Design,formulation and synthesis of UV/Thermal dual cure, bio-based polyurethane coatings

In the present work, polyurethane resins have been synthesized using soybean oil based polyols (\u3e 80% bio-renewable content) as a primary component. To overcome some of the limitations associated with soft and flexible structure of soy-based polyols, the resin has been designed with two unique set of functional groups –OH and acrylate, as a means of crosslinking sites. Such resin system can be cured by two independent cure mechanisms – (a) thermal (or ambient) curing of –OH groups by use of isocyanate cross-linkers, and (b) by UV-curing of acrylate functional groups using appropriate photoinitiators. Thus, this dual-curable system can provide a means to control the degree of curing and hence the thermo-mechanical properties and performance of these coatings. The study shows that dual-cure coatings with high bio-based content can be successfully formulated and that their properties can be varied by controlling the degree of cure reactions

DIAGNOSTIC DIFFICULTIES IN PATIENTS WITH JUVENILE MYOCLONIC EPILEPSY

Objective: In this study, we aim to share the data of patients who were followed-up and treated with a diagnosis of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), and to draw attention to the difficulties in diagnosis and the problems that may occur in treatment. Method: In this study, seizure types, demographic and EEG characteristics of 75 patients with JME were retrospectively analyzed in our tertiary care center. Results: Of the total 75 cases, 48 patients (64%) were female and 27 patients (36%) were male. The overall female/male ratio was 1.7/1. The age of onset of seizures ranged from 6 to 24 years old. According to seizure types, all patients had myoclonic seizures, 65 patients (86%) had generalized tonic clonic seizures and 17 patients (22.6%) had absence seizures. Of the cases, 13 patients (17.3%) had febrile convulsions, 4 patients (5.3%) had a history of febrile convulsions in their families and 10 patients (13.3%) had a family history of epilepsy. For 63 (84%) patients, seizures were under control with valproic acid alone. When the patients EEGs were examined, 55 patients (73.3%) had generalized epileptiform activity, 11 patients (14.7%) had focal abnormaly and 9 patients (12%) had no abnormality. It was determined that the diagnosis of JME was not established at the onset of the disease and the seizures were not under control for 40% of the patients who were admitted to our outpatient clinic from different centers. Conclusion: Physicians should be very careful in the diagnosis of JME and the presence of myoclonia and absence seizures should be questioned in all patients presenting with generalized tonic-clonic seizures between 8-20 years of age in polyclinic practice

Influence of Gender, Obesity and Neck Circumference on Sleep-Disordered Breathing in A Sleep Referral Center

Background: The main subgroup of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) includes obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) which can be diagnosed by means of polysomnography (PSG). The goal of this study is to investigate the gender difference for obesity and increased neck circumference that are accepted as major clinical risk factors for OSA in a hospital based population in Turkey

Autonomic dysfunction in restless legs syndrome

WOS: 000559837000024PubMed: 31520300Objective Autonomic dysfunction in patients with RLS has been described in some domains; however, detailed studies on this subject are limited and report conflicting results. in this study, we aimed to evaluate autonomic functions electrophysiologically and clinically in patients with restless legs syndrome (RLS). Methods Fifty-two adult patients with RLS and 40 healthy controls were enrolled in this prospective study. Electrophysiological tests of sympathetic skin response (SSR) and RR interval variability (RRIV) analysis were performed, and the SCOPA-AUT questionnaire was applied to evaluate autonomic functions. Results There was no significant difference in terms of SSR results between patients and controls (p > 0.05). However, there were significant differences between the patient and control groups in terms of RRIV analyses at rest, deep breathing, and valsalva, and also valsalva ratio (p = 0.037,p = 0.049,p = 0.017,p = 0.020). the mean SCOPA-AUT total score was higher in the RLS group compared with the control group (20.7 +/- 10 vs 14.2 +/- 8;p = 0.003). Significant differences were found regarding gastrointestinal, urinary, and cardiovascular domains (p = 0.01,p = 0.007,p = 0.049); on the other hand, pupillomotor, thermoregulatory, and sexual function did not significantly differ (p > 0.05). Conclusion Autonomic functions should be questioned in detail as well as motor and sensory symptoms of RLS, and care should be taken especially on cardiac dysfunction

Effects of chronic REMsleep deprivation on lipocalin-2, nitric oxide synthase-3, interleukin-6 and cardiotrophin-1 levels: an experimental rat model

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic rapid eye movement sleep deprivation on cardiovascular system using blood levels of lipocalin-2, nitric oxide synthase-3, interleukin-6, and cardiotrophin-1. We included sixteen Wistar Albino rats of 300-350g weight in the study. To create a chronic rapid eye movement sleep deprivation, we used water tanks with platform including modified multiple sleep deprivation platforms, and we used water tanks with grid to grab for control group. We left 8 rats in water tanks with platform (study group) and 8 rats in water tanks with grid to grab (control group) for 21 days. Finally, we drew blood from the hearts of the rats, just before scarifying all the rats. We performed statistical comparisons of lipocalin-2, nitric oxide synthase-3, interleukin-6 and cardiotrophin-1 levels between the study group and the control group. The lipocalin-2, nitric oxide synthase-3, interleukin-6 and cardiotrophin-1 levels were 29.8ng/mL, 116.99ng/mL, 4.32ng/L and 33.26ng/L in the study group, respectively; and 122.74ng/mL, 85.74ng/mL, 3.23ng/L and 23.02ng/L in the control group, respectively. In the study group, mean lipocalin-2 levels were significantly lower (p=0.003) but mean cardiotrophin-1 levels were significantly higher compared with the control group (p=0.001). Mean interleukin-6 and nitric oxide synthase-3 levels did not significantly differ between the groups (p=0.135 and p=0.157). Our study showed that chronic rapid eye movement sleep deprivation might be associated with cardiovascular diseases owing to higher blood cardiotropin-1 levels in the study group, a novel biomarker that has been shown to indicate endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis and fibrosis in the cardiovascular system

