limitations for its expansion, counts the implementation of a nutrition plan with the application of nitrogen and potassium, which result in increased and sustainable production. The objective was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen and potassium on the gaseous exchange variables and biomass gain and harvest index (HF) of a basil crop, hybrid Nufar F. This research was carried out under greenhouse conditions in the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the University of Córdoba, Colombia. In order to optimize the response variables, a Box Bernard matrix was used, increased to 3 (2k + 2k + 2k + 1 + 1) to obtain the combinations of nitrogen and potassium necessary for this research. Among the gaseous exchange variables evaluated were: the rate of photosynthesis, the stomatal conductance and the internal CO2 concentration. As for the biomass, the dry mass of the roots, stem, and leaves and the harvest index were evaluated. The most relevant results indicated that the maximum rate of photosynthesis (17.3 μmol CO2 m-2 s-1) was observed when applying 190 kg ha-1 N and 12.5 kg ha-1 K, while the stomatal conductance was higher (65.13 mmol CO2 m-2 s-1) with the same dose of N but with doses of 237.5 kg ha-1 of K. The highest value of the dry mass of the roots, stem and leaves was found with the maximum dose of N (190 kg ha-1) although, for potassium, the combinations that promoted the highest accumulation of biomass were differential for the roots, stem and leaves (180.69, 237.5 and 12.5 kg ha-1, respectively).La albahaca es considerada una planta promisoria de reciente explotación en Colombia, pero entre las limitaciones para su expansión, se encuentra la implementación de un plan de nutrición con la aplicación de nitrógeno y potasio, que permita el incremento y sostenibilidad de la producción. El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar el efecto de la fertilización con nitrógeno y potasio sobre variables de intercambio gaseoso, ganancia de biomasa e índice de cosecha (IC) de la albahaca (Ocimum basillicum L.) cv. Nufar F1. La investigación fue realizada en condiciones de umbráculo en la Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas de la Universidad de Córdoba, Colombia. Se utilizó una matriz Box-Berard aumentada 3 (2k+2k+2k+1+1), para la obtención de combinaciones de nitrógeno y potasio. Las respuestas de intercambio gaseoso evaluadas fueron: tasa de fotosíntesis, conductancia estomática y concentración interna de CO2. En cuanto a biomasa, se evaluó masa seca de raíz, tallo, hoja e índice de cosecha. Los resultados más relevantes indicaron que las máximas tasas de fotosíntesis (17,3 μmol CO2 m-2 s-1) fue observada aplicando 190 kg ha-1 N y 12,5 kg ha-1 K, en tanto que la conductancia estomática fue mayor (65,13 mmol CO2 m-2 s-1), con la misma dosis de N pero con dosis de K de 237,5 kg ha-1. Los valores más altos de masa seca de raíces, tallos y hojas fueron encontradas con las máximas dosis de N (190 kg ha-1), aunque para el potasio las combinaciones que incrementaron la mayor acumulación de biomasa en raíces, tallos y hojas fueron 180,69; 237,5 y 12,5 kg ha-1, respectivamente.Bibliografía y webgrafía: páginas 199-20

Capacidad de infección de hongos asociados a la pudrición seca de los Tubérculos de Ñame : Fungal infection

