Drought legacy effects on root morphological traits and plant biomass via soil biota feedback

1. Drought causes soil feedback effects on plant performance. However, how the linkages between conditioned soil biota and root traits contribute to explain plant–soil feedback (PSF) as a function of drought is unknown. 2. We utilized soil inoculum from a conditioning experiment where grassland species grew under well-watered and drought conditions, and their soil fungi were analyzed. Under well-watered conditions, we grew 21 grassland species with those inocula from either conspecific or heterospecific soils. At harvest, plant biomass and root traits were measured. 3. Negative PSF (higher biomass in heterospecific than in conspecific soils) was predominant, and favored in drought-conditioned soils. Previous drought affected the relationship between root traits and fungal groups. Specific root surface area (SRSA) was higher in heterospecific than in conspecific droughted soils and was linked to an increase in saprotroph richness. Overall, root diameter was higher in conspecific soils and was linked to mutualist and pathogen composition, whereas the decrease of root : shoot in heterospecific soils was linked to pathogenic fungi. 4. Drought legacy affects biomass and root morphological traits via conditioned soil biota, even after the drought conditions have disappeared. This provides new insights into the role that soil biota have modulating PSF responses to drought

Programa madre canguro: una alternativa sencilla y costo eficaz para la protección de los recien nacidos prematuros o con bajo peso al nacer

Objetivo Describir la eficacia y logros del PMC sobre la salud y el desarrollo de los recién nacidos prematuros o con bajo peso al nacer en el Hospital San Rafael de Tunja durante el periodo comprendido entre Noviembre de 2007 y Octubre 31 de 2009 en sus diferentes componentes. Métodos Estudio observacional descriptivo de una cohorte. Se incluyeron 374 recién nacidos prematuros o con bajo peso al nacer, para evaluar factores sociodemográfi­cos del hogar, antecedentes maternos y obstétricos, características y complicacio­nes del parto y seguimiento hasta las 40 semanas de edad postconcepcional. Resultados Altas prevalencias de embarazo adolescente (17,5 %) y en mayores de 35 años (12,6 %); embarazo no deseado (40,6 %); baja calidad y disponibilidad de alimentos en la familia; complicaciones como toxemia gravídica, infecciones y rup­tura prematura de membranas;  peso promedio al nacer de 1969 gramos; peso pro­medio al egreso 2742,9 gramos; ganancia promedio de  peso por día de 22 gramos. Conclusiones Se encuentra que la metodología del programa Madre Canguro me­jora sustancialmente los aspectos psicológicos de la madre y el pronóstico de salud de los recién nacidos y permite la estabilización de la temperatura corporal, del ritmo de ganancia de peso, a la vez que disminuye los riesgos de complicaciones y de infección nosocomial. También disminuye los costos de atención y estancia hospita­laria

Patterns of shade plant diversity in four agroforestry systems across Central America: a meta-analysis

Abstract Agroforestry systems can potentially increase tree diversity within agricultural landscapes, but to date, there is little understanding of the patterns of shade plant diversity within different agroforestry systems (AFS) at large spatial scales. Using compiled plant inventory data (from 23 sources, 2517 plots, and 148,255 individuals) encompassing four AFS (shaded coffee; shaded cocoa; dispersed trees on pastures; and live fences) across six countries in Central America we estimated different metrics of diversity to assess the conservation value of different AFS for shade plants. 458 shade plant species were recorded across the four agroforestry systems. Primary forest species accounted for 28% of the shade species recorded, but only 6% of the recorded individuals. No single AFS was consistently the most diverse across countries when considering rarefied species richness. Trees on pastures can potentially reach a similar species richness as cocoa and coffee systems but require sampled areas 7–30 times larger. In terms of composition, 29 species were shared across the agroforestry systems in different countries, illustrating the strong selection pressure of farmers for species that provide timber, firewood, and fruit. Our study highlights the potential contribution and limitations of different AFS for tree diversity conservation within agricultural landscapes

