Mycological and bacteriological assessment of poultry droppings from poultry pens within Ilorin, Kwara, Nigeria

Mycological and bacteriological assessment of poultry droppings from poultry pens within Ilorin metropolis, Kwara, Nigeria and the incidence of antibiotic resistance pattern of the bacterial isolates were investigated. The bacterial and fungal counts ranged from 3.9 x 106 - 2.5×109 and 1.0 x104 - 1.6 x 107 CFU/g respectively. The counts of total coliform, faecal coliform, Salmonella sp. and Staphylococcus aureus ranged from 1.9 x 10 2 – 3.9×107, 0.0 - 1.0 x10 6, 1.0 x102 - 1.4 x 107, and 0.0 - 2.0 x 105 CFU/g respectively. The count of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was zero in all the poultry droppings. The bacteria characterized and identified were Micrococcus holobium, Pseudomonas picketti, Bacillus pumilus, Enterobacter agglomerans, Staphylococcus alrettae, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Salmonella enteritidis, Streptococcus pluranimalium and Cellobiococcus sciuri. The fungal species isolated were Candida tropicalis, Saccharomyces sp., Sporendonema sp., Aspergillus fumigatus, Fusarium oxysporum, Kloeckera sp., Zygosaccharomyces sp., Candida sp., Aspergillus niger, and Saccharomycopsis. All the Gram negative bacteria were resistant to ceftazidime, gentamcin and Amoxycillin-clavulinate while all the Gram positive bacteria were resistant to ceftazidime, cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, cloxicillin and Amoxycillin-clavulinate. S. aureus and Microbacterium holobium were resistant to all the antibiotics used. It was concluded from this study that the poultry droppings harboured pathogenic bacteria some of which were multiple antibiotics resistant. It is recommended that poultry droppings should be prevented from contaminating poultry feed, and the trough containing feed and water. There should be regulation on the use of antibiotics for growth promotion and disease prevention in poultry birds

Pigmento Beta Vulgaris y Zea Mays Ceratina como materia prima para sustituir metales pesados en la elaboración de labiales, Lima

La investigación fue diseñada para sustituir las cantidades de metales pesados presentes en las barras de labios por pigmentos naturales de Beta Vulgaris (betarraga) y Zea Mays Ceratina (maíz morado). La extracción de los pigmentos de betarraga y maíz morado se realizó por métodos de deshidratación y sedimentación, respectivamente. Para la elaboración de las barras de labial se aplicaron dosis de 0.5 g, 1.0 g y 1.5 g de pigmento de betarraga y una dosis constante de 3 g de pigmento de maíz morado. Los resultados mostraron que la dosis óptima fue de 1.5 g para la barra de labios elaborada con el pigmento de betarraga, observándose una consistencia pastosa en la que sus propiedades físicas presentaron una densidad de 0.85 g/cm³, punto de ablandamiento 71.8 °C y punto de fusión 98.5 °C. Adicionalmente, en las pruebas mecánicas se identificó una reducción de área de 28.2%. A partir de los resultados, se concluyó que las barras labiales elaboradas a base de pigmentos naturales tienen un impacto positivo en la piel, siendo una mejor alternativa para sustituir los tintes sintéticos que contienen metales pesados

Detection of parasites from the external body surface of cockroaches in femal hostels of Ahmadu Bello University Zaria

No Abstract

Efecto antiinflamatorio del gel al 0,5% elaborado a base del extracto hidroalcohólico de la corteza de uncaria tomentosa (uña de gato) y rizomas de curcuma longa (palillo) en rattus rattus var. albinus

La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar el efecto antiinflamatorio del gel al 0,5% elaborado a base del extracto hidroalcohólico de la corteza de Uncaria tomentosa (uña de gato) y rizomas de Curcuma longa (palillo) en Rattus rattus var. albinus. La metodología se basó en un diseño experimental, se siguió el modelo de edema en zona subplantar, se formó 3 grupos (n=4 ratas), grupo control, grupo patrón y grupo experimental, todos expuestos a una inyección de 0,1 mL de solución de carragenina al 0.2 % induciendo un edema en el miembro posterior derecho, media hora después se aplicó los tramitemos con gel elaborado a base del extracto hidroalcohólico de la corteza de Uncaria tomentosa y rizomas de Curcuma longa al 0.5 % (grupo experimental), diclofenaco en gel al 1 % (grupo patrón) luego midiendo en el pletismómetro el volumen de desplazamiento de cloruro de sodio al 0.9% a la 1, 3 y 5 horas. Como resultados se halló que con el gel elaborado a base del extracto hidroalcohólico de la corteza de Uncaria tomentosa y rizomas de Curcuma longa el porcentaje de inhibición de la inflamación a comparación del diclofenaco en gel al 1%, fue de 76.1 % a la primera hora, 100 % a la tercera y 100 % a las 5 horas. Concluyendo que el gel a base del extracto hidroalcohólico de la corteza de Uncaria tomentosa (uña de gato) y rizomas de Curcuma longa (palillo) tiene efecto antiinflamatorio en Rattus rattus var. albinus

OPTIMIZATION OF BIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM DANIELLA OLIVERI OIL SEED USING WASTE SNAIL SHELL AS HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST

Biodiesel has gained support and recognition as a fuel to replace fossil fuel which has caused a lot of damage to the environment. In search of locally cheap raw materials that could be used for biodiesel production at a cheaper rate. An investigation was carried out with Daniela oliveri oil seed and waste snail shells as raw materials. One step alkaline transesterification was conducted to produce the biodiesel. Snail shell was used as a source of CaO heterogeneous catalysts by calcination process at 9000C for 5 h. Four process parameters were optimized; methanol to oil ratio 7:1, reaction temperature 500C, catalyst concentration 2.0 wt% and reaction time 60 min to obtained high yield of biodiesel 77% from the oil. The fuel properties of the produced biodiesel from D.oliveri oil were compared with the ASTM standard and found within the requirements

Optimization of Transesterification Parameters of Biodiesel Produced from Sword Bean (Cavalia gladiate) Seed Oil

The subject of this study was to optimize the transesterification parameters of biodiesel produced from sword bean (C. gladiate) using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Four transesterification parameters (Reaction temperature 55 0C, Catalyst concentration 0.4 wt%, Methanol to oil ratio 4:1 and reaction time 60 min) were optimized. Data obtained revealed that the optimum reaction conditions for the transesterification of C. gladiata seed oil resulted in 92.88% biodiesel yield. Multiple regression analysis produced a quadratic polynomial equation for methylester and a linear relationship was recorded between the observed and predicted value (R2 = 0.9647) with a significant molar ratio and temperature.  The interaction terms of methanol to oil, molar ratio and temperature with reaction time exhibited a positive effect on the methylester yield. The response surface methodology was found to be a suitable technique for optimizing transesterification process and producing biodiesel that meets the ASTM standard

Dual role of the S5 segment in type 1 ryanodine receptor channel gating

先天性筋疾患の原因を解明: 「一人二役」を担う膜貫通セグメントが鍵 --将来の有効な治療法への期待 --.京都大学プレスリリース. 2024-09-19.The type 1 ryanodine receptor (RyR1) is a Ca²⁺ release channel in the sarcoplasmic reticulum that is essential for skeletal muscle contraction. RyR1 forms a channel with six transmembrane segments, in which S5 is the fifth segment and is thought to contribute to pore formation. However, its role in channel gating remains unclear. Here, we performed a functional analysis of several disease-associated mutations in S5 and interpreted the results with respect to the published RyR1 structures to identify potential interactions associated with the mutant phenotypes. We demonstrate that S5 plays a dual role in channel gating: the cytoplasmic side interacts with S6 to reduce the channel activity, whereas the luminal side forms a rigid structural base necessary for S6 displacement in channel opening. These results deepen our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of RyR1 channel gating and provide insight into the divergent disease phenotypes caused by mutations in S5

EVALUATION OF CHEMICAL NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION OF AFRICAN ELEMI PULP AND SEEDS

The aim of this study is to evaluate chemical nutritional constituents of the pulp and seed of African elemi. The evaluation of chemical compositions of pulp and seed of African elemi was obtained from Mararaba Jamma Market Jos, Plateau State in North Central Nigeria were determined using standard analytical methods. The parameters determined of proximate were protein, moisture, fat, ash as well as fibre of the seed were 6.90±0.60, 6.00±0.11, 61.00±0.33, 3.40±0.00 as well as 7.90±0.21 % respectively, in other hand the respective values of protein, moisture, fat, ash as well as fibre of the pulp were 6.80±0.10, 22.20±0.24, 44.50±0.31, 8.20±0.01 as well as 12.00±0.10 %. The carbohydrate content was lowest in the pulp (6.30±0.41%) and highest in the seed (14.80±0.22%). Energy values analyzed in this study were 2625.90±0.25 and 1869.20±0.01 KJ/100g for the samples seed and pulp respectively. These samples contained reasonable amounts of potassium, sodium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, calcium as well as magnesium. The anti-nutritional analysis revealed the presence of oxalate, phytate, saponins, alkaloids, and cyanide which were within the permissible limits. The pulp and seed of African elemi could, therefore, serve as an additional promising source of protein and mineral contents for human and animal feeds formulations

Aplicación del costeo por actividades para determinar la rentabilidad en la empresa Stampante Industrial SRL, Ate 2023

En la presente investigación titulada “Aplicación del costeo por actividades para determinar la rentabilidad en la empresa Stampante Industrial SRL, Ate 2023”, se planteó como objetivo general determinar la rentabilidad mediante la aplicación del costeo por actividades en la empresa dedicada al rubro de imprenta. El desarrollo se realizó bajo un enfoque cuantitativo. El tipo de investigación fue aplicada con un diseño cuasiexperimental. La población objeto de estudio se conformó por los siguientes documentos: registro de compras, ventas, planilla, recibos por honorarios, gastos de servicios, ordenes de producción e inventarios. La muestra seleccionada se orientó al periodo agosto del 2023. Los instrumentos de recopilación de datos se realizaron mediante la ficha de análisis documentario y la guía de observación. Los resultados obtenidos reflejan cambios en la redistribución de los costos indirectos de fabricación con la aplicación del costeo ABC. Por consiguiente, se llegó a la conclusión de emplear el costeo ABC para la fijación de precios, porque resulta bastante útil para este tipo de empresas, ya que se puede identificar las actividades del C.I.F. y de esta manera realizar una asignación más exacta a los productos, dando así la aceptación de la hipótesis de la investigación