Assessment of the effectiveness of a ventilator associated pneumonia prevention bundle that contains endotracheal tube with subglottic drainage and cuff pressure monitorization

The effectiveness of prevention bundles on the occurrence and mortality of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) was evaluated in many studies. However, the effectiveness of endotracheal tube with subglottic secretion drainage (ETT-SD) and cuff pressure monitorization in VAP bundles have not been adequately assessed. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of VAP bundle containing ETT-SD and cuff pressure monitorization. This was a prospective, controlled study that was carried out between March 2011 and April 2012 including intubated patients. The study was conducted at the Anesthesiology Intensive Care Unit 1 and 2 (10 beds each) in a 898-bed university hospital. Occurrence of VAP and compliance with the parameters of the VAP prevention bundles were assessed daily. Patients intubated with the standard endotracheal tube were recruited as controls, mainly in the first six months of the study as ETT-SD and cuff pressure monometer had not yet been implemented. In the second term, patients intubated with ETT-SD were included as cases. Occurrence of VAP, mortality, and compliance with VAP prevention bundles were monitored. A total of 133 patients, 37 cases and 96 controls were recruited. VAP incidence declined from 40.82 to 22.16 per 1000 ventilator days among controls and cases, respectively (p < 005). On average, VAP occurred 17.33 ± 21.09 days in the case group and 10.43 ± 7.83 days in the control group (p = 0.04). However, mortality of cases and controls at the 14th and 30th days was not different. VAP prevention bundles including the utilization of ETT-SD, monitoring cuff pressure, and oral care with chlorhexidine were efficient in reducing the rate of VAP. Keywords: Ventilator associated pneumonia, VAP prevention bundles, Subglottic secretion drainage, Cuff pressure monitorizatio

Phrenic Nerve Palsy Associated With Brachial Plexus Avulsion in a Pediatric Patient With Multitrauma

Although brachial plexus injury occurring during multitrauma is frequent in adults, it is rarely observed in childhood. The most common cause of pediatric traumatic brachial palsy is motor vehicle accidents followed by pedestrian struck. Generally, phrenic nerve palsy accompanying brachial plexus trauma is observed in 10% to 20% of cases, but it is overlooked because unilateral injuries are frequently asymptomatic. Severe unilateral phrenic nerve palsy accompanying brachial plexus avulsion is very rare. Here, we present a pediatric case of unilateral phrenic nerve palsy associated with respiratory distress and brachial plexus avulsion due to multitrauma

Sleep Structure in Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

The authors evaluated basic sleep architecture and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep alterations in drug-naive attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children without psychiatric or other comorbidities. This cross-sectional case-control study included 28 drug-naive children with ADHD and 15 healthy controls. This subjective studies revealed that children with ADHD had a worse sleep quality and increased daytime sleepiness. Polysomnography data showed that the sleep macrostructure was not significantly different in children with ADHD. Sleep microstructure was altered in ADHD children by means of reduced total cyclic alternating pattern rate and duration of cyclic alternating pattern sequences. This reduction was associated with a selective decrease of A1 index during stage 2 NREM. SpO2 in total sleep was slightly decreased; however, the incidence of sleep disordered breathing showed no significant difference. The authors suggest that cyclic alternating pattern scoring would provide a further insight to obtain a better understanding of the sleep structure in children with ADHD

Traumatic lung pathologies confused with COVID-19

While the COVID-19 pandemic affected the whole world, lung radiologic imaging has become widely used for diagnosis. Ground glass opacity is the most detected radiologic findings in pulmonary tomography. However, in the first 6-8 hours of CT scans of patients admitted to the hospital with injuries affecting the chest cavity, single or multiple patchy and/or diffuse ground-glass parenchymal infiltrates can be seen usually. Due to these appearances, it is necessary to eliminate COVID-19 in cases with a lung contusion. This study aims to evaluate the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients who presented with pulmonary trauma and were suspected of COVID-19 due to lung images. Between the March 2020 and December 2020 pandemic period, patients who applied to our hospital in emergency services due to trauma and who were discharged or hospitalized in COVID services or followed in intensive care units because COVID-19 could not be excluded due to lung tomography findings were included in the study. It was evaluated retrospectively with laboratory tests and thoracic CTs in patients over 18 years old. Fourteen cases were included in the study, seven of them were males (50%), with a mean age of 45 (19-74). The COVID-19 PCR result was negative for all patients except one patient (case 11) with lymphopenia. Peripherally located ground-glass opacity (GGO) (92.9%), subpleural line (85.7%), air bronchogram (64.3%), pleural thickening (64.3%), atelectasis (% 64.3), consolidation (50%), ground glass mixed consolidation (42.9%) was detected in chest CT cases. Eleven cases (78.6%) were hospitalized to the COVID service or intensive care unit. Thoracic CT images of patients with lung trauma may be confused with COVID-19. It is appropriate to evaluate the cases together with epidemiological data, clinical and laboratory findings. Lymphopenia may help physicians to consider the diagnosis of COVID-19 in trauma patients. [Med-Science 2022; 11(2.000): 712-6

Epidemiological analysis of retinopathy of prematurity in a referral centre in Turkey.

Purpose To collect data towards the establishment of a guideline to predict the population under risk for the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in Turkey