83 research outputs found
Electron beam controlled covalent attachment of small organic molecules to graphene
Markevich A, Kurasch S, Lehtinen O, et al. Electron beam controlled covalent attachment of small organic molecules to graphene. NANOSCALE. 2016;8(5):2711-2719.The electron beam induced functionalization of graphene through the formation of covalent bonds between free radicals of polyaromatic molecules and C=C bonds of pristine graphene surface has been explored using first principles calculations and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. We show that the energetically strongest attachment of the radicals occurs along the armchair direction in graphene to carbon atoms residing in different graphene sub-lattices. The radicals tend to assume vertical position on graphene substrate irrespective of direction of the bonding and the initial configuration. The "standing up" molecules, covalently anchored to graphene, exhibit two types of oscillatory motion bending and twisting - caused by the presence of acoustic phonons in graphene and dispersion attraction to the substrate. The theoretically derived mechanisms are confirmed by near atomic resolution imaging of individual perchlorocoronene (C24Cl12) molecules on graphene. Our results facilitate the understanding of controlled functionalization of graphene employing electron irradiation as well as mechanisms of attachment of impurities via the processing of graphene nanoelectronic devices by electron beam lithography
The effect of risedronate on osteogenic lineage is mediated by cyclooxygenase-2 gene upregulation
FATTORE DI VON WILLEBRAND E PROGNOSI DELLA GLOMERULO-NEFRITE A DEPOSITI MESANGIALI DI IgA
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IL METABOLISMO IDRO-ELETTROLITICO NELLE MALATTIE DEL RENE (FISIOPATOLOGIA CLINICA E TERAPIA)
DEFECTIVE MINERALIZATION IN CHRONIC GLOMERULONEPHRITS WITH NORMAL RENAL FUNCTION OR WITH EARLY RENAL INSUFFICIENCY
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