The effects of teacher feedback on multiple-draft compositions in ESL classrooms

Teacher feedback plays a significant role in helping ESL learners acquire the writing skills. However, many research findings indicated that feedback on single draft essays does not help ESL learners much in improving the essays because these learners do not have the opportunity to revise, rewrite, and resubmit their work. Therefore, this study aims at examining the effects of teacher feedback on ESL learners’ compositions in terms of content, language and organization by instituting the multiple draft procedure. The participants of this study wrote a first draft; revised it after getting the feedback on content and further revised it after receiving feedback on language. The findings showed that there were significant mean differences in the content, language, organization and the total marks when the second and the third drafts were compared to the first draft

Compliance on safety behaviour among police officers in Royal Malaysia Police (RMP)

Very few studies focusing on safety behaviour among police officer in Malaysia have been conducted. Thus, this study was an attempt to determine the impacts of certain factors on safety behaviour compliance among police officers in Royal Malaysia Police (RMP) in particular those who are directly involved with operational task. The focus of this study was to examine the influence of job safety, co-worker safety, supervisor safety, management safety and satisfaction of safety programme/policies, on safety behaviour compliance among the RMP officers. This quantitative study utilized the five facets of Work Safety Scale (WSS) (Hayes et al., 1998) questionnaire to measure perceptions on safety at work. 178 police officers from the Kuala Lumpur Police District were included in this study. The findings showed that co-worker safety supervisor safety management safety and safety programme were significantly related to compliance on safety behaviour. However, job safety is not significantly related to safety behaviour. Recommendations and suggestion for future study were also discussed

On-line Handwritten Character Recognition: An Implementation of Counterpropagation Neural Net

On-line handwritten scripts are usually dealt with pen tip traces from pen-down to pen-up positions. Time evaluation of the pen coordinates is also considered along with trajectory information. However, the data obtained needs a lot of preprocessing including filtering, smoothing, slant removing and size normalization before recognition process. Instead of doing such lengthy preprocessing, this paper presents a simple approach to extract the useful character information. This work evaluates the use of the counter- propagation neural network (CPN) and presents feature extraction mechanism in full detail to work with on-line handwriting recognition. The obtained recognition rates were 60% to 94% using the CPN for different sets of character samples. This paper also describes a performance study in which a recognition mechanism with multiple hresholds is evaluated for counter-propagation architecture. The results indicate that the application of multiple thresholds has significant effect on recognition mechanism. The method is applicable for off-line character recognition as well. The technique is tested for upper-case English alphabets for a number of different styles from different peoples

Contributions of Kerim Kerimov in aerospace engineering

The objective ofthis research is to study the contributions ofthe person behind Rusia's achievement in space exploration. The significance of this chapter shows that a good leader is important to ensure the all missions are performed smoothly, capable to overcome and rectify problems quickly. The methodology adopted in this chapter is based on data collection from library and other trustworthy sources. This chapter explores early development and achievement in space exploration during Kerim Kerimov's life. Prior to 1987, Kerim Kerimov was not known to public even though his contributions in space research were vast. He had dedicated himself to the space researches throughout his life and contributed to the development of space exploration in his country. For more than 25 years involvement in aerospace industry, he had launched many astronauts and spacecrafts such as Vostok 1, Molniya, Soyuz 11 and so on. However, not all missions were successfully accomplished. Failure teaches people to be more creative, innovative and dare to take risks because there is no victory without effort

Cloud and rain: perspective of Quran and science

Science and Islam have been proven to be interrelated with each other in many aspects of life. Most of the phenomena that occur in this world has been described in the Quran. As Muslims, Allah has instructed us to study the phenomena that occur in our surroundings. Therefore, it is vital to relate all of our scientific findings with the Quran. This paper will discuss on the process of cloud formation and rain based on the Quran and science. The hydrological cycle which is the major process involved in the formation of cloud and rain will also be described in this paper. The scientific view proposes that the formation of cloud begins with the evaporation of sea water into the sky. After some time, when the cloud is unable to hold water inside it, thus, it results in falling rain. In the Quran, this phenomena is described in Surah Ar-Rum: 48 and Surah An-Nur: 43. Also, there are several verses in the Quran that mention the importance of rain to all living things as stated in Surah Al-A’raf:57 and Surah Qaf:9. In the aspect of science, rain has large effects to certain processes such as the leaching and fertilization of soil. As a conclusion, the scientific explanation on the formation of cloud and rain, has been stated in the Quran in which they are consistent with each other

