Synthesis of nitroxyl radical by direct nucleophilic functionalization of a C-H bond in the azadiene systems

Cyclic dinitrones underwent nucleophilic substitution of the hydrogen atom in the reaction with a paramagnetic carbanion, the lithium derivative of 4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-oxyl 3-oxide, to give polyfunctional nitronyl nitroxyls. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media New York

Bound states in the continuum in symmetric and asymmetric photonic crystal slabs

We develop a semi-analytical model to describe bound states in the continuum (BICs) in photonic crystal slabs. We model leaky modes supported by photonic crystal slabs as a transverse Fabry-Perot resonance composed of a few propagative Bloch waves bouncing back and forth vertically inside the slab. This multimode Fabry-Perot model accurately predicts the existence of BICs and their positions in the parameter space. We show that, regardless of the slab thickness, BICs cannot exist below a cut-off frequency, which is related to the existence of the second-order Bloch wave in the photonic crystal. Thanks to the semi-analyticity of the model, we investigate the dynamics of BICs with the slab thickness in symmetric and asymmetric photonic crystal slabs. We evidence that the symmetry-protected BICs that exist in symmetric structures at the {\Gamma}-point of the dispersion diagram can still exist when the horizontal mirror symmetry is broken, but only for particular values of the slab thickness

Genome-wide de Novo Prediction of Proximal and Distal Tissue-Specific Enhancers

Determining how transcriptional regulatory networks are encoded in the human genome is essential for understanding how cellular processes are directed. Here, we present a novel approach for systematically predicting tissue specific regulatory elements (REs) that blends genome-wide expression profiling, vertebrate genome comparisons, and pattern analysis of transcription factor binding sites. This analysis yields 4,670 candidate REs in the human genome with distinct tissue specificities, the majority of which reside far away from transcription start sites. We identify key transcription factors (TFs) for 34 distinct tissues and demonstrate that tissue-specific gene expression relies on multiple regulatory pathways employing similar, but different cohorts of interacting TFs. The methods and results we describe provide a global view of tissue specific gene regulation in humans, and propose a strategy for deciphering the transcriptional regulatory code in eukaryotes

Фенотипы больных хронической обструктивной болезнью легких и исследование ECLIPSE: первые результаты

Phenotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the ECLIPSE study: preliminary results.Фенотипы больных хронической обструктивной болезнью легких и исследование ECLIPSE: первые результаты