The effects of intrauterine device on cervico-vaginal smears with liquid-based cytology technique: A North-Eastern Anatolia region study in Turkey

Intrauterine device (IUD), is one of the most efficient methods of contraception. The aim of study to investigate the effects of intrauterine device in cervicovaginal smears with liquid based cytology technique in our patient population. Cervicovaginal smears of 5492 patients who sought the services of the pathology department in a sixmonth period were reviewed retrospectively. Samples were prepared with liquid based cytology technique. The patients using IUD as contraceptive method (n= 562 cases) were included in the study. The samples taken with the conventional method were excluded from the study. The results were categorized according to the Bethesda system. The age range of the patients was 18-61 years (mean age: 34.6). The most common diagnosis was “negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy” (97.2%). In 307 patients (54.6%) there were infection and only in 93 out of them (30.2%) a specific agent was detected. Actinomyces (11%) were recorded as the most common infectious agent, followed by Gardnerella vaginalis (2.8%) and Candida species (2.4%). There were reactive changes in 134 cases (23.8%). In 13 cases (2.3%) epithelial cell abnormalities were detected. The most common cytopathologic diagnosis was ASC-US (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance) in patients who had epithelial cell abnormalities (2.1%). In conclusion, IUDs increase the frequency of genital infection by disrupting the genital flora. In our study the most frequent agent was Actinomyces, and this rate was higher than some studies. This high rate for Actinomyces may be associated with IUDs that are frequently used for contraception in Erzurum province with long term uses

Water-Filled Vesicles of Choroid Plexus Tumors

ozmen, sevilay/0000-0002-1973-6101;WOS: 000500374200106PubMed: 31574785Objective: Choroid plexus cysts are the most common neuroepithelial cysts. Methods: the authors describe 2 cases. the first case is a 1-year-old child presenting with hydrocephalus and cyst of the choroid plexus. the child was treated with endoscopic fenestration of the cysts. Results: the histological examination of the cyst wall was consistent with choroid epithelium and water-filled vesicles. the second case is a 63 year old male with a highly vascularized tumor extending to choroid plexus. A quaductus Silvius was obstructed by the tumor. the histopathologic examination of choroid plexus showed a low number, water-vesicles. Conclusions: According to our knowledge, there are no previous reports of water-filled vesicles with choroid plexus cyst causing hydrocephalus. the first case is a good example of over secretion of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) with the water-filled vesicle. the second case with low number of water filled vesicle shows that the cause of hydrocephalus is not over production of CSF, it is blockage of the CSF pathway in Aquaductus Silvius by the tumor itself. These 2 cases are illustrative and more importantly highlight the need to study for water-filled vesicles in these kind of cases

Estimating basilar artery upper rupture limit by dangerous alarming diameter of arteries (DADA) following bilateral common carotid artery ligation; a new theorem

ozmen, sevilay/0000-0002-1973-6101; Kanat, Ayhan/0000-0002-8189-2877WOS: 000557613700001PubMed: 32729353Background Although many theories have been established to explain the mechanism of aneurysm development following steno-occlusive or hypertensive disease, the effect of the geometrical shape of the inner elastic membrane on the maximum dilatation capacity of arteries has not been adequately investigated so far. This subject was investigated. Methods This study was conducted in 24 rabbits. the rabbits were divided into 3 groups: as the control, (n = 5), the SHAM (n = 5), and the study group (n = 14). in the study group, BCCAL was performed. After decapitation, the basilar artery vasodilatation index (VDI) and the actual length of the inner elastic membrane (IEM) were estimated. the relationship between the true length of IEM and VDI values was compared statistically using the Mann-Witney -U test. Results Mean blood pressures were 113 +/- 7 mmHg in animals at the beginning of the experiment (n = 24), and 119 +/- 9 mmHg in GII and 122 +/- 11mmHg in GIII after BCCAL (n = 12). Before decapitation, the mean blood pressures were 115 +/- 10 mmHg in GI, 116 +/- 10 mmHg in GII, and 127 +/- 11mmHg GIII. the DADA values of animals were 20 +/- 4mm in GI; 28 +/- 6mm in GII and 37 +/- 9mm in GIII. the VDI value of BA was 1.390 +/- 0.220 in GI; 1.013 +/- 0.108 in GI; 0.019 +/- 0.011in GII group. Conclusion An inverse relationship was discovered between the DADA/VDI values. BCCAL may lead to severe dangerous histopathological changes at the BA. Lower DADA or higher VDI values may lead to severe basilar enlargement, endothelial losing, inner elastic membrane rupture, and aneurysm formation after BCCAL