Evaluación de ligamiento del Trastorno Afectivo Bipolar con marcadores STR en las regiones cromosómicas 18p12, 18q22-23, 21q22 Y 12q23

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: Arial">El Trastorno Afectivo Bipolar (TAB) se caracteriza por episodios fluctuantes y cíclicos de oscilación del estado de ánimo o tono energético vital, de días, semanas o meses de duración, que pueden ir desde el apagamiento vital global o depresión hasta la exaltación vital global o manía. Estos ciclos están separados usualmente por períodos de remisión completa de la sintomatología. Su curso es generalmente crónico y recurrente (Kaplan y Sadock 1995, DSM IV).</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: Arial">La prevalencia del TAB en la población general varía del 0.4 al 1.6%. En el Segundo Estudio de Salud Mental realizado en Colombia en el año de 1997 se encontró que la prevalencia en la vida de TAB I es de 1.2%, siendo un poco más alta en hombres (1.3%) que en mujeres (1.1%) (Torres y Montoya 1997).</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: Arial">Desde hace varias décadas, numerosos estudios del TAB incluyendo estudios de agregación familiar y de gemelos han indicado la existencia de un componente genético importante en la etiología de esta enfermedad (Craddock y Owen 1996, Craddock 1996, DePaulo y McMahoon 1996, Freimer 1997, Plomin et al. 1997).</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 8.5pt; font-family: Arial">Hasta ahora han sido varios los genes candidatos en la susceptibilidad a desarrollar TAB, sin embargo, la identificación de genes que juegan un papel importante en la etiología del TAB es muy probablemente el reflejo de la complejidad clínica y genética de esta entidad, la cual no sigue un patrón de herencia mendeliano simple (Reus y Freimer 1997). Hasta el momento se han publicado estudios que reportan ligamiento genético a múltiples regiones del genoma, sin embargo, los diversos reportes positivos de ligamiento son difíciles de comparar debido, entre otros, a la variabilidad de los criterios diagnósticos utilizados en cada uno. Lo anterior establece la dificultad para definir regiones claramente comprometidas en la etiología del TAB y subraya la necesidad de estudios adicionales que evalúen cada una de las regiones candidatas. Es por esto que nos proponemos, como objetivo general, evaluar hipótesis de ligamiento del TAB a marcadores candidatos en cuatro regiones del genoma en familias estudiadas en la Clínica de Trastornos Afectivos (CTA) del Departamento de Psiquiatría del Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl, Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Antioquia; esto se hará utilizando métodos paramétricos en aquellas familias que cumplan con los siguientes criterios: 1- Depuración de fenotipo en los sujetos de las familias participantes utilizando protocolos clínicos específicos (DSM I V, FIGS, DIGS, BED). 2- Escogencia de los extendidos familiares, que por análisis de simulación, presenten el mayor poder (LS > 3) con P >0.05. Por ultimo se realizará la genotipificación de marcadores anónimos (STRs) que han sido reportados en la literatura con algún grado de asociación o ligamiento al fenotipo. Hasta el momento se tienen muestras de DNA pertenecientes a miembros de cuatro familias que cumplen con los requerimientos anteriormente descritos; el próximo paso será la genotipificación de los marcadores a estudiar en cada uno de ellos.</span></p&gt

Evidence for a Role of the NOS1AP (CAPON) Gene in Schizophrenia and Its Clinical Dimensions: An Association Study in a South American Population Isolate

