4,192 research outputs found
Single-dot spectroscopy via elastic single-electron tunneling through a pair of coupled quantum dots
We study the electronic structure of a single self-assembled InAs quantum dot
by probing elastic single-electron tunneling through a single pair of weakly
coupled dots. In the region below pinch-off voltage, the non-linear threshold
voltage behavior provides electronic addition energies exactly as the linear,
Coulomb blockade oscillation does. By analyzing it, we identify the s and p
shell addition spectrum for up to six electrons in the single InAs dot, i.e.
one of the coupled dots. The evolution of shell addition spectrum with magnetic
field provides Fock-Darwin spectra of s and p shell.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Let
Investigating the hard X-ray emission from the hottest Abell cluster A2163 with Suzaku
We present the results from Suzaku observations of the hottest Abell galaxy
cluster A2163 at . To study the physics of gas heating in cluster
mergers, we investigated hard X-ray emission from the merging cluster A2163,
which hosts the brightest synchrotron radio halo. We analyzed hard X-ray
spectra accumulated from two-pointed Suzaku observations. Non-thermal hard
X-ray emission should result from the inverse Compton (IC) scattering of
relativistic electrons by the CMB photons. To measure this emission, the
dominant thermal emission in the hard X-ray band must be modeled in detail. To
this end, we analyzed the combined broad-band X-ray data of A2163 collected by
Suzaku and XMM-Newton, assuming single- and multi-temperature models for
thermal emission and the power-law model for non-thermal emission. From the
Suzaku data, we detected significant hard X-ray emission from A2163 in the
12-60 keV band at the level (or at the level if a
systematic error is considered). The Suzaku HXD spectrum alone is consistent
with the single-T thermal model of gas temperature keV. From the XMM
data, we constructed a multi-T model including a very hot ( keV)
component in the NE region. Incorporating the multi-T and the power-law models
into a two-component model with a radio-band photon index, the 12-60 keV energy
flux of non-thermal emission is constrained within . The 90% upper limit of detected IC
emission is marginal ( in the
12-60 keV). The estimated magnetic field in A2163 is .
While the present results represent a three-fold increase in the accuracy of
the broad band spectral model of A2163, more sensitive hard X-ray observations
are needed to decisively test for the presence of hard X-ray emission due to IC
emission.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figures, A&A accepted. Minor correctio
Yukawa Matrix for the Neutrino and Lepton Flavour Violation
We estimate the magnitude of Lepton Flavour Violation (LFV) from the phase of
the neutrino Yukawa matrix. In the minimal supersymmetric standard model with
right-handed neutrinos, the LFV processes l_i \to l_j \gamma can appear through
the slepton mixing, which comes from the renormalization group effect on the
right-handed neutrino Yukawa interaction between the Grand Unified Theory scale
and the heavy right-handed neutrino mass scale. Two types of phases exist in
the neutrino Yukawa matrix. One is the Majorana phase, which can change the
magnitude of the LFV branching ratios by a few factor. The other phases relate
for the size of the Yukawa hierarchy and its phase effect can change the LFV
branching ratios by several orders of magnitude.Comment: Talk given by K. Tsumura at NuFact04, Osaka, Japan, July 26 - August
1,2004 - 3 pages, 2 figure
Comparative study of macroscopic quantum tunneling in Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_y intrinsic Josephson junctions with different device structures
We investigated macroscopic quantum tunneling (MQT) of
BiSrCaCuO intrinsic Josephson junctions (IJJs) with two device
structures. One is a nanometer-thick small mesa structure with only two or
three IJJs and the other is a stack of a few hundreds of IJJs on a narrow
bridge structure. Experimental results of switching current distribution for
the first switching events from zero-voltage state showed a good agreement with
the conventional theory for a single Josephson junction, indicating that a
crossover temperature from thermal activation to MQT regime for the former
device structure was as high as that for the latter device structure. Together
with the observation of multiphoton transitions between quantized energy levels
in MQT regime, these results strongly suggest that the observed MQT behavior is
intrinsic to a single IJJ in high- cuprates, independent of device
structures. The switching current distribution for the second switching events
from the first resistive state, which were carefully distinguished from the
first switchings, was also compared between two device structures. In spite of
the difference in the heat transfer environment, the second switching events
for both devices were found to show a similar temperature-independent behavior
up to a much higher temperature than the crossover temperature for the first
switching. We argue that it cannot be explained in terms of the self-heating
owing to dissipative currents after the first switching. As possible
candidates, the MQT process for the second switching and the effective increase
of electronic temperature due to quasiparticle injection are discussed.Comment: 10pages, 7figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Voltage-controlled Group Velocity of Edge Magnetoplasmon in the Quantum Hall Regime
We investigate the group velocity of edge magnetoplasmons (EMPs) in the
quantum Hall regime by means of time-of-flight measurement. The EMPs are
injected from an Ohmic contact by applying a voltage pulse, and detected at a
quantum point contact by applying another voltage pulse to its gate. We find
that the group velocity of the EMPs traveling along the edge channel defined by
a metallic gate electrode strongly depends on the voltage applied to the gate.
