Potencial fisiológico de sementes de milho híbrido tratadas com inseticidas e armazenadas em duas condições de ambiente

Seed treatment is a widely disseminated practice in Brazilian cultural areas, which linked to other cultural practices, has contributed to the increase in productivity, cost reduction, final product improvement, environmental damage reduction as well as good seed protection in the field level and storage. The work had the objective to check the insecticide effect on the germination and vigor of the hybrid maize seeds, stored in two environmental conditions. The seeds were treated with three insecticides, identified as: Insecticide one (Thiametoxan); Insecticide two (Neonicotinoide) and Insecticide three [Neonicotinoide + (Imidaclopride+thiodicarbe)]. After being treated, the seeds were stored for a period of 270 days, in two different places, one with (10ºC) temperature and relative humidity (60%) and another under normal condition of storage. During this period evaluations were accomplished every 45 days, through germination and vigor tests. In addition to germination and cooling tests, sanitation analysis, seedling emergency and seed inoculation were carried out. After that the seeds were stored for a period of 30 days in environmental places with and without control of air condition. The results obtained allow to conclude that the maintenance of seed quality of hybrid maize, treated with insecticides, depends on the hybrid and chemical product used in their treatment and that the reduction in feasibility and vigor of seeds treated with thiametoxan is intensified due to the storage period extension.O tratamento de sementes é uma prática largamente difundida nas áreas agrícolas brasileiras, a qual, associada às demais práticas culturais, tem contribuído para o incremento na produtividade, redução de custos, melhoria da qualidade do produto final, redução de danos ao ambiente e oferta uma boa proteção às sementes, tanto em nível de campo quanto no armazenamento. O trabalho teve como objetivo verificar o efeito do tratamento inseticida sobre a germinação e o vigor das sementes de milho híbrido, armazenadas em duas condições de ambiente. As sementes foram tratadas com três inseticidas, identificados como: Inseticida 1 (Thiametoxan); Inseticida 2 (Neonicotinóide) e Inseticida 3 [Neonicotinóide+(Imidaclopride+Thiodicarbe)]. Após tratadas as sementes foram armazenadas por um período de 270 dias, em dois ambientes, sendo um com controle de temperatura (10ºC) e umidade relativa (60%) e outro em condições normais de armazenamento. Durante este período realizou-se avaliações a cada 45 dias, através dos testes de germinação e vigor. Além dos testes de germinação e teste de frio foi realizada a emergência de plântulas após as sementes permanecerem armazenadas por um período de 30 dias em ambientes sem controle e com controle das condições do ar. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que a qualidade das sementes armazenadas de milho híbrido, tratadas com inseticidas é influenciada pelo produto químico empregado no tratamento das mesmas, dependente do híbrido e das condições do ambiente de armazenamento e que a redução na viabilidade e no vigor de sementes tratadas com thiametoxan, intensifica-se com o prolongamento do período de armazenamento

Effect of seed physiological and sanitary quality on the performance of onion seedlings

O trabalho foi realizado em 1988, no laboratório de análise de sementes da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, e no campo experimental da EMBRAPA-CNPFT, em Pelotas, RS, objetivando associar qualidade fisiológica e sanitária das sementes, com qualidade de mudas de cebola. Os trabalhos constaram de diferentes lotes de sementes e classificação em mesa de gravidade. Os parâmetros avaliados em laboratório foram: vigor, germinação, sanidade e peso de mil sementes; quanto às mudas, avaliou-se a emergência, vigor, número por classe (0 pseudocaule) e número e peso total. Pelos resultados conclui-se que: a) o desempenho dos lotes correspondeu à sua classificação prévia; b) a classificação em mesa de gravidade é eficaz na separação das sementes por qualidade física, fisiológica e sanitária; c) sementes mais pesadas expressam qualidade fisiológica superior, originando mudas mais vigorosas e em maior quantidade; d) em mesa de gravidade com quatro pontos de descarga, não é necessário repassar as sementes separadas na bica 3, podendo estas ser misturadas, de imediato, às bicas 1 e 2, para lotes de alta e média qualidade.This research was developed during 1988, in the seed analysis laboratory of the Universidade Federal de Pelotas and in the fields of the EMBRAPA-CNPFT, Brazil. The objectives of this work were: to test the efficiency of the gravity table on onion seed separation from different quality seed batches, and to observe the influence of the physiological and sanitary quality of the seeds on the performance of seedlings. Seed batches of different quality were classified in a gravity table. The parameters observed in the laboratory were: germination, vigour, healthiness, and seed weight. The parameters observed in the field were: emergence, seedling vigour diameter, total number and wight. It was concluded that: a) the performance of the seed batches corresponded to the classification made previosly in the lab; b) the gravity table was efficient in separating seeds of different physiological and sanitary quality; c) heavier seeds produced a greater number of more vigourous seedlings; d) for high quality seed batches, using a four spout gravity table, there was no need to return the fraction 3 to the gravity table, since that fraction could be included in the fractions 1 and 2

The seed physiological potential of hybrid corn treated with insecticides and store in two environmental conditions