Background/Aims: Recent studies have implicated a region on chromosome 1q21-23, including the NOS1AP gene, in susceptibility to schizophrenia. However, replication studies have been inconsistent, a fact that could partly relate to the marked psychopathological heterogeneity of schizophrenia. The aim of this study is to evaluate association of polymorphisms in the NOS1AP gene region to schizophrenia, in patients from a South American population isolate, and to assess if these variants are associated with specific clinical dimensions of the disorder. Methods: We genotyped 24 densely spaced SNPs in the NOS1AP gene region in a schizophrenia trio sample. The transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) was applied to single marker and haplotype data. Association to clinical dimensions (identified by factor analysis) was evaluated using a quantitative transmission disequilibrium test (QTDT). Results: We found significant association between eight SNPs in the NOS1AP gene region to schizophrenia (minimum p value = 0.004). The QTDT analysis of clinical dimensions revealed an association to a dimension consisting mainly of negative symptoms (minimum p value 0.001). Conclusions: Our findings are consistent with a role for NOS1AP in susceptibility to schizophrenia, especially for the ‘negative syndrome’ of the disorder

Proceedings of the Canadian society of allergy and clinical immunology annual scientific meeting 2015

Table of contents A1 Role of fibrocytes in allergic rhinitis Marie-Ève Côté, Marie-Ève Boulay, Sophie Plante, Jamila Chakir, Louis-Philippe Boulet A2 Patterns of aeroallergens sensitization in Northern Alberta Hanan Ahmed, Maria-Beatriz Ospina, Kyriaki Sideri, Harissios Vliagoftis A3 Addressing acceptable risk for adolescents with Food-Induced Anaphylaxis (FIA) Sara F. Johnson, Roberta L. Woodgate A4 Outcomes of matched related and unrelated bone marrow transplantation after reduced-toxicity conditioning for children suffering from Chronic Granulomatous Disease Guilhem Cros, Pierre Teira, Sonia Cellot, Henrique Bittencourt, Helene Decaluwe, Marie France Vachon, Michel Duval, Elie Haddad A5 Outcomes of patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) prior to and after initiation of newborn screening for SCID in Ontario Vy H.D. Kim, Anne Pham-Huy, Eyal Grunebaum A6 Detection of regulatory B cells in the airways of subjects with asthma John-Paul Oliveria, Stephanie Phan, Mark W. Tenn, Damian Tworek, Steven G. Smith, Adrian J. Baatjes, Caitlin D. Obminski, Caroline E. Munoz, Tara X. Scime, Roma Sehmi, Gail M Gauvreau A7 Characterization of IgE-expressing B cells in the airways and peripheral blood of allergic asthmatic subjects John-Paul Oliveria, Stephanie Phan, Mark W. Tenn, Brittany M Salter, Steven G Smith, Caitlin D Obminski, Caroline E Munoz, Abbey Schlatman, Tara X Scime, Rick Watson, Roma Sehmi, Gail M Gauvreau A8 Pregnancy: could it be a risk factor for primary immunodeficient patients Roya Sherkat, Razieh Khoshnevisan, Saba Sheikhbahaei A9 Clinical experience with Octagam: a Canadian retrospective chart review Stephen Betschel, Richard Warrington, Robert Schellenberg A10 Kounis syndrome secondary to contrast media with inferior ST elevations and bilateral ischemic stroke Michael N Fein, Jean-Philippe Pelletier A11 Honey bee venom immunotherapy ineffective in bumble bee-induced anaphylaxis: case report and review of literature Manstein Kan, Robert Schellenberg A12 Delayed immune reconstitution occurring after multiple immune complications of hematological stem cell