High energy description of dark energy in an approximate 3-brane Brans-Dicke cosmology

We consider a Brans-Dicke cosmology in five-dimensional space-time. Neglecting the quadratic and the mixed Brans-Dicke terms in the Einstein equation, we derive a modified wave equation of the Brans-Dicke field. We show that, at high energy limit, the 3-brane Brans-Dicke cosmology could be described as the standard one by changing the equation of state. Finally as an illustration of the purpose, we show that the dark energy component of the universe agrees with the observations data.Comment: 9 page

The holographic induced gravity model with a Ricci dark energy: smoothing the little rip and big rip through Gauss-Bonnet effects?

We present an holographic brane-world model of the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati (DGP) scenario with and without a Gauss-Bonnet term (GB) in the bulk. We show that an holographic dark energy component with the Ricci scale as the infra-red cutoff can describe the late-time acceleration of the universe. In addition, we show that the dimensionless holographic parameter is very important in characterising the DGP branches, and in determining the behaviour of the Ricci dark energy as well as the asymptotic behaviour of the brane. On the one hand, in the DGP scenario the Ricci dark energy will exhibit a phantom-like behaviour with no big rip if the holographic parameter is strictly larger than 1/2. For smaller values, the brane hits a big rip or a little rip. On the other hand, we have shown that the introduction of the GB term avoids the big rip and little rip singularities on both branches but cannot avoid the appearance of a big freeze singularity for some values of the holographic parameter on the normal branch, however, these values are very unlikely because they lead to a very negative equation of state at the present and therefore we can speak in practice of singularity avoidance. At this regard, the equation of state parameter of the Ricci dark energy plays a crucial role, even more important than the GB parameter, in rejecting the parameter space where future singularities appear.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures. RevTex4-1. Comments and references added. Version accepted in PR

Genetic Algorithms for Optimal Reactive Power Compensation of a Power System with Wind Generators based on Artificial Neural Networks

In this paper, we develop a method to maintain an acceptable voltages profile and minimization of active losses of a power system including wind generators in real time. These tasks are ensured by acting on capacitor and inductance benches implemented in the consuming nodes. To solve this problem, we minimize an objective function associated to active losses under constraints imposed on the voltages and the reactive productions of the various benches. The minimization procedure was realised by the use of genetic algorithms (GA). The major disadvantage of this technique is that it requires a significant computing time thus not making it possible to deal with the problem in real time. After a training phase, a neural model has the capacity to provide a good estimation of the voltages, the reactive productions and the losses for forecast curves of the load and the wind speed, in real time

Empleo del isoelectroenfoque en medio líquido en el fraccionamiento y caracterización de las proteínas del músculo bovino

Comunicaciones a congreso

Utilisation des lichens comme bio-indicateurs de la pollution atmosphérique par le plomb, cadmium et zinc de la région de Rabat-Sale-Zemmour-Zaêr (Maroc)

Au Nord-Ouest du Maroc, la région de Rabat-Salé-Zemmour-Zaêr présente une importance socioéconomique pour le royaume. En effet, elle est sujette à deux sources de pollution; le trafic routier et les rejets des poteries. Considérant le risque de contamination métallique de l’Homme et de l’environnement, une étude a été conduite pour évaluer la pollution métallique de l’atmosphère. Elle a porté sur les bioindicateurs lichens (Xanthoria Parietina). C’est ainsi que des échantillons de thalle de Xanthoria Parietina ont été prélevés au cours de la période située entre janvier et juillet 2007 et trois éléments métalliques Plomb(Pb), Cadmium(Cd) et Zinc(Zn) ont été détectés. Les résultats de suivi spatial obtenus au niveau des quatre stations étudiées (Kamra, Centre ville, Oulja et Allal Behraoui) ont révélé des concentrations moyennes mensuelles dépassant les normes requises à l’exception de la station de Allal Behraoui. Les résultats de suivi temporel obtenus au niveau des lichens montrent que la variation saisonnière atmosphérique des métaux est très marquée avec des teneurs plus élevées en hiver et plus basses en été.Mots-clés : métaux lourds, lichens, plomb, cadmium, zinc, Rabat, salé, Zemmour, Zaêr, Maroc

Seasonal fluctuations of phlebotomines sand fly populations (Diptera: Psychodidae) in the Moulay Yacoub province, centre Morocco: Effect of ecological factors

An entomological survey of phlebotomine sand flies was conducted in the Moulay Yacoub province, central Morocco. An anthropic niche (Ouled Aid) and a wild niche (Zliligh) were selected. Sand flies were collected twice a month between April 2011 and March 2012, using sticky traps and CDC light traps. 3675 specimens were collected (78.3% males/21.7% females) which composed of eight species divided into two genera: Phlebotomus (90.34%), wide Phlebotomus papatasi (49.78%), Phlebotomus sergenti (27.17%), Phlebotomus longicuspis (13.69%), Phlebotomus pernicuosis (9.36%) and Sergentomyia (9.66%) composed of Sergentomyia fallax (52.36%), Sergentomyia minuta (34.26%) Sergentomyia antennata (11.16%) and Sergentomyia dreyfussi (2.22%). P. papatasi is dominant in the anthropic niche and P. longicuspis is dominant in the wild niche. The population dynamics showed a bimodal pattern with a first peak in June for both studied stations and a second one in September for Ouled Aid and in August for Zliligh. A significant positive correlation between the density and the temperature(r = 0.64, r = 0.66) and a significant negative correlation with humidity (r = -0.64, r = -0.62) are shown. Density (119 specimens/m2/night) of sand flies showed that Moulay Yacoub’s province presents a risk for the inhabitants in the vicinity of Fez. This situation requires continuous monitoring to prevent and reduce the leishmania risk.Key words: Sand flies, leishmaniasis, seasonality; risk period, Moulay Yacoub, Morocco

