Assessment of the quality of measures of child oral health-related quality of life

Background Several measures of oral health-related quality of life have been developed for children. The most frequently used are the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ), the Child Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (C-OIDP) and the Child Oral Health Impact Profile (COHIP). The aim of this study was to assess the methodological quality of the development and testing of these three measures. Methods A systematic search strategy was used to identify eligible studies published up to December 2012, using both MEDLINE and Web of Science. Titles and abstracts were read independently by two investigators and full papers retrieved where the inclusion criteria were met. Data were extracted by two teams of two investigators using a piloted protocol. The data were used to describe the development of the measures and their use against existing criteria. The methodological quality and measurement properties of the measures were assessed using standards proposed by the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) group. Results The search strategy yielded 653 papers, of which 417 were duplicates. Following analysis of the abstracts, 119 papers met the inclusion criteria. The majority of papers reported cross-sectional studies (n = 117) with three of longitudinal design. Fifteen studies which had used the original version of the measures in their original language were included in the COSMIN analysis. The most frequently used measure was the CPQ. Reliability and construct validity appear to be adequate for all three measures. Children were not fully involved in item generation which may compromise their content validity. Internal consistency was measured using classic test theory with no evidence of modern psychometric techniques being used to test unidimensionality of the measures included in the COSMIN analysis. Conclusion The three measures evaluated appear to be able to discriminate between groups. CPQ has been most widely tested and several versions are available. COHIP employed a rigorous development strategy but has been tested in fewer populations. C-OIDP is shorter and has been used successfully in epidemiological studies. Further testing using modern psychometric techniques such as item response theory is recommended. Future developments should also focus on the development of measures which can evaluate longitudinal change

The composition of the cetacean community in the Falkland (Malvinas) Islands, southwest South Atlantic Ocean

An evaluation of the stranding record for the period 1866 to September 2012 confirms that the Falkland (Malvinas) Islands cetacean community is composed of 7 species of baleen whale, 7 beaked whale species, sperm whale, 8 species of dolphin and 1 of porpoise. The stranding record supports the species composition based on at-sea surveys, but also confirms the presence of some rare, vessel-shy and/or offshore and deepwater species. Five species - long-finned pilot whale, Peale's dolphin, Commerson's dolphin, hourglass dolphin and sperm whale - are considered to have a regular presence in the Islands. Six species are considered infrequent, 11 are considered rare and 2 species had a historic presence but have not been recorded in recent years. The stranding record suggests potential temporal changes for some of these species, reflecting perhaps a recovery of their population from over-exploitation and/or changes in oceanographic conditions and/or prey availability.La evaluación de los registros de varamientos para las islas Falkland (Malvinas) desde 1866 y hasta septiembre 2012 confirma que la comunidad de cetáceos alrededor de esas islas está compuesta de 7 especies de ballenas, 7 ballenas picudas, el cachalote, 8 de delfines y 1 de marsopa. El registro de varamientos corresponde con la diversidad de especies a partir de observaciones en el mar, pero confirma también la presencia de algunas especies muy poco frecuentes, que no se acercan generalmente a embarcaciones y/o que corresponde a especies de aguas profundas. El calderón de aleta larga, el delfín austral, la tonina overa, el delfín cruzado y el cachalote son consideradas especies que tienen una presencia regular alrededor de las islas. Seis especies son consideradas escasas, 11 raras y se tiene registros históricos de 2 especies que, sin embargo, no han sido registradas en tiempos recientes. Los varamientos sugieren potenciales cambios temporales para algunas especies, reflejando posiblemente recuperaciones post-explotación, cambios en las condiciones oceanográficas de la región y/o en la disponibilidad de presas

Helen O. Otley Collection.