transplantation for a leaky SCID Roxane Labrosse, Guilhem Cros, Pierre Teira, Henrique Bittencourt, Helene Decaluwe, Michel Duval, Elie Haddad A13 Comparison of Three Case Reports of Acquired Angioedema: presentation, management and outcome Raymond Mak, James Loh, Amin Kanani A14 Sitagliptin-associated angioedema not related to concurrent use of ARB or ACE inhibitor Dominik A. Nowak, Paul K. Keith A15 Sneddon-Wilkinson subcorneal pustular dermatosis associated with an IgA monoclonal gammopathy Daniel Pannozzo, Dominik A. Nowak, Hermenio C. Lima A16 Omalizumab can be effective in patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis Diana Pham, Hoang Pham, Gonzalo G. Alvarez, Istvan T. Bencze, Krishna B. Sharma, Mark Smith, Shawn Aaron, Jennifer Block, Tara Keays, Judith Leech, David Schneidermen, Jodi Cameron, Jennifer Forgie, Alicia Ring, John W. O’Quinn, Stephanie Santucci, William H. Yang A17 Efficacious use of omalizumab in the treatment of cystic fibrosis Diana Pham, Hoang Pham, Ena Gaudet, Shawn Aaron, Stephanie Santucci, William H. Yang A18 HAE with normal C1-INH with inconsistent response to C1 esterase inhibitor infusion but reliably responsive to icatibant Hoang Pham, Stephanie Santucci, William H. Yang A19 Anaphylaxis reaction to lactase enzyme Mathew R. Voisin, Rozita Borici-Mazi A20 Risk of solid tumor malignancies in patients with primary immune deficiency Kateryna Vostretsova, Donald F. Stark A21 Is it time to adopt the chromogenic assay for measuring C1 esterase inhibitor function in patients with HAE Type 2? Elizabeth Yeboah, Paul K. Keith A22 Emergency department visits for anaphylaxis and allergic reactions Michelle Martin-Rhee, Cheryl Gula, Clare Cheng, Geoff Paltser A23 START: Susceptibility To food Allergies in a Registry of Twins Alizée Dery, Ann Clarke, Kari Nadeau, Laurie Harada, Kimberley Weatherall, Celia Greenwood, Denise Daley, Yuka Asai, Moshe Ben-Shoshan A24 Qualifying the diagnostic approach employed by allergists when managing patients with self-diagnosed non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) Lee Horgan, Teresa Pun A25 Retrospective analysis on the agreement between skin prick test and serum food specific IgE antibody in adults with suspected food allergy Ling Ling, Maria B. Ospina, Kyriaki Sideri, Harissios Vliagoftis A26 Staple food hypersensitivity from infancy to adolescence: a report from the BAMSE cohort Jennifer L.P. Protudjer, Mirja Vetander, Marianne van Hage, Ola Olén, Magnus Wickman, Anna Bergström A27 Evaluating the impact of supervised epinephrine autoinjector administration during food challenges on perceived parent confidence Timothy Teoh, Christopher Mill, Tiffany Wong, Ingrid Baerg, Angela Alexander, Kyla J. Hildebrand, John Dean, Boris Kuzeljevic, Edmond S. Chan A28 Local immunoglobulin production to Aspergillus fumigatus cystic fibrosis Jonathan Argeny, Mia Gona-Hoepler, Petra Fucik, Edith Nachbaur, Saskia Gruber, Reto Crameri, Andreas Glaser, Zsolt Szépfalusi, Claudio Rhyner, Thomas Eiwegger A29 Extract consumption with skin prick test (SPT) devices Greg. Plunkett, Brad Mire A30 Evaluation of our cases with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug reactions Mehtap Yazicioglu, Ceren Can, Gokce Ciplak A31 Reasons for referral and final diagnoses in a tertiary care pediatric allergy clinic Victoria E. Cook, Kyla J. Hildebrand, Elodie Portales-Casamar, Christopher Mill, Edmond S. Chan A32 Internist referral practices for inpatients with self-reported penicillin allergies at a tertiary care teaching hospital