Evaluation of the relationship between the topographical anatomy in the axillary region of the brachial plexus and the body mass index

WOS: 000439345200023PubMed ID: 28871408To investigate the topographic anatomy of the median, musculocutaneous, radial and ulnar nerves with respect to the axillary artery and to seek whether these configurations are associated with baseline descriptive data including age, gender, and body-mass index. This cross-sectional trial was carried out on 199 patients (85 women, 114 men; average age: 46.78 +/- 15.45 years) in the department of anaesthesiology and reanimation of a tertiary care center. Topographic anatomy of the median, musculocutaneous, radial and ulnar nerves was assessed with ultrasonography. Localization of these nerves with respect to the axillary artery was marked on the map demonstrating 16 zones around the axillary artery. Frequencies of localizations of every nerve in these zones were recorded, and the correlation of these locations with descriptive data including age, gender and BMI was investigated. There was no difference between women and men for the distribution of the median (p = 0.74), ulnar (p = 0.35) and radial (p = 0.64) nerves. However, the musculocutaneous nerve was more commonly located in Zone A13 in men compared to women (p = 0.02). The localization of the median (p = 0.85), ulnar (p = 0.27) and radial (p = 0.88) nerves did not differ remarkably between patients with BMI < 25 kg/m(2) and patients with BMI 25 kg/m(2). Notably, the musculocutaneous nerve was more often determined in Zone A10 in cases with BMI 25 kg/m(2) (p = 0.001). Our results imply that the alignment of the musculocutaneous nerve may vary in men and overweight people. This fact must be considered by the anaesthetist before planning the axillary block of brachial plexus. All these informations may enlighten the planning stages of the brachial plexus blockade

Avaliação da inteligência moral de professionais de saúde via “Levantamento para Medir a Inteligência Moral na Provisão de Serviços de Cuidados à Saúde”

Moral intelligence -through which an individual makes mental evaluation before taking action about a decision- is important in individual-centered healthcare. Using Lawshe Method, we designed the “Survey for Measuring Moral Intelligence in the Provision of Healthcare Services” with “equality”, “empathy”, “moral intelligence”, “justice”, “tolerance”, “self-control”, and “politeness” dimensions (α=.966). Age of the population (physicians and nurses) was 36.44±9.52, consisting 517 (65.5%) women, 538 married participants, 653 employed in public hospitals, and 352 had work experience of 8 hours/day. Using dimensions of this survey as skills is expected to ensure due diligence about rights and dignity in healthcare services.La inteligencia moral, mediante la cual un individuo realiza una evaluación mental antes de tomar medidas sobre una decisión, es importante en la atención médica centrada en el individuo. Usando el método Lawshe, diseñamos la “Encuesta para medir la inteligencia moral en la provisión de servicios de salud” con dimensiones de “igualdad”, “empatía”, “inteligencia moral”, “justicia”, “tolerancia”, “autocontrol” y “cortesía” (α=.966). La edad de la población (médicos y enfermeras) era de 36.44±9.52, que consistía en 517 (65,5%) mujeres, 538 participantes casados, 653 empleados en hospitales públicos y 352 tenían una experiencia laboral de 8 horas/día. Se espera que el uso de las dimensiones de esta encuesta como habilidades garantice la debida diligencia sobre los derechos y la dignidad en los servicios de atención médica.Inteligência moral —através da qual um individuo faz uma avaliação mental antes de agir frente a uma decisão— é importante em cuidados à saúde centrados na pessoa. Usando o Método Lawshe, nós elaboramos o “Levantamento para Medir a Inteligência Moral na Provisão de Serviços de Cuidados à Saúde” com as dimensões “igualdade”, “empatia”, “inteligência moral”, “justiça”, “tolerância”, “autocontrole” e “polidez (α=.966). A idade da população (médicos e enfermeiras) foi 36.44±9.52 anos, consistindo de 517 (65.5%) mulheres, 538 participantes casados, 653 empregados em hospitais públicos e 352 tinham experiência de trabalho 8 horas/dia. Usando dimensões deste levantamento como habilidades, espera-se que garanta a devida presteza sobre direitos e dignidade em serviços de cuidados à saúde

Comparison of corticosteroid injection and ozone injection for relief of pain in chronic lateral epicondylitis

