Antioxidant and hepatoprotective Potential of Coriandrum sativum L. against hepatic injury by Lambda-cyhalothrin insecticide

The objective of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of aerial part and seeds of Coriandrum sativum plant against Lambda cyhalothrin insecticide.  Male Wistar Albinos rats were randomly divided into control, LCT, CsA, CsS, CsS+LCT, CsA+LCT groups, after 90 days of treatments Biochemical, some oxidative stress parameters, and histopathology of liver tissue were evaluated. Total polyphenol content in aerial part and the seed extract estimated at 9.29 and 14.64 mg EAG / mg of extract and IC50 for an antioxidant activity equal to 19.38 and 22.62 mg/ml respectively. The obtained results revealed that rats received Lambda cyhalothrin insecticide showed a significant change in enzymes activity (AST, ALT, ALP and c-GT) and Glutathione (GSH) in liver. Meanwhile content of hepatic Malondialdehyde (MDA). Histopathology examination of liver revealed that Coriandrum sativum attenuate the incidence of liver lesions triggered by Lambda cyhalothrin intoxication. Therefore, the results of this study show that Coriandrum sativum can be proposed to protect the liver against Lambda cyhalothrin induced oxidative damage in rats, and the hepatoprotective effect might be correlated with its antioxidant and free radical scavenging effect. Keywords: hepatoprotective, antioxidant, Coriandrum sativum L., Lambda cyhalothrin, Oxidative stress

Biocontrol from Rosmarinus officinalis extracts against pathogen fungi

Rosmarinus officinalis is widely used for his anti-microbial activities .To this aim aqueous  methanolic and methanolic sonicaded  extracts of these plant were tested in vitro against deferent pathogenic strains: Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium verticillioides, Fusarium gramanirum, Fusarium sp, penicillium sp, Alternaria sp,  Colletotrichum sp;, by the contact bioassay method using a 1 mg / ml concentration of each extract. The two methanolic and methanolic extracts sonicated reduced mycelial growth with an inhibition rate which varied from 36 to 90% for the methanol extract and 50 to 90% for the methanolic extract sonicated. On the other hand, the aqueous extract exerted a weak activity with an inhibition rate of 20 to 48%. From the perspective of the results obtained, the two methanolic and methanolic extracts sonicated can be used as biocontrols to protect from  fungal diseases

Biotransformation of anthracene and fluoranthene by Absidia fusca Linnemann

A strain of Absidia fusca was isolated from a pesticide-contaminated soil (Annaba, Algeria). The biotransformation capability of this strain towards two polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): anthracene and fluoranthene was compared to that exhibited by another strain of A. fusca isolated from a non-contaminated milieu and considered as a control. The results obtained were statistically analyzed and showed that the strain isolated from the contaminated soil was more efficient than the control to remove anthracene from the medium, during all the kinetics (90% removed versus 45% after 24 hrs). Concerning fluoranthene, the amount removed by both strains was very high during the first 24 hrs however the control strain was slightly more efficient (94% versus 89%) while the results were similar for the two strains during the rest of the kinetics. This study reveals for the first time the potential interest of the species A. fusca for the bioremediation of PAHs

Etude de la phase epiphylle de trois Pseudomonas associes au deperissement de l'abricotier (Prunus armeniacae) et role du froid dans l'apparition des symptomes

SIGLECNRS T Bordereau / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

Effets des pesticides sur la microflore fongique du sol (biodégradation des herbicides par les souches isolées)

GRENOBLE1-BU Médecine pharm. (385162101) / SudocPARIS-BIUP (751062107) / SudocSudocFranceF

Effet de l’hymexazole et de la prométhryne sur la qualité physico-chimique et biologique des sols agricoles

Faciles d’accès et d’emploi, les pesticides de synthèse se sont révélés très  efficaces dans un nombre important de cas. Ils ont largement contribué à l’augmentation et à la régularité de la production. Cependant, au cours de ces dernières années, l’utilisation systématique de ces produits est remise en question à la suite des perturbations générées pour toutes les composantes de  l'environnement. Lors de la pulvérisation, plus de 90 % des quantités n'atteignent pas leurs cibles mais elles sont diffusées au niveau du sol provoquant la  modification de ses propriétés physico-chimiques et de son activité biologique. A cet effet, notre travail visait à vérifier l’impact de deux pesticides utilisés  massivement au niveau de la région du Nord-est algérien. Pour ce faire, quelques caractéristiques du sol ont été déterminées. La flore microbienne et les enzymes de fertilité, ont été également évalués à partir des fractions de sol. Les résultats obtenus montrent que les valeurs de certains paramètres dépassent les normes prescrites et en particulier celles de la conductivité électrique et du carbone total. Les taux des enzymes analysés sont plus bas que ceux des témoins. La microflore isolée est constituée de 60% de bactéries avec une prédominance de Micrococcus et de 40% de champignons dont les plus abondants sont des Aspergillus.Mots clés: pesticides - sol - paramètres physico-chimiques - phosphatase acide – déshydrogénase.  Effect of hymexazole and promethryne on the physico-chemical and biological quality of agricultural soilsEasy to access and use, synthetic pesticides have been very effective in a significant number of cases. They have contributed to the increase and regularity of production. However, in recent years, the systematic use of these products is in question following the disturbances generated for all components of the environment. When spraying, over 90% of the quantities do not reach their targets, but they are distributed at ground level causing the modification of its physicochemical properties and biological activity. For this, our work was to verify the impact of two pesticides used extensively in the North-east Algerian region. To do this, some characteristics of the soil were determined. Microflora and fertilities enzymes were also evaluated from the soil fractions. The results show that the values of certain parameters exceed the prescribed standards and in particular of the electrical conductivity and total carbon. enzymes analyzed the rates are lower than those of control. The microflora isolated consists of 60% of bacteria Predominantly Micrococcus and 40% of fungi which the most abundant are Aspergillus.Key words: pesticides - soil - physicochemical settings - acid phosphatas – deshydrogenas

Petroleum hydrocarbon contamination assessment and characterization of three quagmire soils in the Gassi El Agreb oil field (Hassi Messaoud, Algeria)

The aims of the current study are the physicochemical characterization, spatial assessment and monitoring of hydrocarbon contamination in quagmire of three sites (Agreb, Gassi and Zotti) in the Hassi Messaoud region (Algerian Sahara), as a result of the presence of an important oil industry rejecting industrial wastewater. Samples were obtained from three different depths for each site. Total Hydrocarbons (THC) were determined by a gravimetric method, and the four (F1:C6-C10), (F2:C10-C16), (F3:C16-C34) and F4>C34) hydrocarbon fractions and BTEX (Benzene, Toluene, Ethyl-benzene and Xylene) were determined by using gas chromatography (FID). The results obtained show a high contamination with hydrocarbons in different sites and depths. The concentrations of THC, four hydrocarbon fraction and BTEX recorded on Agreb site in different depth were in this order: 51200–120000 mg/kg d.w.