22,538 research outputs found
Generating functional analysis of complex formation and dissociation in large protein interaction networks
We analyze large systems of interacting proteins, using techniques from the
non-equilibrium statistical mechanics of disordered many-particle systems.
Apart from protein production and removal, the most relevant microscopic
processes in the proteome are complex formation and dissociation, and the
microscopic degrees of freedom are the evolving concentrations of unbound
proteins (in multiple post-translational states) and of protein complexes. Here
we only include dimer-complexes, for mathematical simplicity, and we draw the
network that describes which proteins are reaction partners from an ensemble of
random graphs with an arbitrary degree distribution. We show how generating
functional analysis methods can be used successfully to derive closed equations
for dynamical order parameters, representing an exact macroscopic description
of the complex formation and dissociation dynamics in the infinite system
limit. We end this paper with a discussion of the possible routes towards
solving the nontrivial order parameter equations, either exactly (in specific
limits) or approximately.Comment: 14 pages, to be published in Proc of IW-SMI-2009 in Kyoto (Journal of
Phys Conference Series
Entropy and Entanglement in Quantum Ground States
We consider the relationship between correlations and entanglement in gapped
quantum systems, with application to matrix product state representations. We
prove that there exist gapped one-dimensional local Hamiltonians such that the
entropy is exponentially large in the correlation length, and we present strong
evidence supporting a conjecture that there exist such systems with arbitrarily
large entropy. However, we then show that, under an assumption on the density
of states which is believed to be satisfied by many physical systems such as
the fractional quantum Hall effect, that an efficient matrix product state
representation of the ground state exists in any dimension. Finally, we comment
on the implications for numerical simulation.Comment: 7 pages, no figure
Aplicación del modelo entidad-relación a la definición de datos y al establecimiento de relaciones en el diseño de una base de datos de información de actualidad
On topological phases of spin chains
Symmetry protected topological phases of one-dimensional spin systems have
been classified using group cohomology. In this paper, we revisit this problem
for general spin chains which are invariant under a continuous on-site symmetry
group G. We evaluate the relevant cohomology groups and find that the
topological phases are in one-to-one correspondence with the elements of the
fundamental group of G if G is compact, simple and connected and if no
additional symmetries are imposed. For spin chains with symmetry
PSU(N)=SU(N)/Z_N our analysis implies the existence of N distinct topological
phases. For symmetry groups of orthogonal, symplectic or exceptional type we
find up to four different phases. Our work suggests a natural generalization of
Haldane's conjecture beyond SU(2).Comment: 18 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. Version v2 corresponds to the
published version. It includes minor revisions, additional references and an
application to cold atom system
Electronic heat current rectification in hybrid superconducting devices
In this work, we review and expand recent theoretical proposals for the
realization of electronic thermal diodes based on tunnel-junctions of normal
metal and superconducting thin films. Starting from the basic rectifying
properties of a single hybrid tunnel junction, we will show how the
rectification efficiency can be largely increased by combining multiple
junctions in an asymmetric chain of tunnel-coupled islands. We propose three
different designs, analyzing their performance and their potential advantages.
Besides being relevant from a fundamental physics point of view, this kind of
devices might find important technological application as fundamental building
blocks in solid-state thermal nanocircuits and in general-purpose cryogenic
electronic applications requiring energy management.Comment: 9 pages, 5 color figure
Local Unitary Quantum Cellular Automata
In this paper we present a quantization of Cellular Automata. Our formalism
is based on a lattice of qudits, and an update rule consisting of local unitary
operators that commute with their own lattice translations. One purpose of this
model is to act as a theoretical model of quantum computation, similar to the
quantum circuit model. It is also shown to be an appropriate abstraction for
space-homogeneous quantum phenomena, such as quantum lattice gases, spin chains
and others. Some results that show the benefits of basing the model on local
unitary operators are shown: universality, strong connections to the circuit
model, simple implementation on quantum hardware, and a wealth of applications.Comment: To appear in Physical Review
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