3 research outputs found

    Nanoplateformes hybrides multimodales pour l'imagerie médicale

    Get PDF
    La problĂ©matique de ce projet de thĂšse Ă©tait de concevoir des nanoplateformes multimodales pour l'imagerie mĂ©dicale. Pour y rĂ©pondre, nous avons dans un premier temps, optimisĂ© un procĂ©dĂ© de synthĂšse de diffĂ©rentes NPs luminescentes de Ln2O3 et Ln2O2S (Ln = Gd, Dy et Ho), sphĂ©riques et monodisperses en taille. Le contrĂŽle des paramĂštres expĂ©rimentaux a permis de contrĂŽler le diamĂštre moyen des NPs (50 nm - 170 nm). Si les NPs de Gd2O2S :Eu3+ et Gd2O3 :Eu3+ sont fortement luminescentes sous excitation UV, les NPs de Ln2O3:Eu3+ et Ln2O2S:Eu3+ (Ln = Dy et Ho) quant Ă  elles ; ont rĂ©vĂ©lĂ© une faible luminescence sous excitation UV. Les NPs de Gd2O3: Er ; Yb et Gd2O2S : Er ; Yb sont aussi bien excitables en UV (400 et 380 nm) que dans le NIR (980 nm). Ce qui fait d'elles des NPs trĂšs versatiles utilisables aussi bien pour l'imagerie in vivo qu'in vitro. L'Ă©mission visible en " upconversion " se fait selon un processus Ă  2 photons. Nos NPs de Gd2O3: Er ; Yb et Gd2O2S : Er ; Yb sont donc de bonnes candidates pour le marquage biologique. Dans une 2Ăšme partie, nous avons enrobĂ© des NPs de Gd2O2S :Eu3+ d'une couche de silice aminĂ©e ou mĂ©soporeuse d'Ă©paisseur et de composition contrĂŽlables. Des tests de cytotoxicitĂ© et d'imagerie cellulaire in vitro ont montrĂ© que les NPs de Gd2O2S :Eu3+ sont, facilement internalisables par les cellules NIH3T3 ; non cytotoxiques jusqu'Ă  une concentration de 1 mg/mL et sont fortement luminescentes en microscopie Ă  fluorescence sous excitation Ă  365 nm. Ces NPs peuvent ĂȘtre considĂ©rĂ©es comme des marqueurs luminescents trĂšs efficaces aprĂšs internalisation par endocytose. Le greffage de l'anticorps IgG1 effectuĂ© sur les NPs Gd2O2S:Eu3+ a permis la dĂ©tection des bactĂ©ries E.coli. Enfin, dans une 3Ăšme partie, l'Ă©tude des propriĂ©tĂ©s relaxomĂ©triques a montrĂ© que la relaxivitĂ© obtenue pour des NPs de Dy2O2S de 85 nm de rayon, est meilleure que celle mesurĂ©e pour les agents de contraste nĂ©gatif commercialisĂ©s tels que le Ferumoxide (AMI-125) et le Ferumoxtran-10 (AMI-22). Cette relaxivitĂ© transversale augmente linĂ©airement avec le champ magnĂ©tique appliquĂ©. Les images obtenues par rĂ©sonance magnĂ©tique confirment la possibilitĂ© d'utilisation des NPs de Gd2O2S: Eu3+ et Dy2O2S: Eu3+ comme agents de contraste nĂ©gatif pour l'imagerie par rĂ©sonance magnĂ©tique. Les NPs de Gd2O2S:Eu3+ sont dĂ©tectables en tomographie par rayons X et donc potentiellement utilisables comme agent de contraste. Ce travail de thĂšse constitue une preuve du concept de nanoplateformes multimodales pour le diagnostic.This thesis aims to present the concept of multimodal nanoplatforms designed for medical imaging. Initially, a method of synthesis on different luminescent Ln2O2S (Ln = Gd, Dy and Ho) NPs, spherical and monodisperse in size was optimized. An experimental control of the synthesis parameters allows obtaining NPs with average diameter between 50 nm - 170 nm. If Gd2O2S: Eu3+ and Gd2O3: Eu3+ NPs are strongly luminescent under UV excitation, Ln2O3: Eu3+ and Ln2O2S: Eu3+ (Ln = Dy and Ho) NPs showed low luminescence. Gd2O3: Er;Yb and Gd2O2S: Er, Yb NPs are both excitable by UV (400 and 380 nm) as well as by NIR (980nm), which makes them very versatile NPs, enabling their use in vivo and in vitro imaging. Then, Gd2O2S: Eu3+ NPs surface has been modified by an amino-silica or by a mesoporous silica shell (thickness 10-15 nm). Gd2O2S: Eu3+ NPs can be easily internalized in living NIH3T3 mouse cells. It is not cytotoxic up to 1 mg/mL and can be easily imaged by epifluorescence microscopy with excitation in the NUV. When the IgG1 antibody is grafted onto Gd2O2S: Eu3+ NPs, a good bonding of IgG1-NPs to the E. coli bacterium surface was obtained. These observations indicated that the NPs recognized targets on the bacterium membrane through a combination with the IgG1 antibody. Finally, relaxometric properties showed that the relaxivity gotten by NPs Dy2O2S (85 nm in radius) is bigger than the one measured from the commercial negative contrast agents, such as Ferumoxide (AMI-125 ) and ferumoxtran-10 (AMI-22). This transverse relaxivity increases linearly with the applied magnetic field. The magnetic resonance images confirm the possibility of using Gd2O2S: Eu3+ and Dy2O2S: Eu3+ NPs as negative contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. The Gd2O2S: Eu3+ NPs are detectable in X-ray tomography, therefore it is potentially useful as a contrast agent. This thesis is a proof of multimodal nanoplatforms concept for diagnosis

    Adsorption of Textile Dyes on the Shells of Snails Achatina achatina and Lanistes varicus Acclimatized in Benin: Influence of Their Heating Treatment

    Get PDF
    The characterization of the shells of snails Achatina achatina and Lanistes varicus indicates that they contain calcium carbonate (98%) essentially aragonite, and organic matter (2%). The heating at 500°C during three hours (3 h) has destroyed their constitutive organic matter, converted the aragonite form completely into the calcite and reduced their specific surfaces. The effects of these modifications have been revealed in the adsorption in aqueous environment of methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) which are respectively cationic and anionic dyes. The results showed that the sorption of these dyes on the raw shells is more important than the heated shells. The methylene blue has more affinity for shells than methyl orange. Between these two types of snails, the shells of Lanistes varicus have a higher capacity of adsorption. This sorption of the methylene blue is more in relationship with the Freundlich model ( for EG and for EA) comparatively to Langmuir model If the shells of these snails were calcined before using for the cicatrizing of the human cutaneous wounds in Benin. In the case of the sorption of organic molecule, it will be necessary to avoid submitting them to a preliminary heat treatment

    Nanoplateformes hybrides multimodales pour l'imagerie médicale

    No full text
    TOULOUSE3-BU Sciences (315552104) / SudocSudocFranceF
    corecore