CBCT Imaging of Paranasal Sinuses and Variations

Paranasal sinuses located in the bones surrounding the nasal cavity are called maxillary, ethmoid, frontal and sphenoid sinuses. In relation with their location, these sinuses contribute to the development of the facial structures, jaws and upper airway. During the developmental process of the paranasal sinuses, anatomic variations can occur in consequence of intra and extramural migration of the ethmoid air cells, overpneumatization or hypoplasia of the sinuses and bulging of the neurovascular structures to the sinuses. Some of these anatomic variations may affect the drainage pathways, pave the way for chronic infections and cause difficulties when performing paranasal sinuses surgery. Therefore, the aim of this chapter was to examine the paranasal sinus anatomic variations with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)

Comparison of linear and angular measurements in CBCT scans using 2D and 3D rendering software

The aim of this study was to compare the reliability of both linear and angular measurements conducted on two-dimensional (2D) lateral cephalometric images and three-dimensional (3D) cone-beam computed tomography-generated cephalograms derived from various rendering software. Pre-treatment cephalometric digital radiographs of 15 patients and their corresponding cone beam computed tomographic images were randomly selected. Vista Dent OC as 2D, In vivo 5.1.2, Maxilim and Romexis software were used to generate cephalograms from the CBCT scans (NewTom 3G, QR Verona, Italy). In total, 19 cephalometric landmarks were identified and 18 widely used (11 linear, 7 angular) measurements were performed by an independent observer. Mann–Whitney and Kruskall–Wallis H tests were also used to compare the four methods (p 0.05). The ICCs for Vista Dent OC (2D) measurements indicated high reproducibility (p < 0.05). The 2D and 3D generated cephalograms from various rendering software were found to be similar; however, measurements on curved surfaces are not easily reproducible for 3D software

Association among Orthodontic Malocclusions, Paranasal Sinuses Anatomic Variations and Adenoid Vegetation in Children Using CBCT

The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between orthodontic malocclusion, paranasal sinus (PS) variations, and adenoid vegetation in a group of pediatric patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Clinical and radiographical data were retrospectively evaluated and 58 patients were diagnosed as having chronic sinus disease. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were acquired with Newtom-3G. Anatomical variations of the PS were assessed on every section. Additionally, for cephalometric analysis, the images were imported into the InVivoDental software program. A total of 252 anatomical variations, which encompassed 19 different types, were detected in the current study. Concha bullosa was the most common anatomical variation, at 72.4%. Septum deviation was the second most common one, at 67.2%. The Class III group exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of concha bullosa and secondary middle turbinate than the other groups. While adenoid vegetation was most common in the Class III group, sinusitis and antral disease were most common in the Class II group. Overall, Class III subjects exhibited fewer PS variations. In conclusion, concha bullosa emerged as the most prevalent anatomical variation, with distinctive patterns observed across different malocclusion groups. Therefore, CBCT is useful, especially in pediatric patients, due to its low dose advantage

Epicardial Cysts: Report of Two Rare Cases

WOS: 000300736100012PubMed ID: 22360907Epicardial cysts originating directly from the epicardium are seen very rarely. Complete surgical excision is recommended when these cysts are detected. If cysts compress surrounding vital structures, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) should also be considered. We report herein 2 cases of multiloculated epicardial cysts, both of which were successfully excised, 1 with CPB

Epicardial Cysts: Report of Two Rare Cases

Epicardial cysts originating directly from the epicardium are seen very rarely. Complete surgical excision is recommended when these cysts are detected. If cysts compress surrounding vital structures, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) should also be considered. We report herein 2 cases of multiloculated epicardial cysts, both of which were successfully excised, 1 with CPB

P300 auditory event-related potentials in children with obesity: is childhood obesity related to impairment in cognitive functions?

Objective: To investigate alterations in P300 auditory event-related potentials in children with obesity to detect changes in cognitive functions