Modeling of high energy impact on ice in taking into account the temperature

In this paper, the problems deep penetration of compact impactors into the ice, taking into account different temperatures were solved. The behavior of ice is described by the basic system equations of continuum mechanics, i.e., the equations of continuity, momentum and energy in the lagrangian approach. Medium are compressible, isotropic, no mass forces, internal sources of heat and thermal conductivity. Medium also includethe shockwave phenomena, as well as formation “spall” and “shear” damage. The stress tensor is divided into deviatoric and spherical components. Equation of statewas chosen in the form of Walsh. The components of the stress tensor deviator located on the elasticplastic flow model based on the equations of Prandtl-Reis associated with von Mises yield criterion. Initial impactor velosity was varied atfrom 50 to 325 m/s. Numerical simulation results showed the influence of temperature of the ice to the depth of penetration of the impactors

A.Eye Drive: gaze-based semi-autonomous wheelchair interface

Existing wheelchair control interfaces, such as sip & puff or screen based gaze-controlled cursors, are challenging for the severely disabled to navigate safely and independently as users continuously need tointeract with an interface during navigation. This putsa significant cognitive load on users and prevents them from interacting with the environment in other forms during navigation. We have combined eyetracking/gaze-contingent intention decoding with computervision context-awarealgorithms and autonomous navigation drawn fromself-driving vehicles to allow paralysed users to drive by eye, simply by decoding natural gaze about where the user wants to go: A.Eye Drive. Our “Zero UI” driving platform allows users to look and interact visually with at an objector destination of interest in their visual scene, and the wheelchairautonomously takes the user to the intended destination, while continuously updating the computed path for static and dynamic obstacles. This intention decoding technology empowers the end-user by promising more independence through their own agency

РОЛЬ СУКЦИНАТОВ ПРИ КРИТИЧЕСКИХ СОСТОЯНИЯХ

The literature review reflects the present view of pathological mechanisms for mitochondrial dysfunction in hypoxia during critical conditions. It notes the role of succinates in the development of mitochondrial dysfunction, further organdisorders, and multiple organ dysfunctions in different diseases during emergency hypoxia adaptation only due to the mobilization of energy resources: their centralization, intensified carbohydrate, fat, and protein catabolism, as well as to suppressed anabolic processes in tissues. The mechanism of emergency adaptation to hypoxia during critical conditions develops with a characteristic decrease in the amount of succinate (as a substrate for the enzyme), which enables the correction of its deficiency with the promising increase of oxygen consumption, the activation of aerobic oxygenation processes, and the reduction of intracellular aerobic metabolic processes.В обзоре литературы отражен современный взгляд на патофизиологические механизмы развития митохондриальной дисфункции при гипоксии критических состояний. Отмечена роль сукцинатов в развитии митохондриальной дисфункции, последующих органных расстройств и полиорганной недостаточности при различной патологии в период срочной адаптации к гипоксии, которая осуществляется за счет мобилизации энергоресурсов: их централизации, интенсификации катаболизма углеводов, жиров и белков, а также подавления анаболических процессов в тканях. Механизм срочной адаптации к гипоксии при критических состояниях развивается с характерным уменьшением количества сукцината (субстрата для фермента), что позволяет проводить коррекцию его дефицита с перспективой увеличения потребления кислорода, активации процессов аэробного окисления и восстановления процессов внутриклеточного аэробного метаболизма

Josephson Vortex Lattice Melting in Bi-2212

In a recent study The experiment was conducted on overdoped Bi-2212 layered structures (mesas) (see We measured the oscillating Josephson vortex flow resistance of the mesa as a function of the parallel magnetic field at several constant temperatures, with a small temperature step (see The experimentally determined Josephson vortex lattice melting diagram is consistent with the theoretical model. The maximum temperature T 0 at which the BKT phase exists corresponds to zero-field BKT transition. The critical field B * estimated for our samples with γ = 500 [11] is 0.5 T, which is close to the measured 0.6-0.7 T. The upper boundary of the triangularlattice state is also in qualitative agreement with the theoretically predicted melting line B ( T ): the field B increases with decreasing T . The continuous decrease to zero in oscillation amplitude with increasing temperature or magnetic field suggests that the boundary corresponds to a second-order phase transition. This points to a melting transition to a BKT state, because the melting transition from Josephson-lattice to BKT state must be a second-order transition at γ > 9 and B > B * In contrast to the upper boundary, the lower boundary is characterized by rapid decrease in oscillation amplitude with applied field. Currently, the mechanism underlying the lower boundary is not well understood. The oscillations occur at B > 0.5 T and are almost independent of temperature. This corresponds to the minimum of 5-7 triangular-lattice periods required for the commensuration. We believe that the lower boundary of triangular lattice states is associated with formation of a dense lattice. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank A.M. Nikitina (Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences) for providing us with single-crystal Bi-2212 whiskers. This work was supported under programs for collaboration between Russian Academy of Sciences and KOSEF (Republic of Korea) and between CRTBT (France) and IREE RAS (RFBR project no. 03-02-22001-NTsNI_a), as well as by Division of Physical Sciences of the RAS under the program "Strongly correlated electron systems and quantum critical phenomena.&quot

Anomalous asymmetry of magnetoresistance in NbSe3_3 single crystals

A pronounced asymmetry of magnetoresistance with respect to the magnetic field direction is observed for NbSe$_3$ crystals placed in a magnetic field perpendicular to their conducting planes. It is shown that the effect persists in a wide temperature range and manifests itself starting from a certain magnetic induction value $B_0$, which at $T=4.2$ K corresponds to the transition to the quantum limit, i.to the state where the Landay level splitting exceeds the temperature.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures, to be appeared in JETP Let

Critical behavior of two-dimensional cubic and MN models in the five-loop renormalization-group approximation

The critical thermodynamics of the two-dimensional N-vector cubic and MN models is studied within the field-theoretical renormalization-group (RG) approach. The beta functions and critical exponents are calculated in the five-loop approximation and the RG series obtained are resummed using the Borel-Leroy transformation combined with the generalized Pad\'e approximant and conformal mapping techniques. For the cubic model, the RG flows for various N are investigated. For N=2 it is found that the continuous line of fixed points running from the XY fixed point to the Ising one is well reproduced by the resummed RG series and an account for the five-loop terms makes the lines of zeros of both beta functions closer to each another. For the cubic model with N\geq 3, the five-loop contributions are shown to shift the cubic fixed point, given by the four-loop approximation, towards the Ising fixed point. This confirms the idea that the existence of the cubic fixed point in two dimensions under N>2 is an artifact of the perturbative analysis. For the quenched dilute O(M) models ($MN$ models with N=0) the results are compatible with a stable pure fixed point for M\geq1. For the MN model with M,N\geq2 all the non-perturbative results are reproduced. In addition a new stable fixed point is found for moderate values of M and N.Comment: 26 pages, 3 figure

Cellular Structures for Computation in the Quantum Regime

We present a new cellular data processing scheme, a hybrid of existing cellular automata (CA) and gate array architectures, which is optimized for realization at the quantum scale. For conventional computing, the CA-like external clocking avoids the time-scale problems associated with ground-state relaxation schemes. For quantum computing, the architecture constitutes a novel paradigm whereby the algorithm is embedded in spatial, as opposed to temporal, structure. The architecture can be exploited to produce highly efficient algorithms: for example, a list of length N can be searched in time of order cube root N.Comment: 11 pages (LaTeX), 3 figure