A new experimental evidence that olfactory bulb lesion may be a causative factor for substantia nigra degeneration; preliminary study

ozmen, sevilay/0000-0002-1973-6101; Ahiskalioglu, Ali/0000-0002-8467-8171; Kanat, Ayhan/0000-0002-8189-2877WOS: 000519326400001PubMed: 32114876Background: Anosmia has been considered as the first diagnostic criteria of Parkinson disease (PD), we investigated the effect of the olfactory bulbectomy (OBX) on histopathological features of the substantia nigra in an animal model. Methods: Twenty-seven male rats were used in this study. Animals were divided into three groups as five (control), six SHAM and sixteen study (OBL) groups. Nothing was done in the control group, the only burr hole was done in the SHAM group, OBL was not applied, and bilateral OBL was performed in the study group, and followed ten weeks, then animals were decapitated. Olfactory bulb volumes were measured by macro anatomically. the olfactory bulbs and substantia nigra sections were analyzed by a stereological method to evaluate olfactory glomerulus and neuron density of substantia nigra per cubic centimeter and compared with statistically. Results: the mean olfactory bulb volume, degenerated olfactory glomerulus density and degenerated neuron density of substantia nigra were measured as:(4.14 +/- 0.20) mm(3), (1 +/- 1)/mm(3) and (7 +/- 2)/mm(3) in control (Group I); (3.6 +/- 0.16)/mm(3), (4 +/- 1)/mm(3) and(32 +/- 7)/mm(3) in SHAM (Group II) and (2.2 +/- 0.9)/mm(3), (112 +/- 18)/mm(3) and (1543 +/- 115)/mm(3)in study group (Group III). Diminished olfactory bulb volume was observed in Group III animals. Conclusions: We concluded that OBL may lead to the degeneration of substantia nigra

Describing a New Mechanism of Retinal Detachment Secondary to Ophthalmic Artery Vasospasm Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Experimental Study

ozmen, sevilay/0000-0002-1973-6101WOS: 000492999800004PubMed: 31430796Background the pterygopalatine ganglion (PPG) and ophthalmic arteries (OpAs) have important roles in ocular autoregulation and retinal and visual functions. the relationship between PPG neuron density, OpA vasospasm, and retinal detachment in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has never been studied. Methods This study was conducted on 25 rabbits. Five animals were in the control group (GI; n = 5), five in the sham group (GII; n = 5), and 15 in the study group (GIII; n = 15). After injection of 1 cc serum saline into the cisterna magna in the sham group, and autologous blood in the SAH group, the animals were followed for 3 weeks. All animals underwent a retinal examination five times a week for 3 weeks before and after the experiment. After the experiment, the neuron density of PPGs of the facial nerves, vasospasm index (VSI) of OpAs, and total basal surface values of the detached retinal parts (DRPs) were calculated. Results in the funduscopic examination, intravitreous hemorrhage ( Terson's syndrome) was detected in four animals in the SAH group. in the control groups, neuron density was 12,000 +/- 1,240/mm (3) , VSI = 0.345 +/- 0.076, and DRP = 0 to 1.5 mm (2) . Mean neuron density was 9,450 +/- 940/mm (3) , VSI = 1.645 +/- 0.940, and DRP = 6.23 +/- 1.61 mm (2) in the sham group ( p < 0.05). Neuron density was 6,890 +/- 932/mm (3) , VSI = 2.92 +/- 0.97, and DRP = 9.43 +/- 2.54 mm (2) in SAH group. Conclusion Mean neuron density, VSI of OpAs, and DRP values differed statistically significant between the SAH group and other groups ( p < 0.005). There is an inverse relationship between PPG neurons and DRP. However, a direct relationship was observed between the mean VSI and DRP values

