Design of High Performance and Energy Efficient Explicit Pulsed Sense Amplifier Based Flip-Flop

In this paper, we have presented a new design of explicit pulsed sense amplifier based flip-flop (SAFF) which gives high performance parameters. The most important factors need to be considered while designing efficient circuits are low power with less delay .Our proposed design attracted these performance parameters due to its design using GDI technique. Different topologies along with their layout simulations have been compared with respect to power consumption, delay and temperature sustainability in order to prove the superiority of proposed design. The simulation has been carried out on Tanner EDA tool on BSIM3v3 45nm technology

The role of Artificial Intelligence, Big Data and the Internet of Things in the acceleration of circular economy

Abstract. Circular economy is the alternative to the current linear (make, use, dispose) model. In business model literature, circular economy has emerged recently, affirming more practical methods to solving business challenges and developing innovative solutions for business processes, directly concerning the climate crisis. Circular business models propose to change the product-oriented business models in which the main objective of firms is maximizing profits by the number of products sold, to a service-based business model in which firms make profits by the services they offer. In this context, business models like Product-Service Systems have been identified as enablers of Circular Economy in companies. As a result of this, data and digital technologies presented by Industry 4.0 or the 4th Industrial Revolution, have proven to be tremendous catalysts of circular economy for industries. But despite this knowledge there is very limited implementation of circular economy processes and of Industry 4.0 tools for its acceleration. Academic literature highlighting the specific co-relation of digital technologies to Circular Economy is also limited. There is still a lot of scope to explore the nexus of these topics, by academicians and industry alike. In an attempt to bridge this gap, this study aims to provide an analysis in the role played by Industry 4.0 tools, especially Artificial Intelligence, Big Data and the Internet of Things, in the implementation and acceleration of Circular Economy. Based on the findings of the empirical research, the role of the selected Industry 4.0 tools is examined and discussed

Numerical modelling of the stress strain behaviour of Kuttanad clay.

Soil has been used as a construction material since antiquity with both success and failure. As the earth material is widely available and relatively economical, it has been found very useful in the construction of foundations, subgrades, embankments and as backfill. The collapsibility of soil is mainly due to the decrease of shear strength and macro-deformation with the increase of moisture content. This can result in some serious problems, such as the differential settlement of the foundation, landslides, and slope instability, resulting in a series of damages of infrastructures and loss of human lives to some degree. Fine-grained soils are the most complicated engineering material. These clays are characterized by high compressibility, low shear strength and high percentage of organic matter, which are unfavourable from the geotechnical point of view. It is of great importance in civil engineering to make realistic predictions of the behaviour of soil under various conditions. Studying the effect of moisture content on the shear strength of cohesive soil during different confining pressure helps to find a relationship between them. Triaxial tests under unconsolidated undrained conditions are carried out at different moisture contents, each at four different confining pressures (50, 100, 150, and 200 kPa). The relation of stress and strain of soils is analysed using the hyperbolic mathematical model which can provide a brief idea about how soil will behave under different conditions. Mathematical equations were determined based on the hyperbolic mathematical model to predict the stress-strain behaviour of Kuttanad soil. Comparison of measured and predicted stress – strain curves for an additional group of  soil sample with 37.22 % moisture content shows that the proposed moisture content-dependent hyperbolic model provides good prediction of stress-strain behaviour of cohesive Kuttanad soil. The accuracy of the developed model is tested by employing Coefficient of determination (R2). Keywords— Shear strength, Triaxial test, Clay, Hyperbolic, Moisture conten

A review on modelling of the stress-strain behaviour of soil.

Soil has been used as a construction material since antiquity with both success and failure. As the earth material is widely available and relatively economical, it has been found very useful in the construction of foundations, subgrades, embankments and as backfill. The collapsibility of soil is mainly due to the decrease of shear strength and macro-deformation with the increase of moisture content. This can result in some serious problems, such as the differential settlement of the foundation, landslides, and slope instability, resulting in a series of damages of infrastructures and loss of human lives to some degree. In civil engineering, it is very important to make realistic predictions of the behaviour of soil under various conditions. Triaxial tests are to be carried out to study soil behaviour. The results will indicate the shear damage characteristics during the test. The relation of stress and strain of soils can be expressed using constitutive models. It can provide a brief idea about how soil will behave under different conditions. Application of Neural Network can be used to develop a data-driven constitutive modelling of the soil. Keywords- Shear strength, Triaxial test, moisture content, constitutive mode

An Economic Analysis of Sugarcane Cultivation and its Productivity in Major Sugar Producing States of Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra

An effort has been made in this study to examine the trends in area, production, productivity, costs, returns and profitability of sugarcane and to determine the factors which are contributing toward productivity of sugarcane in major sugar producing states of Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra. It has been observed that area expansion has significantly contributed towards increased production of sugarcane but productivity has remained stagnant. Cost of cultivation of sugarcane also witnessed increasing trend and due to much higher use of inputs, it was found to be higher for Maharashtra than Uttar Pradesh. However growth of value of output has outpaced the growth of cost of cultivation and thus rising trend of profitability was observed and was higher for Uttar Pradesh as compared to that of Maharashtra. The study found the positive and significant contribution of human labour, machine, fertilizers, insecticides and size of plot towards productivity of sugarcane and thus efficient management of these inputs can certainly led to increasing the productivity of sugarcane in India