Chemical Stabilization Features Of Ladle Furnace Slag In Ferrous Metallurgy

Nowadays due to the application expansion of secondary steel processing methods, which provide high-degree metal desulfurization, a problem of the ladle furnace slag (or high-calcium refining slag) stabilization arose in the ferrous metallurgy. This slag cannot be stabilized because of its self-disintegrating properties. Keywords: ladle furnace slag, secondary alumina production wastes, slag stabilization, belite, mayenit

Limestone Addition Effect on Phase Composition of Red Mud Reduction Roasting Products

There are millions of tons of solid waste residues accumulated in present-day alumina industry.  Those solid waste residues contain red mud and belit mud. The creation of sludge depository, its keeping and taking environmental protection measures cost up to $8-12 million a year.  However, red mud is a valuable raw material. The extraction of some useful elements from red mud makes it possible to obtain such valuable products as pig iron, iron-bearing concentrate, rare-earth elements, alumina concrete, constructional materials, etc.  Keywords: red mud, pig iron, cement clinker, gelenite slag, phase composition, chemical compositio

"Shielding" of Cytokine Induction by the Periodontal Microbiome in Patients with Periodontitis Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Periodontal diseases, especially those with polymicrobial etiology, are often associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, proceeding more severely and affecting the course of diabetes mellitus. Recently, this feature has been associated with the ability of periodontopathogen microflora to cause not only a local infectious process in the oral cavity, but also to interact with the human immune system and induce various systemic effects. We investigated changes in the salivary cytokine profile of patients with chronic periodontitis, associated and not associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We observed a statistically significant decrease of MCP-1/CCL2, GMCSF, IL-5, IL-6, and IFN-gamma in the saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in comparison with patients with chronic periodontitis only. All of these cytokines are associated with macrophage activation. These data are an important contribution to the elucidation of the mechanism of periodontopathogens involvement in the manifestation of the systemic effects of type 2 diabetes

“Shielding” of Cytokine Induction by the Periodontal Microbiome in Patients with Periodontitis Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Periodontal diseases, especially those with polymicrobial etiology, are often associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, proceeding more severely and affecting the course of diabetes mellitus. Recently, this feature has been associated with the ability of periodontopathogen microflora to cause not only a local infectious process in the oral cavity, but also to interact with the human immune system and induce various systemic effects. We investigated changes in the salivary cytokine profile of patients with chronic periodontitis, associated and not associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We observed a statistically significant decrease of MCP-1/CCL2, GM-CSF, IL-5, IL-6, and IFN-γ in the saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in comparison with patients with chronic periodontitis only. All of these cytokines are associated with macrophage activation. These data are an important contribution to the elucidation of the mechanism of periodontopathogens involvement in the manifestation of the systemic effects of type 2 diabetes

Genetical genomics of Th1 and Th2 immune response in a baboon model of atherosclerosis risk factors

Objective: CD4+ T-cells mediate inflammation in atherosclerosis, but additive genetic effects on associated pathways of Th1 and Th2 immune response have not been described. We sought to characterize heritability, pleiotropy, and QTL effects on the expression of genes implicated in Th1 and Th2 immune response in a baboon model of risk factors for atherosclerosis. Methods: We employed a maximum likelihood-based variance decomposition approach to estimate additive genetic effects on transcript levels generated from a gene expression profile of lymphocytes in 499 pedigreed baboons maintained on a basal diet. Transcript levels for 57 genes implicated in Th1 and Th2 immune response were selected for analysis based on significant heritability in this profile. Multipoint whole genome scans were conducted on heritable transcript levels to localize QTLs influencing these measures. To evaluate pleiotropic effects on transcript levels, we estimated genetic and phenotypic correlations among transcript measures, and assessed their correspondence using a Mantel test. Network analysis using GeneGo's MetaCore™ software was conducted to characterize known interaction among coded proteins.Results: Heritabilities for candidate gene transcript levels ranged from 0.092–0.786 (median h2 = 0.278, P = 4.72 × 10−4). Linkage analyses yielded significant evidence (LOD ≥ 2.73) for 14 eQTLs (LOD score range 2.76–14.87, genome-wide P = 4.9 × 10−2–1.03 × 10−14). Estimates of genetic correlation supported shared additive genetic effects incorporating all 57 transcripts (null hypothesis of ρG = 0 rejected at FDR ≤ 0.05 for 522 of 1596 estimates), and accounted for most of the observed phenotypic correlation among transcripts (Mantel test, r[ρP],[ρG] = 0.781, P < 0.0001). Network analysis revealed direct interactions among 54 of the 57 coded proteins. Conclusions: We conclude that major genetic effects influence expression levels of multiple genes implicated in Th1 and Th2 immune response. Additionally, we find that expression levels of these candidate genes are characterized by extensive pleiotropy, consistent with known interaction among their coded proteins, many of which are independently associated with atherosclerosis