Bacteriological profile and antibiogram of blood culture isolates from patients of rural tertiary care hospital

Microbial invasion of blood stream is associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Identification of bacterial isolates and antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria isolated from blood culture would guide the antibiotics treatment for patients with bacteremia. 1) To determine age – wise blood culture positivity rate in bacteremia 2) To identify age – wise common bacterial species isolates in bacteremia 3) To determine Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the bacterial isolates. Atotal of 247 blood culture samples received from various clinical departments of rural teaching hospital from August 2013 to September 2015 were included in the study. Samples were collected in brain heart infusion broth. Identification of isolates and antimicrobial susceptibility was done as per standard microbiological methods. Out of 247 specimens bacteria sp. was isolated from 46 (18.62%) samples. Blood culture positivity was noted highest among neonates age group (38.71%). Lowest rate was observed among elders (4.55%). Klebsiella pneumoniae, Coagulase negative staphylococcus (CONs), and S. aureus were common blood culture isolates. In neonates Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common isolate. Out of 27 gram negative bacilli, 14 (51.85%) were extended spectrum betalactamases (ESBL) positive. High resistance was noted against amoxycillin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and third generation cephalosporins in all gram negative organisms except, S. typhi. Out of 12 Staphylococcus sp., none of these were methicillin resistant. Routine antibiotic susceptibility surveillance helps in choice of antibiotics for treatment, identification of resistance and control of its spread. Published by the International journal of Microbiology and Mycology (IJMM

JSP Custom Tag Library for In-Place Editing in Disconnected Architecture – A Case Study

Even a trivial web application involves some sort of database functionality with few basic operations. However, such applications reveal a lot of code repetition. To avoid such a scenario, various techniques have been proposed in literature for reusability of code. One such technique is implementing custom tag library. Many frameworks rely on their own proprietary tag libraries for compacting the code. For example, struts framework abundantly uses HTML tag library, Beans tag library and Logic Tag library. JSF frame work utilizes core tag library. Connected architecture suffers from severe limitations and has become obsolete in web applications where no. of users and hence no. of database connections is not predetermined. In such a scenario connected architecture becomes predominant and scores well on its connected counterpart. In order to cater this need of a typical web application, in this paper, authors have presented JSP tag libraries for in-place editing in disconnected architecture. The tag currently works with MS-Access, MySQL and Oracle and can easily be extended to incorporate other back ends. Current work reveals encapsulation basics targeting the elimination of boilerplate code where lot of repeated code is hidden behind custom tags. Such a mechanism boils down to the entire database operations to one liner when tag attributes conceal the plethora of information involved in implementation of functionality. This paper emphasizes on development of a generic tag for disparate back ends. The database extensions are properly taken care of. The proper data type casting is performed by pulling out database schema information from the underlying DBMS. The communication between Tag Handler class and JSP page is established through PageContext class. The name of JSP page becomes available to the Tag Handler class through PageContext class which can also be used for retrieving query string parameters in a Tag Handler class. Keywords-Disconnected Architecture, JDOM Parser, PageContext Class, Tag Handler Class, TagLib Directive, XML

Comparison of ERBS orbit determination accuracy using batch least-squares and sequential methods

The Flight Dynamics Div. (FDD) at NASA-Goddard commissioned a study to develop the Real Time Orbit Determination/Enhanced (RTOD/E) system as a prototype system for sequential orbit determination of spacecraft on a DOS based personal computer (PC). An overview is presented of RTOD/E capabilities and the results are presented of a study to compare the orbit determination accuracy for a Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) user spacecraft obtained using RTOS/E on a PC with the accuracy of an established batch least squares system, the Goddard Trajectory Determination System (GTDS), operating on a mainframe computer. RTOD/E was used to perform sequential orbit determination for the Earth Radiation Budget Satellite (ERBS), and the Goddard Trajectory Determination System (GTDS) was used to perform the batch least squares orbit determination. The estimated ERBS ephemerides were obtained for the Aug. 16 to 22, 1989, timeframe, during which intensive TDRSS tracking data for ERBS were available. Independent assessments were made to examine the consistencies of results obtained by the batch and sequential methods. Comparisons were made between the forward filtered RTOD/E orbit solutions and definitive GTDS orbit solutions for ERBS; the solution differences were less than 40 meters after the filter had reached steady state

Improving adaptive bagging methods for evolving data streams

We propose two new improvements for bagging methods on evolving data streams. Recently, two new variants of Bagging were proposed: ADWIN Bagging and Adaptive-Size Hoeffding Tree (ASHT) Bagging. ASHT Bagging uses trees of different sizes, and ADWIN Bagging uses ADWIN as a change detector to decide when to discard underperforming ensemble members. We improve ADWIN Bagging using Hoeffding Adaptive Trees, trees that can adaptively learn from data streams that change over time. To speed up the time for adapting to change of Adaptive-Size Hoeffding Tree (ASHT) Bagging, we add an error change detector for each classifier. We test our improvements by performing an evaluation study on synthetic and real-world datasets comprising up to ten million examples

Improved solution accuracy for Landsat-4 (TDRSS-user) orbit determination

This paper presents the results of a study to compare the orbit determination accuracy for a Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) user spacecraft, Landsat-4, obtained using a Prototype Filter Smoother (PFS), with the accuracy of an established batch-least-squares system, the Goddard Trajectory Determination System (GTDS). The results of Landsat-4 orbit determination will provide useful experience for the Earth Observing System (EOS) series of satellites. The Landsat-4 ephemerides were estimated for the January 17-23, 1991, timeframe, during which intensive TDRSS tracking data for Landsat-4 were available. Independent assessments were made of the consistencies (overlap comparisons for the batch case and convariances for the sequential case) of solutions produced by the batch and sequential methods. The filtered and smoothed PFS orbit solutions were compared with the definitive GTDS orbit solutions for Landsat-4; the solution differences were generally less than 15 meters