Building a wordnet for Turkish

This paper summarizes the development process of a wordnet for Turkish as part of the Balkanet project. After discussing the basic method-ological issues that had to be resolved during the course of the project, the paper presents the basic steps of the construction process in chronological order. Two applications using Turkish wordnet are summarized and links to resources for wordnet builders are provided at the end of the paper

Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders

The circadian rhythm sleep disorders define the clinical conditions where sleep and ndash;wake rhythm is disrupted despite optimum environmental and social conditions. They occur as a result of the changes in endogenous circadian hours or non-compatibility of environmental factors or social life with endogenous circadian rhythm. The sleep and ndash;wake rhythm is disrupted continuously or in repeating phases depending on lack of balance between internal and external cycles. This condition leads to functional impairments which cause insomnia, excessive sleepiness or both in people. Application of detailed sleep anamnesis and sleep diary with actigraphy record, if possible, will be sufficient for diagnosis. The treatment aims to align endogenous circadian rhythm with environmental conditions. The purpose of this article is to review pathology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of circadian rhythm disorder. [Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry 2016; 8(2): 178-189

Anti-phospholipase A2 Receptor Antibody Measurement in Patients with Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy Diagnosed by Renal Biopsy

Objective: Our study is a cross-sectional study that aims to evaluate the presence and levels of anti-phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) antibodies in healthy volunteers and idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) patients and to assess the relationship between these levels and clinical parameters. Methods: Serum anti-PLA2R antibody levels, complete blood count, urea, creatinine (Kre), total protein,albumin, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, total cholesterol, C-reactive protein (crp), sedimentation, proteinuria were measured from 71 IMN patients and 48 healthy volunteers. Results: Of the values compared between the two groups, the urea, creatinine, and modified diet renal disease (MDRD) were similar, total protein, albumin, LDL-cholesterol, TG, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and complete urinalysis protein values were statistically significantly high in the patient group, as expected in nephrotic syndrome (p\u3c0.01). The anti-PLA2Rantibody levels measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in patient and control groups were found to be negative. The anti-PLA2R level was found to be 0.104 (0.093-0.129) ng/ml in the IMN group, while it was 0.141 (0.117-0.177) ng/ml in the control group (P=0,001). Although the P value was significant, the anti-PLA2R antibody level was found to be high in the control group and was outside the reference range of the kit. Conclusion: There is a need to conduct more sensitive studies with a higher number of patients in order to distinguish between primary and secondary nature and to investigate the presence of anti-PLA2R in IMNpatients, which constitute the majority of nephrotic syndromes in adults. Antibody titer levels were observed to be low and it was revealed that the measurement range of the antibody kit used in the study should be more sensitive

Relationship between carotid intima-media thickness and coronary angiographic findings: a prospective study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Since cardiovascular diseases are associated with high mortality and generally undiagnosed before the onset of clinical findings, there is a need for a reliable tool for early diagnosis. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a non-invasive marker of coronary artery disease (CAD) and is widely used in practice as an inexpensive, reliable, and reproducible method. In the current study, we aimed to investigate prospectively the relationship of CIMT with the presence and extent of significant coronary artery narrowing in patients evaluated by coronary angiography for stable angina pectoris.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>One hundred consecutive patients with stable angina pectoris and documented ischemia on a stress test were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups according to the result of the coronary angiography: group 1 (39 patients) without a noncritical coronary lesion, and group 2 (61 patients) having at least one lesion more than 50% within the main branches of the coronary arteries. All of the patients underwent carotid Doppler ultrasound examination for measurement of the CIMT by a radiologist blinded to the angiographic data.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The mean CIMT was 0.78 ± 0.21 mm in Group 1, while it was 1.48 ± 0.28 mm in Group 2 (p = 0.001). The mean CIMT in patients with single vessel disease, multi-vessel disease, and left main coronary artery disease were significantly higher compared to Group 1 (1.2 ± 0.34 mm, p = 0.02; 1.6 ± 0.32 mm, p = 0.001; and 1.8 ± 0.31 mm, p = 0.0001, respectively). Logistic regression analysis identified CIMT (OR 4.3, p < 0.001) and hypertension (OR 2.4, p = 0.04) as the most important factors for predicting CAD.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The findings of this study show that increase in CIMT is associated with the presence and extent of CAD. In conclusion, we demonstrated the usefulness of carotid intima-media thickness in predicting coronary artery disease but large-scale studies are required to define its role in clinical practice.</p