Michael N Fein, Emil P Nashi A33 Assessing the risk of reactions in children with a negative oral challenge after a subsequent use of amoxicillin Sofianne Gabrielli, Christopher Mill, Marie-Noel Primeau, Christine Lejtenyi, Elena Netchiporouk, Alizee Dery, Greg Shand, Moshe Ben-Shoshan A34 Validity of self-reported penicillin allergies Erica Hoe, Joel Liem A35 Effectiveness of allergy-test directed elimination diets in eosinophilic esophagitis Jason K. Ko, David J.T. Huang, Jorge A. Mazza A36 Allergy testing and dietary management in pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE): A retrospective review of a tertiary Canadian centre’s experience Mary McHenry, Anthony Otley,Wade Watson A37 Visualizing the impact of atopic and allergic skin disease Dominik A. Nowak, John N. Kraft A38 Cystic fibrosis with and without nasal polyposis in pediatric patients: a cross-sectional comparative study Mihaela Paina, Ahmed A. Darwish Hassan, Delia Heroux, Lynn Crawford, Gail Gauvreau, Judah Denburg, Linda Pedder, Paul K. Keith A39 Evaluation of macrolide antibiotic hypersensitivity: the role of oral challenges in children Bahar Torabi, Marie-Noel Primeau, Christine Lejtenyi, Elaine Medoff, Jennifer Mill, Moshe Ben-Shoshan A40 Venom allergy testing: is a graded approach necessary? Jaclyn A. Quirt, Xia Wen, Jonathan Kim, Angel Jimenez Herrero, Harold L. Kim A41 The role of oral challenges in evaluating cephalosporin hypersensitivity reactions in children Magdalena J. Grzyb, Marie-Noël Primeau, Christine Lejtenyi, Elaine Medoff, Jennifer Mill, Moshe Ben-Shoshan A42 Breastfeeding and infant wheeze, atopy and atopic dermatitis: findings from the Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development Study Meghan B. Azad, Zihang Lu, Allan B. Becker, Padmaja Subbarao, Piushkumar J. Mandhane, Stuart E. Turvey, Malcolm R. Sears, the CHILD Study Investigators A43 IL33 DNA methylation in bronchial epithelial cells is associated to asthma Anne-Marie Boucher-Lafleur, Valérie Gagné-Ouellet, Éric Jacques, Sophie Plante, Jamila Chakir, Catherine Laprise A44 NRF2 mediates the antioxidant response to organic dust-induced oxidative stress in bronchial epithelial cells Michael Chen, Toby McGovern, Mikael Adner, James G. Martin A45 The effects of perinatal distress, immune biomarkers and mother-infant interaction quality on childhood atopic dermatitis (rash) at 18 months Nela Cosic, Henry Ntanda, Gerald Giesbrecht, Anita Kozyrskyj, Nicole Letourneau A46 Examining the immunological mechanisms associated with cow’s milk allergy Bassel Dawod, Jean Marshall A47 Tryptase levels in children presenting with anaphylaxis to the Montréal Children’s Hospital Sarah De Schryver, Michelle Halbrich, Ann Clarke, Sebastian La Vieille, Harley Eisman, Reza Alizadehfar, Lawrence Joseph, Judy Morris, Moshe Ben-Shoshan A48 Secondhand tobacco smoke exposure in infancy and the development of food hypersensitivity from childhood to adolescence Laura Y. Feldman, Jesse D. Thacher, Inger Kull, Erik Melén, Göran Pershagen, Magnus Wickman, Jennifer L. P. Protudjer, Anna Bergström A49 Combined exposure to diesel exhaust and allergen enhances allergic inflammation in the bronchial submucosa of atopic subjects Ali Hosseini, Tillie L. Hackett, Jeremy Hirota, Kelly McNagny, Susan Wilson, Chris Carlsten A50 Comparison of skin-prick test measurements by an automated system against the manual method Saiful Huq, Rishma Chooniedass, Brenda Gerwing, Henry Huang, Diana Lefebvre, Allan Becker A51 The accurate identification and quantification of urinary biomarkers