Optimization of TiO2 thin film thickness for dye sensitized solar cell applications

Dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) rely on the absorption of photons by the dye molecules which are transported to the conduction band of the TiO2 electrode. The microstructure, energy gap and the absorption spectra of the TiO2 electrodes highly affects the efficiency of the cell. In this paper, the absorption spectra and energy gap has been studied by varying the thickness of the TiO2 paste. Nanocrystalline TiO2 thin films were deposited on ITO glass substrate with three different thickness (4.54μm, 7.12μm and 12.3μm) by using doctor blade method. After deposition all the samples were sintered at 450°C after deposition to enhance the particle bonding and for achieving better adhesion. The samples were characterized by UV-VIS spectra for determining the absorption spectra and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for investigating the thickness and the surface morphology. Fabricating the electrodes with different thickness showed significant changes in the energy gap and from the results it can be concluded that the energy gap increases with the increased thickness. The highest energy gap of 2.25ev and absorption 3.791 was achieved by 12.3μm thick sample. The absorption spectra also shows better absorption throughout the whole visible light range but the SEM images suggests that 12.3μm thick sample shows cracks all over the deposited region which will cause current leakage when the cell is assembled. Therefore, the optimum result was achieved by 7.12μm thick sample providing 1.9 ev energy gap and 3.91 absorption peak

Nilai yang mendasari integriti dan amalan masyarakat hadhari

Bahagia punya banyak makna bagi manusia. Ada yang mendefinisikan bahagia dapat dinikmati bila punya wang dan harta benda yang banyak. Ada yan g merasakan bahagia apabila dapat hidup berseronok - seronok. Ada juga yang mentakrifkan bahagia apabila punya waktu yang terluang. Bahagia terus ditafsir dalam makna yang pelbagai termasuklah kebebasan untuk melakukan apa sahaja. Menurut seorang sarjana Isl am tersohor, Dr. Yusuf Al - Qaradhawy , hanyalah keimanan yang dapat memancarkan ke dalam hati manusia sumber - sumber kebahagiaan yang dirindukan oleh setiap orang. Kebahagiaan baru menjadi suatu kenyataan yang dapat dirasakan hanyalah jika ada ketenangan, ket enteraman, keamanan batin, pengharapan, kepuasan, cita - cita dan kasih sayang. Untuk semua itu iman yang menjadi sumbernya. Tanpa ada keimanan, hal - hal di atas hanyalah dapat menjadi sebutan dan harapan kosong belaka. Dengan iman, tercipta keamanan lahir da n bati

The mechanism of mangrove tree in wave energy propagation

The role of mangrove trees in reducing the tsunami waves during the tragedy of Andaman tsunami occurred on December 26, 2004, has been credited and these indirectly raise awareness about the role of mangroves forest as a natural breakwater on the beach. This paper will focus on the mangrove trees from Avicennia and Rhizophora species in order to identify the methods of breaking wave energy that has been carried out by the mangrove roots and stems. Analysis of the mangrove roots coordination pattern had been conducted by gathering data at study site located at Kemaman, Terengganu and the data had been plotted in Gambit software for simulation purpose in Fluent Inc software. Hence, the simulation result showed that the ratio of wave height and velocity reduction may vary depending on factors such as the species of the mangrove trees and density of the roots that grow around the tree. Consequently, the study will be examining the waveform that is mitigated by the both species Avicennia and Rhizophora using turbulent flow and experiment will be conducted to validate the data obtained by the simulation

Dynamic responses of mini-TLP (seastar)

The focus of this research is on the Mini-Tension Leg Platform (mini-TLP). It is one of the available offshore floating structures that are available in the industry. To make sure that the construction of a mini-TLP is profitable, the optimum design need to be designed and there is a need to study more on the performance of this particular structure. Similar to other offshore structures, mini-TLP is also exposed to the intense action of wind, current and wave in the sea