Sida acuta Burm. f.: a medicinal plant with numerous potencies

Sida acuta is shrub belonging to Malvaceae family. The plant is widely distributed in the subtropical regions where it is found in bushes, in farms and around habitations. Surveys conducted in indigenous places revealed that the plant had many traditional usages that varied from one region to another. The most cited illnesses are fever, headache and infections diseases. Indeed, many laboratory screening have been conducted to show the scientific rationale behind these usages and many compounds havebeen isolated from the plant. In the present review we listed the plant usages in folk medicine in some regions where the plant grows and we discussed on the confirmed in vitro activities after laboratoryscreenings. The review ended with the pharmacological properties of several compounds isolated from S. acuta principally alkaloids

Diagnostic moléculaire d’helicobacter pylori par PCR chez les patients en consultation gastroentérologique au Centre Médical Saint Camille de Ouagadougou

Introduction: L'infection par Helicobacter pylori constitue un problème de santé publique notamment dans les pays en développement. Elle entraine une gastrite pouvant évoluer vers des formes sévères d'ulcération et de transformation maligne. La présenté étude avait pour objectif de diagnostiquer H. pylori par des techniques sérologique et moléculaire au Burkina Faso. Méthodes: L'étude prospective a été conduite de mars à juin 2012 sur 70 patients venus en consultation dans le service de gastroentérologie au Centre Médical Saint Camille. Le diagnostic de H. pylori a été réalisé par le test ELISA Immunocomb (ORGENICS Ltd, Yavne, Israël) et la PCR sur des biopsies gastriques prélevées sur les patients. Résultats: Les pathologies gastroduodénales étaient plus fréquentes chez les patients de plus de 45 ans. Les prévalences de H. pylori étaient respectivement de 88,57% et de 91,43% par sérologie Immunocomb et par PCR. La différence entre les deux techniques n'était pas significative (P = 0,573). La performance de la PCR a été comparée à celle de la technique Immunocomb. Les résultats montrent une sensibilité et une spécificité de 92,2% et 50,0% pour la technique Immunocomb. Conclusion: Le diagnostic de H. pylori par PCR est plus spécifique que le test sérologique Immunocomb et devrait être introduit dans le diagnostic de routine de cette bactérie pathogène au Burkina Faso

Frailty and physical performance in the context of extreme poverty:a population-based study of older adults in rural Burkina Faso

Background: Little is known about the prevalence of frailty and about normal values for physical performance among older individuals in low-income countries, in particular those in sub-Saharan Africa. We describe the prevalence of phenotypic frailty, and values and correlates of several physical performance measures in a cohort of middle-aged and older people living in rural Burkina Faso, one of the world's poorest communities. Methods: We analysed data collected from participants aged over 40 in Nouna district, Burkina Faso. We measured handgrip strength, four metre walk speed, chair rise time, and derived the Fried frailty score based on grip strength, gait speed, body mass index, self-reported exhaustion, and physical activity. Frailty and physical performance indicators were then correlated with health and sociodemographic variables including comorbid disease, marital status, age, sex, wealth and activity impairment. Results: Our sample included 2973 individuals (1503 women), mean age 54 years. 1207 (43%) were categorised as non-frail, 1324 (44%) as prefrail, 212 (7%) as frail, and 167 (6%) were unable to complete all five frailty score components. Lower grip strength, longer chair stand time, lower walk speed and prevalence of frailty rose with age. Frailty was more common in women than men (8% vs 6%, p=0.01) except in those aged 80 and over. Frailty was strongly associated with impairment of activities of daily living and with lower wealth, being widowed, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and self-reported diagnoses of tuberculosis or heart disease. With the exception of grip strength, which was higher in women than prior international normative values, women had greater deficits than men in physical performance. Conclusions: Phenotypic frailty and impaired physical performance were associated as expected with female sex, co-morbidities, increasing age and impaired activities of daily living. These results support the use of frailty measurements for classification of ageing related syndromes in this setting.GH is supported by a Wellcome Trust/Royal Society Sir Henry Dale fellowship, award number 210479/Z/18/Z. Support for the CRSN Heidelberg Aging Study and for TB was provided by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through the Alexander von Humboldt Professor award to Till Bärnighausen, funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. JMG is supported by Grant Number T32 AI007433 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. The contents of this study are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. MDW acknowledges support from the NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre. CFP acknowledges support from the ANU Futures Scheme

The epidemiology of multimorbidity in conditions of extreme poverty: a population-based study of older adults in rural Burkina Faso