Chronic dehydration affects hydroelectrolytic equilibrium and adrenal gland morphology in wistar rat: comparison with Gerbillus tarabuli

Shortage of water supply is the most stressful condition that can meet man and animals. Since the adrenal gland plays a pivotal role in the stress response, the objective of this work is to study, in the male Wistar rat, the repercussions of chronic dehydration on adrenal gland structure compared to that of a desert rodent: Gerbillus tarabuli. Adults and male Wistar rats and gerbils were divided into: i) control rats (n=8) given free access to tap water); ii) dehydrated rats (n=8) given 2% NaCl solution ad libitum for 7 days and (iii) G.tarabuli (n=6) given barely seeds ad libitum without access to water. Chronic dehydration caused strong adreno-chromaffin cells degranulation in rats. For the gerbils, adrenal zona fasciculate and medulla features suggest respectively an increased production and release of glucocorticoides but a basal stress hormones release. These results suppose that shortage of water in arid environment does not represent a stress factor for this species.Keywords: adrenal gland; chronic dehydration; plasmatic parameters; histology; Wistar rat; Gerbillus tarabul

Qualité physicochimique et bactériologique de trois stations thermales dans les régions de Fès, Maroc

Les sources thermales au Maroc constituent une richesse inestimable et sont fréquemment exploitées par la population pour différents usages. Cette dernière peut être exposée à des risques de contamination par des germes pathogènes dans les stations thermales mal entretenues. C'est dans ce cadre qu'une étude portant sur la qualité physicochimique et bactériologique de trois sources situées près de la ville de Fès : Sidi Harazem, Moulay Yaâcoub et Ain Allah a été réalisée. Les prélèvements d'eau effectués mensuellement entre Octobre 2012 et Mars 2013 dans les trois stations et à différents points, ont été analysés selon des protocoles standardisés conformément aux normes. Les résultats ont montré que les paramètres physico-chimiques des eaux des trois stations prélevées au niveau des fontaines et du réservoir répondent aux normes marocaines en vigueur. Les analyses bactériologiques ont montré l’absence des germes pathogènes dans les eaux de fontaine des trois stations étudiées. Les eaux de piscine de la station Ain Allah ont présenté, une forte contamination par la flore mésophile et les indicateurs de pollution fécale (coliformes totaux, coliformes fécaux, Escherichia coli et les streptocoques fécaux) par rapport aux eaux de piscine de la station Moulay Yaâcoub qui présentent des densités très faibles. Cette charge bactérienne est liée essentiellement à la fréquentation de cette station par nombre important de baigneurs durant cette saison ainsi qu’à la température qui favorise la croissance des micro-organismes. L’utilisation de ces eaux pour la baignade pourrait être à l’origine de maladies transmises par les eaux de baignade. Ces piscines doivent donc être soumises à un contrôle régulier de la charge et de la nature de la flore microbienne de leurs eaux.Mots-clés: sidi harazem, moulay Yaâcoub, ain allah, physico-chimie, bactériologie, fès, Maroc. Physicochemical and bacteriological quality of three spas in Fez region (Morocco)Hot springs in Morocco are an invaluable wealth and are frequently used by the population for different purposes. The latter may be exposed to the risk of contamination by pathogens in poorly maintained spas. It is in this context, a study of the physico-chemical and bacteriological quality of three springs near Fez city: Sidi Harazem, Moulay Yaâcoub and Ain Allah was performed. Water samples collected monthly between October 2012 and March 2013 in the three stations and at different points were analyzed according to standardized and normalized protocols. The results showed that the physico-chemical parameters of the three station’s waters collected from fountain and reservoir meet Moroccan standards (NM 03.07.001/2006). Bacteriological analysis showed the absence of pathogens in the fountain’s water of the three studied stations. The swimming pool’s water of Ain Allah station presented a strong contamination by mesophilic flora and by faecal pollution indicators (total coliforms, fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli and faecal streptococci) comparing to the water of Moulay Yacoub station swimming pool which exhibit very low bacterial densities. This bacterial density is mainly related to the large number of bathers in this station during this season and also to the temperature that promotes the microorganism’sgrowth. The use of these waters for swimming could be the cause of diseases and illness transmitted by bathing waters. These swimming pools must be subject to regular monitoring of the density and the nature oftheir water’s microbial flora.Keywords: sidi harazem, moulay yaâcoub, ain allah, physico-chemical, bacteriology, fez, Morocco