Questionnaire I + II of the Austrian Heritage Collection at the Leo Baeck Institute; Photo of her grandfather Sigmund Schlesinger (photocopy); Photos of Helen O. Otley in concentration camp inmate's uniform (1942, photocopies); Marriage certificate of her grandparents (1861); 2 certificates concerning her internment in Auschwitz (one in Polish, one in German)AHC questionnaire, official documents including Auschwitz related materials // 1939-1999Helen Oesterreich Otley (maiden and prewar name: Helene Schlesinger) was born in Vienna on October 13, 1911. She was arrested in 1942 for having contacts with social democrats and sent to Auschwitz as a political prisoner. In 1943 she was sent for trial to Berlin and sentenced to 2 years prison and sent to the Frauenstrafgefaengnis in Leipzig. She immigrated to the United States in 1962.Austrian Heritage Collection;See also: "Otley, Helen O.: Meine Lebensgeschichte bis Ende des Krieges im Jahr 1945" (ME 1195)digitize

Meine Lebensgeschichte bis Ende des Krieges im Jahr 1945 1911-1962

The memoirs were written in the United States. Childhood recollections. Memories of the outbreak of World War One. The author's father served as a soldier in the Austro-Hungarian army. Helen and her mother followed him to Brod and Agram, where he was stationed. In 1917 Helen was enrolled in the local school in Agram. Return to Vienna and depression in the aftermath of the war. Summer vacation in the Austrian countryside in Puergg. In 1920 and 1921 Helen was sent with a children's recreation program to Switzerland and Holland. Inflation in Austria. In 1922 Helen attented the humanistic girl's Gymnasium. Birth of her brother Otto in 1924. Helen started to work as a math tutor during her school years. Vaccation at the Adriatic Sea. Graduation in 1930 and journey to her maternal relatives in Hermannstadt, Romania. In autumn 1930 Helen enrolled at the Vienna University with studies in physics and mathematics. During her studies Helen became a member of the Socialist Student Organization. Skiing trips in the Austrian Alps. Political turmoil and rising fascism. Activities in the Socialist underground movement. Work on her dissertation with the physicist Dr. Franz Urbach and graduation in 1937. Recollection of the Anschluss in 1938 and emigration of her friends and colleagues. Helen got a position as a physicist in Berlin. Difficulties to find like-minded people due to the political circumstances of Nazi-Germany. Outbreak of the war. Move to Dresden in 1940. Position at Siemens in Berlin with professor Thirring from Vienna. Imprisonment of her communist friends. In 1942 Helen was arrested by the Gestapo and sent to Auschwitz as a political prisoner. Description of the terrors of the camp. In 1943 she was sent for trial to Berlin and sentenced to 2 years prison at the Frauenstrafgefaengnis in Leipzig. After the war Helen worked for the public library in Vienna and emigrated to the United States in 1962.Helen O. OtleyHelen Oesterreich Otley (maiden and prewar name: Helene Schlesinger) was born in Vienna on October 13, 1911. Her father was a railway official. His father Sigmund Schlesinger was a Jewish merchant from Hungary. Her mother came from a Gentile family. Helen was raised Protestant. She studied physics and mathematics at the Vienna University and became an active member of the Socialist Students. She was arrested as a political opponent and deported to Auschwitz. Helen Otley survived the war and immigrated to the United States in 1962. Helen Otley died on 13 Jan 2003 in Rockville, Maryland.Synopsis in fileAustrian Heritage CollectionSee also "Helen O. Otley Collection" (AR 10946)Teltow, JoachimViennaAgramAmsterdamBerlinBernBrodDresdenHermannstadt (Sibiu)KopenhagenLeipzigMalmoePortorosePuerggRotterdamAustriaBanatCroatiaDenmarkItalyNetherlandsRumaniaSwitzerlandAustro-Hungarian EmpireChildhoodDepressionDomestic life, 20th centuryEducation, primary and secondary, 1918-1933Education, higher, 1933-1945GestapoInflationMarriage, MixedMilitary service, World War IMusicPolitical prisonersProfessions and occupations, dyersProfessions and occupations, railway officialsSchulze-Universities and collegesVoyages and travelsWomen, organizationsWomen, political activit

Platypus Burrow Temperatures at a Subalpine Tasmanian Lake

Volume: 125Start Page: 273End Page: 27