Introduction Multimorbidity is a health issue of increasing importance worldwide, and is likely to become particularly problematic in low-income countries (LICs) as they undergo economic, demographic and epidemiological transitions. Knowledge of the burden and consequences of multimorbidity in LICs is needed to inform appropriate interventions. Methods A cross-sectional household survey collected data on morbidities and frailty, disability, quality of life and physical performance on individuals aged over 40 years of age living in the Nouna Health and Demographic Surveillance System area in northwestern Burkina Faso. We defined multimorbidity as the occurrence of two or more conditions, and evaluated the prevalence of and whether this was concordant (conditions in the same morbidity domain of communicable, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) or mental health (MH)) or discordant (conditions in different morbidity domains) multimorbidity. Finally, we fitted multivariable regression models to determine associated factors and consequences of multimorbidity. Results Multimorbidity was present in 22.8 (95% CI, 21.4 to 24.2) of the study population; it was more common in females, those who are older, single, more educated, and wealthier. We found a similar prevalence of discordant 11.1 (95% CI, 10.1 to 12.2) and concordant multimorbidity 11.7 (95% CI, 10.6 to 12.8). After controlling for age, sex, marital status, education, and wealth, an increasing number of conditions was strongly associated with frailty, disability, low quality of life, and poor physical performance. We found no difference in the association between concordant and discordant multimorbidity and outcomes, however people who were multimorbid with NCDs alone had better outcomes than those with multimorbidity with NCDs and MH disorders or MH multimorbidity alone. Conclusions Multimorbidity is prevalent in this poor, rural population and is associated with markers of decreased physical performance and quality of life. Preventative and management interventions are needed to ensure that health systems can deal with increasing multimorbidity and its downstream consequences.Support for the CRSN Heidelberg Aging Study and for TB was provided by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through the Alexander von Humboldt Professor award to Till Bärnighausen, funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. CFP is supported by the ANU Futures Scheme. Professor Witham acknowledges support from the NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre. MJS receives research support from the National Institutes of Health (R01 HL141053 and R01 AG 059504 and P30AI060354). GH is supported by a fellowship copyright. on May 13, 2020 at Australian National University. Protected by http://gh.bmj.com/BMJ Glob Health: first published as 10.1136/bmjgh-2019-002096 on 29 March 2020. Downloaded from Odland ML, et al. BMJ Global Health 2020;5:e002096. doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2019-00209613BMJ Global Health from the Wellcome Trust and Royal Society 210479/Z/18/Z. JMG was supported by Grant Number T32 AI007433 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease

Profil de resistance des bacteries a l’Hopital Saint Camille de Ouagadougou

Introduction: La résistance aux antibiotiques constitue de nos jours un véritableproblème de santé publique dans le monde. L'Organisation Mondiale de la Santé a publié une alerte afin d'inviter la communauté scientifique à intensifier la recherche et le développement de nouvelles molécules antimicrobiennes. L'objectif de cette étude était d'identifier les bactéries pathogènes dans des prélèvements biologiques faisant l'objet de l'alerte de l'OMS et de déterminer leur profil antimicrobien.Méthodes: Il s’agit d’une étude transversale qui a porté sur les prélèvements biologiques collectés chez des patients ayant consulté à l'hôpital Saint Camille de Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, durant la période de novembre 2016 à mai 2017.Résultats: Sur un total de 1195 prélèvements reçus et analysés, les principaux germes bactériens isolés étaient: E. coli (40,2%), Klebsiella spp. (16,1%), Enterococcus spp. (10,8%), Staphylococcus aureus (4%), Proteus spp. (3,2%) et Pseudomonas spp., (2,1%). La fréquence des souches multirésistantes étaient de 8,4%, 7%, 5,9%, 4% pour les souches d'E. coli, de Klebsiella spp., de Proteus spp. et de Staphylococcus aureus respectivement.Conclusion: Au regard de ces résultats, il urge de mettre en place un centre desurveillance des résistances aux antibiotiques à Ouagadougou, et d’instaurer une collaboration étroite avec les prescripteurs afin de contrôler et de lutter efficacement contre les résistances au Burkina Faso.Mots clés: Burkina Faso, Antibiorésistance, Entérobactéries, Pseudomonas spp.,Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus spp.English Title: Resistance profile of bacteria at saint Camille Hospital in OuagadougouEnglish AbstractIntroduction: Antibiotic resistance is nowadays a real public health problem in the world. The World Health Organization has issued an alert to invite the scientific community to intensify the research and development of new antimicrobials. Theobjective of this study was to identify pathogenic bacteria in biological samples that were alerted by WHO and to determine their antimicrobial profile.Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study that examined the biological samples collected from patients who attended the Saint Camille hospital in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, during the period from November 2016 to May 2017.Results: Of the 1195 samples received and analyzed, the main isolated bacterial strains were: E. coli (40.2%), Klebsiella spp. (16.1%), Enterococcus spp. (10.8%), Staphylococcus aureus (4%), Proteus spp. (3.2%) and Pseudomonas spp., (2.1%). The frequency of multidrug-resistant strains was 8.4%, 7%, 5.9% and 4% for E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp. and Staphylococcus aureus respectively.Conclusion: In view of these results, it is necessary to set up an antibiotic resistance surveillance center in Ouagadougou and to establish a close collaboration with the clinicians in order to effectively control and combat resistance in Burkina Faso.Keywords: Burkina Faso, antibiotic resistance, Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus spp