The effects of intrauterine device on cervico-vaginal smears with liquid-based cytology technique: A North-Eastern Anatolia region study in Turkey

Intrauterine device (IUD), is one of the most efficient methods of contraception. The aim of study to investigate the effects of intrauterine device in cervicovaginal smears with liquid based cytology technique in our patient population. Cervicovaginal smears of 5492 patients who sought the services of the pathology department in a sixmonth period were reviewed retrospectively. Samples were prepared with liquid based cytology technique. The patients using IUD as contraceptive method (n= 562 cases) were included in the study. The samples taken with the conventional method were excluded from the study. The results were categorized according to the Bethesda system. The age range of the patients was 18-61 years (mean age: 34.6). The most common diagnosis was "negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy" (97.2%). In 307 patients (54.6%) there were infection and only in 93 out of them (30.2%) a specific agent was detected. Actinomyces (11%) were recorded as the most common infectious agent, followed by Gardnerella vaginalis (2.8%) and Candida species (2.4%). There were reactive changes in 134 cases (23.8%). In 13 cases (2.3%) epithelial cell abnormalities were detected. The most common cytopathologic diagnosis was ASC-US (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance) in patients who had epithelial cell abnormalities (2.1%). In conclusion, IUDs increase the frequency of genital infection by disrupting the genital flora. In our study the most frequent agent was Actinomyces, and this rate was higher than some studies. This high rate for Actinomyces may be associated with IUDs that are frequently used for contraception in Erzurum province with long term uses

Exploring of the Unpredicted Effects of Olfactory Network Injuries on Mammary Gland Degeneration: A Preliminary Experimental Study

Purpose of the study: Hypofunctioning breasts are typically considered a dysfunction of higher brain centers that regulate hormonal feedback, and olfactory information has been proposed as a triggering factor for lactation in the maternal body. However, there are no substantive studies regarding whether olfaction disorders and/or loss of olfactory sense may result in breast gland atrophy by causing diminished olfactory stimulation. To fill this gap in the literature, we studied the histologic features of breast glands as a sample model in animals that had undergone an olfactory bulb lesion (OBL). Materials and methods: This study was conducted on 22 rats. Six, eight, and six of them were used as control, SHAM, and OBL groups, respectively. After 10 weeks, the animals were decapitated. Olfactory bulbs and breast glands were stained with Hematoxylin-eosin and tunnel dye. Specimens were analyzed stereologically to evaluate the loss in volume of the olfactory bulbs, total breast follicle volume (TBFV) and Meissner's corpuscles per cubic centimeter, and these two senior metrics were compared with each other statistically. Results: Olfactory bulb volume loss and breast gland atrophy were both detected in study group. Mean TBFV and OB volumes were measured as: (296 ± 89) × 106 µm3/cm3 and 4.43 ± 0.98 mm3 in control (Group I); (264 ± 63) × 106 µm3/cm3 and 3.86 ± 0.81 mm3 in SHAM (Group II) and (194 ± 52) × 106 µm3/cm3 and 1.52 ± 0.36 mm3 in OBL group (Group III). It was noted that the TBFV was significantly diminished, with apoptotic degradation in the olfactory bulbs and breast glands of OBL-applied animals (p < 0.001). Conclusion: It seems that diminished milk secretion is attributable to the degradation of breast glands that results from olfaction loss in OBL animals