Performanz in der Literatur und im Kino der deutsch-türkischen Migration

The aim of this thesis is to explore the importance of "performativity" as a central thematic and aesthetic category in German-Turkish migrant literature and cinema through three works from different periods: Haldun Taner's Hexenzauber (1980), Emine Sevgi Özdamar's Mutter Zunge (1990) and Kutluğ Ataman's film Lola und Bilidikid (1999). I argue that the concern with performance in these works functions, at least in part, to work through questions of intercultural translation and transference central to the situation of migrants. In the first chapter, I show how the German translation of Taner's Hexenzauber story functions performatively to mask parts of the original, thereby imitating the masked performance of the clandestine worker at the centre of the tale. In the second chapter, I then show how Özdamar's writing of the 1990s, on the contrary, stages the unmasking of an original (the "mother tongue" sought after by the protagonist), even as it creates a notion of language and culture based on hybridity. In the third and final chapter, I then turn my view to a different aspect of performativity, gender and ethnic performance, to show how Ataman's film places the very idea of an "original" in question.Ce mémoire a pour but d'explorer l'importance de la performativité comme catégorie thématique et esthétique centrale dans la littérature et le cinéma issus de la migration en Allemagne. Pour ce faire, je me concentre sur trois œuvres de différentes périodes : Hexenzauber (1980) par Haldun Taner, Mutter Zunge (1990) par Emine Sevgi Özdamar et Lola und Bilidikid (1999) par Kutluğ Ataman. Mon argument est que la thématisation de la performance dans ces œuvres sert, du moins en partie, à réfléchir sur des questions de traduction ou de transfert interculturels, questions centrales pour la situation des migrants. Dans le premier chapitre, je montre comment la traduction de Hexenzauber de Tanner fonctionne de manière performative à masquer des parties de l'original et, ce faisant, imite la performance masquée du travailleur clandestin au centre de l'histoire. Dans le deuxième chapitre, je montre comment l'écriture d'Özdamar, pour sa part, met en scène le dévoilement d'un original (la « Mutter Zunge » recherché par la protagoniste), tout en créant une notion de langage et de culture basée sur la valorisation de l'hybridité. Dans, le troisième et dernier chapitre, je vais me concentrer plutôt sur un aspect different de la performativité—la construction performative de l'identité ethnique et du gender—pour montrer comment le film d'Ataman met en question l'idée même d'un « original »

Parasomnias: Diagnosis, Classification and Clinical Features

Parasomnias, as described in the recent second edition of the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, are “undesirable physical events or experiences” occurring during sleep transition, during arousal from sleep, or within the sleep period. These events encompass abnormal sleep related movements, behaviors, emotions, perceptions, dreaming, and autonomic nervous system functioning. Parasomnias are classified as: 1) disorders of arousal (from non-rapid eye movement, or NREM, sleep); 2) parasomnias usually associated with REM (rapid eye movement) sleep; and 3) other parasomnias. This sleep disorders in childhood are common, and often more frequent than in adults. Clinicians should be aware that many pediatric parasomnias have benign and self-limited nature. Most of the parasomnias may not persist into late childhood or adolescence. Parasomnias in adults often differ in type from childhood parasomnias and may portend significant psychiatric disturbances or neurodegenerative disorders. A reliable diagnosis can often be made from a detailed history from the patient and, if possible, the parents or bed partner. Detailed overnight investigations of parasomnias are usually not required. The non-REM parasomnias are more common in community although REM parasomnias are more likely to be seen in general neurological practice. Sleep related eating disorder, sleep related dissociative disorders and sleep related sexual behavior and sleep related violence are novel and rarely reported sleep disorders. REM sleep behavior disorder is common and should be sought in all neurodegenerative diseases. They are included among clinical disorders due to the resulting injuries, and adverse health and psychosocial effects, which may affect the bed partner as well as the patient. Finally, parasomnias are common disturbances of sleep that may significantly affect the patient’s quality of life and that of the bed partner. Therefore, appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are warranted

The Community Members Associated with Rose Gall Wasp Diplolepis Fructuum (Rubsaamen, 1895) (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) in Tokat Province of Turkey

Field studies were carried out in April, October, and November 2013 and March and October 2014 in Tokat Province of Turkey. Gall specimens of Diplolepis fructuum (Rubsaamen, 1895) (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) on host plants from the genus Rosa were collected. Thirteen species from six families were reared. Among them, Eurytoma caninae Lotfalizadeh & Delvare, 2007 and Aximopsis collina (Zerova, 1984) are new records for Turkey. The most common parasitoids are Eupelmus urozonus Dalman, 1820 and Stepanovia eurytomae (Nees, 1834), respectively.WoSScopu

The Community Components Associated with Two Common Rose Gall Wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Diplolepidini) in Turkey

Rose gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Diplolepidini) are well-known gall-inducing insects on Rosa species, and their galls support species-rich communities. During this investigation, gall samples of Diplolepis fructuum and D. rosae, which are the two most common rose gall wasps in Turkey, were collected in Gumushane, Tokat, Sivas, and Erzincan provinces. Fifteen species associated with D. fructuum and 12 species associated with D. rosae were reared. These community members are mostly primary and secondary parasitoids, along with seed- and gall-tissue?feeders. The association between Aximopsis collina and D. rosae was determined here for the first time. In D. fructuum galls, Pteromalus bedeguaris, Eupelmus urozonus, and Torymus bedeguaris, and in D. rosae galls, P. bedeguaris and Periclistus brandtii were the most common inhabitants among the community members excluding the gall wasps. Additionally, approximate emergence dates of the community members are given.WoSScopu

Design and implementation of a multifrequency near-infrared diffuse optical tomography system

The design and implementation of a multifrequency and multispectral diffuse optical tomography system is described. Four wavelengths are utilized: 665, 785, 808, and 830 nm. The system is based on a network analyzer, which provides rf modulation signals for the laser diodes, as well as measures the amplitude and the phase of the detected signals. Six different modulation frequencies ranging from 110 to 280 MHz are used. The details of instrumentation, calibration, data acquisition, and performance of the system are given. A finite element algorithm is used to solve the diffusion equation, and an inverse solver based on this forward solver is implemented to calculate the absorption and scattering maps from the acquired data. Data acquisition for one wavelength is completed in less than 2.5 min for a single modulation frequency. The measurement repeatability is 0.5% in ac intensity and 0.2 deg in phase. The performance of the system is evaluated with phantom studies. A multifrequency reconstruction algorithm is used, in which a single absorption and scattering image pair is obtained using the whole dataset obtained at different modulation frequencies. It is shown that the multifrequency reconstruction approach provides superior image quality compared to the single frequency counterpart. (c) 2006 Society of Photo- Optical Instrumentation Engineers