Dry rot of tubers is one of the most devastating diseases in yam production (Dioscorea rotundata Poir.) in the Caribbean region of Colombia. The disease attacks tubers causing production losses during the crop. In previous experiments, 11 fungal morphotypes were isolated and associated with this disease in yam crops in the Caribbean region of Colombia. The present investigation was carried out under greenhouse conditions to determine the infection capacity of these 11 possible causative agents, in 150-day-old plants of two yam genetic materials (0307-49SB y 0307-50CB). The results indicated that morphotypes DH2 (Lasiodiplodia theobromae), DH11 (Curvularia aeria), DH20 (Aspergillus niger), and DH17 (Fusarium equiseti), showed the highest infection capacity to yam tubers, regardless of the genetic material, therefore, they were considered as the main causal agents of the disease in the Caribbean region of Colombia. The remaining seven (7) morphotypes, despite having been inoculated in the roots of the plants, showed minor effects on tubers and affected other organs of the plant, especially stems and aerial part of yam plant. This study allows concentrating the research on these four morphotypes to develop crop management strategies that might allow reducing the incidence of this disease in the Caribbean region of Colombia.La pudrición seca de los tubérculos es una de las enfermedades más devastadoras en la producción de ñame espino (Dioscorea rotundata Poir.) en la región Caribe de Colombia.  Esta enfermedad ataca los tubérculos ocasionando pérdidas de producción durante el cultivo. En previos experimentos se lograron aislar e identificar 11 morfotipos de hongos asociados a esta enfermedad en cultivos de ñame en la región Caribe de Colombia. La presente investigación se llevó a cabo bajo condiciones de invernadero con el objeto de determinar la capacidad de infección de estos 11 posibles agentes causales, mediante inoculación en plantas de 150 días de edad, en dos materiales genéticos de ñame espino (0307-49SB y 0307-50CB). Los resultados mostraron que los morfotipos DH2 (Lasiodiplodia theobromae), DH11 (Curvularia aeria), DH20 (Aspergillus niger), and DH17 (Fusarium equiseti), mostraron la mayor capacidad de infección a los tubérculos de ñame, independientemente de los materiales genéticos, por lo que se consideraron como los principales agentes causales de la enfermedad en la región Caribe de Colombia. Los restantes siete (7) morfotipos, a pesar de haber sido inoculados en las raíces de las plantas, mostraron efectos menores sobre los tubérculos y otros afectaron órganos distintos de la planta, especialmente los tallos y la parte aérea de la planta de ñame. Este estudio permite concentrar la investigación en estos cuatro morfotipos a fin de desarrollar planes de manejo que permitan disminuir la incidencia de esta enfermedad en la región Caribe de Colombia

Performance of a modular ton-scale pixel-readout liquid argon time projection chamber

International audienceThe Module-0 Demonstrator is a single-phase 600 kg liquid argon time projection chamber operated as a prototype for the DUNE liquid argon near detector. Based on the ArgonCube design concept, Module-0 features a novel 80k-channel pixelated charge readout and advanced high-coverage photon detection system. In this paper, we present an analysis of an eight-day data set consisting of 25 million cosmic ray events collected in the spring of 2021. We use this sample to demonstrate the imaging performance of the charge and light readout systems as well as the signal correlations between the two. We also report argon purity and detector uniformity measurements, and provide comparisons to detector simulations

Performance of a modular ton-scale pixel-readout liquid argon time projection chamber

International audienceThe Module-0 Demonstrator is a single-phase 600 kg liquid argon time projection chamber operated as a prototype for the DUNE liquid argon near detector. Based on the ArgonCube design concept, Module-0 features a novel 80k-channel pixelated charge readout and advanced high-coverage photon detection system. In this paper, we present an analysis of an eight-day data set consisting of 25 million cosmic ray events collected in the spring of 2021. We use this sample to demonstrate the imaging performance of the charge and light readout systems as well as the signal correlations between the two. We also report argon purity and detector uniformity measurements, and provide comparisons to detector simulations

Performance of a modular ton-scale pixel-readout liquid argon time projection chamber

The Module-0 Demonstrator is a single-phase 600 kg liquid argon time projection chamber operated as a prototype for the DUNE liquid argon near detector. Based on the ArgonCube design concept, Module-0 features a novel 80k-channel pixelated charge readout and advanced high-coverage photon detection system. In this paper, we present an analysis of an eight-day data set consisting of 25 million cosmic ray events collected in the spring of 2021. We use this sample to demonstrate the imaging performance of the charge and light readout systems as well as the signal correlations between the two. We also report argon purity and detector uniformity measurements, and provide comparisons to detector simulations

Performance of a modular ton-scale pixel-readout liquid argon time projection chamber

International audienceThe Module-0 Demonstrator is a single-phase 600 kg liquid argon time projection chamber operated as a prototype for the DUNE liquid argon near detector. Based on the ArgonCube design concept, Module-0 features a novel 80k-channel pixelated charge readout and advanced high-coverage photon detection system. In this paper, we present an analysis of an eight-day data set consisting of 25 million cosmic ray events collected in the spring of 2021. We use this sample to demonstrate the imaging performance of the charge and light readout systems as well as the signal correlations between the two. We also report argon purity and detector uniformity measurements, and provide comparisons to detector simulations