AbstractPurpose: To evaluate and compare the therapeutic effects of corticosteroid and ozone injections in the alleviation of pain associated with chronic lateral epicondylitis .Methods: Data was collected from the medical records of 80 patients (56 women, 24 men; average age: 45.8±7.5). Corticosteroid injection was performed once a week for three times, and ozone was injected 6-8 times at 3 day intervals. No additional analgesics were given. Pain assessment was made by means of Verhaar scores before and after the first injection, on 3rd, 6th and 9th months.Results: The duration of pain was 24.4±12.5 months and the right side was more commonly affected (47, 58.8% vs. 33, 41.2%). Corticosteroid and ozone groups were similar with respect to age (p=0.45), gender distribution (p=0.43) and side of epicondylitis (p=0.88). Pain scores at rest, at compression and on activity were not different in two groups before and following injection. Notably, ozone group displayed better scores compared to corticosteroid in terms of pain on 3rd, 6th and 9th months after injection (p&lt;0.001 for all).Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that ozone injection can be an effective therapeutic option for CLE patients who are refractory to conservative treatment

COULD OZONE TREATMENT BE A PROMISING ALTERNATIVE FOR OSTEOMYELITIS? AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the biochemical and histopathological impact of ozone treatment in an experimental model of osteomyelitis in rats. Methods: A total of 24 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (3 months old, each weighing 300 to 400 g) were randomly allocated into three groups. Group I (n=8) served as a control and received no interventions or medications. In Group II (n=8), osteomyelitis was induced in the femur and no treatment was applied. Group III (n=8) received intraperitoneal ozone treatment for 3 weeks after the formation of osteomyelitis in the femur. Serum samples were taken to assess total antioxidant capacity (TAC), protein carbonyl content (PCO), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Bone specimens obtained from the femur were histopathologically evaluated for inflammation, necrosis, osteomyelitis, and abscess formation. Results: Serum TAC levels were notably higher (p<0.001), while LDH levels were lower (p=0.002) in Group III than Group II. No significant difference was detected between groups with respect to PCO level. Similarly, Group III displayed more favorable histopathological outcomes with respect to osteomyelitis (p=0.008), inflammation (p=0.001), necrosis (p=0.022), and abscess formation (p=0.022). Conclusion: Ozone may be a useful adjunct treatment for osteomyelitis. Further studies in animals and humans are needed to clarify and confirm these preventive effects, understand the underlying pathophysiology, and establish guidelines

storage at 5 degrees C

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of methionine and lipoic acid on ram sperm parameters during liquid storage (5 degrees C). Ejaculates collected from five Merino rams were pooled at 37 degrees C. Each pooled ejaculate was divided into five equal aliquots and diluted (37 degrees C) with five extenders, one of which was without additives, two of which contained methionine at two different doses, and the other two of which contained lipoic acid at two different doses. Sperm parameters were determined at 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h of liquid storage at 5 degrees C.The extenders containing 2 and 4 mM of methionine resulted in higher motility percentages, in comparison to the control, up to 96 h of storage. Methionine at doses of 2 and 4 mM led to higher viability and sperm mitochondrial activity percentages, when compared to the controls during 48, 72 and 96 h of liquid storage (P < 0.05). The findings of this study showed that methionine was of greater benefit to ram sperm parameters during liquid storage. Crown Copyright (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Protective Effect of Ozone Against Gentamicin-Induced Neprotoxicity and Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) Levels: An Experimental Study

Our aim was to investigate the protective role of ozone treatment against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in an experimental rat model. In this study, a total of 30 rats were allocated in 5 groups (n=6 in each group). The control group (Group 1) received isotonic saline only, while Groups 2 and 3 received gentamicin at doses of 15 mg/kg/day and 50 mg/kg/day, respectively. In Group 4, intraperitoneal ozone treatment (1 mg/kg, 5% O-3-95% O-2) was performed after administration of gentamicin at a dose of 15 mg/kg/day. Group 5 underwent ozone treatment intraperitoneally following the application of gentamicin (50 mg/kg/day). Nephrotoxicity was formed by administration of glycerol.Serum levels of urea, creatinine, neutrophil-gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and protein carbonyl were measured, and kidneys were histopathologically examined after the sacrifice of animals on the 5th, day. Group 4 displayed more favorable outcomes regarding biochemical markers of oxidative stress such as NGAL, LDH, creatinine, urea, TAC and protein carbonyl. Similarly, histopathological alterations indicating gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity such as hemorrhage, the presence of protein casts and epithelial injury in renal tubules were less evident in Groups 4 and 5 which received ozone treatment. To conclude, results of this experimental study demonstrated that ozone treatment might ameliorate biochemical disturbances and histopathological alterations linked with gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. However, furthertrials are warranted to document the actual therapeutic potential of ozone treatment in the clinical setting

The beneficial effects of ozone therapy in acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice

Background: The aim of the present study was to determine the therapeutic effects of medical ozone therapy on acute acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity which were not clearly demonstrated in prior studies