of asthma and COPD through the use of novel DIL- LC-MS/MS methods Mona M. Khamis, Hanan Awad, Kevin Allen, Darryl J. Adamko, Anas El-Aneed A52 Systemic immune pathways associated with the mechanism of Cat-Synthetic Peptide Immuno-Regulatory Epitopes, a novel immunotherapy, in whole blood of cat-allergic people Young Woong Kim, Daniel R. Gliddon, Casey P. Shannon, Amrit Singh, Pascal L. C. Hickey, Anne K. Ellis, Helen Neighbour, Mark Larche, Scott J. Tebbutt A53 Reducing the health disparities: online support for children with asthma and allergies from low-income families Erika Ladouceur, Miriam Stewart, Josh Evans, Jeff Masuda, Nicole Letourneau, Teresa To, Malcolm King A54 Epigenetic association of PSORS1C1 and asthma in the Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean asthma study Miriam Larouche, Liming Liang, Catherine Laprise A55 IL-33 induces cytokine and chemokine production in human mast cells Stephanie A. Legere, Ian D. Haidl, Jean-Francois Legaré, Jean S. Marshall A56 Reference ranges for lung clearance index from infancy to adolescence for Canadian population Zihang Lu, Malcolm Sears, Theo J. Moraes, Felix Ratjen, Per Gustafsson, Wendy Lou, Padmaja Subbarao A57 Kingston Allergy Birth Cohort: cohort profile and mother/child characteristics to age 2 Michelle L. North, Elizabeth Lee, Vanessa Omana, Jenny Thiele, Jeff Brook, Anne K. Ellis A58 Cow’s milk protein specific IgE, IgA and IgG4 as a predictor of outcome in oral immunotherapy Tanvir Rahman, Duncan Lejtenyi, Sarah De Schryver, Ryan Fiter, Ciriaco Piccirillo, Moshe Ben-Shoshan, Bruce Mazer A59 Age of peanut introduction and development of reactions and sensitization to peanut Elinor Simons, Allan B. Becker, Rishma Chooniedass, Kyla Hildebrand, Edmond S. Chan, Stuart Turvey, Padmaja Subbarao, Malcolm Sears A60 Multi-omic blood biomarker signatures of the late phase asthmatic response Amrit Singh, Casey P. Shannon, Young Woong Kim, Mari DeMarco, Kim-Anh Le Cao, Gail M. Gauvreau, J. Mark FitzGerald, Louis-Philippe Boulet, Paul M. O’Byrne, Scott J. Tebbutt A61 Early life gut microbial alterations in children diagnosed with asthma by three years of age Leah T. Stiemsma, Marie-Claire Arrieta, Jasmine Cheng, Pedro A. Dimitriu, Lisa Thorson, Sophie Yurist, Boris Kuzeljevic, Diana L. Lefebvre, Padmaja Subbarao, Piush Mandhane, Allan Becker, Malcolm R. Sears, Kelly M. McNagny, Tobias Kollmann, the CHILD Study Investigators, William W. Mohn, B. Brett Finlay, Stuart E. Turvey A62 The relationship between food sensitization and atopic dermatitis at age 1 year in a Canadian birth cohort Maxwell M. Tran, Diana L. Lefebvre, Chinthanie F. Ramasundarahettige, Allan B. Becker, Wei Hao Dai, Padmaja Subbarao, Piush J. Mandhane, Stuart E. Turvey, Malcolm R. Sears A63 Allergen inhalation enhances Toll-like receptor-induced thymic stromal lymphopoietin receptor expression by hematopoietic progenitor cells in mild asthmatics Damian Tworek, Delia Heroux, Seamus N. O’Byrne, Paul M. O’Byrne, Judah A. Denburg A64 The Allergic Rhinitis Clinical Investigator Collaborative – replicated eosinophilia on repeated cumulative allergen challenges in nasal lavage samples Laura Walsh, Mena Soliman, Jenny Thiele, Lisa M. Steacy, Daniel E. Adams, Anne K. Ellis A65 The CHILD Study: optimizing subject retention in pediatric longitudinal cohort research Linda Warner, Mary Ann Mauro, Robby Mamonluk, Stuart E. Turvey A66 Differential expression of C3a and C5a in allergic asthma ChenXi Yang, Amrit Singh, Casey P. Shannon, Young Woong Kim, Ed M. Conway, Scott J. Tebbut