The observed variation of the velocity can be understood to reflect the degree
of screening caused by the metallic gate, which damps the in-plane electric
field and hence reduces the velocity. The degree of screening can be controlled
by changing the distance between the gate and the edge channel with the gate
voltage.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figures, to be published in Physical Review
X-Ray Study of the Outer Region of Abell 2142 with Suzaku
We observed outer regions of a bright cluster of galaxies A2142 with Suzaku.
Temperature and brightness structures were measured out to the virial radius
() with good sensitivity. We confirmed the temperature drop from 9 keV
around the cluster center to about 3.5 keV at , with the density
profile well approximated by the model with . Within
0.4\r_{200}, the entropy profile agrees with , as predicted by the
accretion shock model. The entropy slope becomes flatter in the outer region
and negative around . These features suggest that the intracluster
medium in the outer region is out of thermal equilibrium. Since the relaxation
timescale of electron-ion Coulomb collision is expected to be longer than the
elapsed time after shock heating at , one plausible reason of the low
entropy is the low electron temperature compared to that of ions. Other
possible explanations would be gas clumpiness, turbulence and bulk motions of
ICM\@. We also searched for a warm-hot intergalactic medium around
and set an upper limit on the oxygen line intensity. Assuming a line-of-sight
depth of 2 Mpc and oxygen abundance of 0.1 solar, the upper limit of an
overdensity is calculated to be 280 or 380, depending on the foreground
assumption.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figure
Large gauge invariant non-standard neutrino interactions
Theories beyond the Standard Model must necessarily respect its gauge
symmetry. This implies strict constraints on the possible models of
non-standard neutrino interactions, which we analyze. The focus is set on the
effective low-energy dimension six and eight operators involving four leptons,
decomposing them according to all possible tree-level mediators, as a guide for
model building. The new couplings are required to have sizeable strength, while
processes involving four charged leptons are required to be suppressed. For
non-standard interactions in matter, only diagonal tau-neutrino interactions
can escape these requirements and can be allowed to result from dimension six
operators. Large non-standard neutrino interactions from dimension eight
operators alone are phenomenologically allowed in all flavour channels and
shown to require at least two new mediator particles. The new couplings must
obey general cancellation conditions both at the dimension six and eight
levels, which result from expressing the operators obtained from the mediator
analysis in terms of a complete basis of operators. We illustrate with one
example how to apply this information to model building.Comment: 34 pages, 4 figures, 5 tables. Final version in PR
Bi-maximal mixing at GUT, the low energy data and the leptogenesis
In the framework of the minimum supersymmetric model with right-handed
neutrinos, we consider the Bi-maximal mixing which is realized at the GUT scale
and discuss a question that this model can reproduce the low energy phenomena
and the leptogenesis.Comment: Talk given by E. Takasugi at NuFact04, Osaka, Japan, July 26 - August
1,2004 - 3 pages, 4 figure
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