Seed treatment is a widely disseminated practice in Brazilian cultural areas, which linked to other cultural practices, has contributed to the increase in productivity, cost reduction, final product improvement, environmental damage reduction as well as good seed protection in the field level and storage. The work had the objective to check the insecticide effect on the germination and vigor of the hybrid maize seeds, stored in two environmental conditions. The seeds were treated with three insecticides, identified as: Insecticide one (Thiametoxan); Insecticide two (Neonicotinoide) and Insecticide three [Neonicotinoide + (Imidaclopride+thiodicarbe)]. After being treated, the seeds were stored for a period of 270 days, in two different places, one with (10ºC) temperature and relative humidity (60%) and another under normal condition of storage. During this period evaluations were accomplished every 45 days, through germination and vigor tests. In addition to germination and cooling tests, sanitation analysis, seedling emergency and seed inoculation were carried out. After that the seeds were stored for a period of 30 days in environmental places with and without control of air condition. The results obtained allow to conclude that the maintenance of seed quality of hybrid maize, treated with insecticides, depends on the hybrid and chemical product used in their treatment and that the reduction in feasibility and vigor of seeds treated with thiametoxan is intensified due to the storage period extension

Potencial fisiológico de sementes de milho híbrido tratadas com inseticidas e armazenadas em duas condições de ambiente

Seed treatment is a widely disseminated practice in Brazilian cultural areas, which linked to other cultural practices, has contributed to the increase in productivity, cost reduction, final product improvement, environmental damage reduction as well as good seed protection in the field level and storage. The work had the objective to check the insecticide effect on the germination and vigor of the hybrid maize seeds, stored in two environmental conditions. The seeds were treated with three insecticides, identified as: Insecticide one (Thiametoxan); Insecticide two (Neonicotinoide) and Insecticide three [Neonicotinoide + (Imidaclopride+thiodicarbe)]. After being treated, the seeds were stored for a period of 270 days, in two different places, one with (10ºC) temperature and relative humidity (60%) and another under normal condition of storage. During this period evaluations were accomplished every 45 days, through germination and vigor tests. In addition to germination and cooling tests, sanitation analysis, seedling emergency and seed inoculation were carried out. After that the seeds were stored for a period of 30 days in environmental places with and without control of air condition. The results obtained allow to conclude that the maintenance of seed quality of hybrid maize, treated with insecticides, depends on the hybrid and chemical product used in their treatment and that the reduction in feasibility and vigor of seeds treated with thiametoxan is intensified due to the storage period extension.O tratamento de sementes é uma prática largamente difundida nas áreas agrícolas brasileiras, a qual, associada às demais práticas culturais, tem contribuído para o incremento na produtividade, redução de custos, melhoria da qualidade do produto final, redução de danos ao ambiente e oferta uma boa proteção às sementes, tanto em nível de campo quanto no armazenamento. O trabalho teve como objetivo verificar o efeito do tratamento inseticida sobre a germinação e o vigor das sementes de milho híbrido, armazenadas em duas condições de ambiente. As sementes foram tratadas com três inseticidas, identificados como: Inseticida 1 (Thiametoxan); Inseticida 2 (Neonicotinóide) e Inseticida 3 [Neonicotinóide+(Imidaclopride+Thiodicarbe)]. Após tratadas as sementes foram armazenadas por um período de 270 dias, em dois ambientes, sendo um com controle de temperatura (10ºC) e umidade relativa (60%) e outro em condições normais de armazenamento. Durante este período realizou-se avaliações a cada 45 dias, através dos testes de germinação e vigor. Além dos testes de germinação e teste de frio foi realizada a emergência de plântulas após as sementes permanecerem armazenadas por um período de 30 dias em ambientes sem controle e com controle das condições do ar. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que a qualidade das sementes armazenadas de milho híbrido, tratadas com inseticidas é influenciada pelo produto químico empregado no tratamento das mesmas, dependente do híbrido e das condições do ambiente de armazenamento e que a redução na viabilidade e no vigor de sementes tratadas com thiametoxan, intensifica-se com o prolongamento do período de armazenamento

Clinical and epidemiological profile of female blood donors with positive serology for viral hepatitis B

ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION:Since women are frequently the minority among blood donors worldwide, studies evaluating this population usually reflect male features. We assessed the features of female blood donors with positive serology for HBV and compared them with those of men.METHODS The study comprised consecutive blood donors referred to a specialized liver disease center to be evaluated due to HBsAg- and/or anti-HBc-positive tests.RESULTS: The study encompassed 1,273 individuals, 219 (17.2%) of whom were referred due to positive HBsAg test and 1,054 (82.8%) due to reactive anti-HBc test. Subjects' mean age was 36.8±10.9 years, and 28.7% were women. Female blood donors referred for positive HBsAg screening tests demonstrated higher prevalence of healthcare workers (9.3% vs 2.5%) and lower prevalence of sexual risk behaviors (15.1% vs 41.1%) and alcohol abuse (1.9% vs 19.8%) compared to men. Women had lower ALT (0.6 vs 0.8×ULN), AST (0.6 vs 0.8×ULN), direct bilirubin (0.2 vs 0.3mg/dL), and alkaline phosphatase (0.5 vs 0.6×ULN) levels and higher platelet count (223,380±50,293 vs 195,020±53,060/mm3). Women also had a higher prevalence of false-positive results (29.6% vs 17.0%). No differences were observed with respect to liver biopsies. Female blood donors referenced for reactive anti-HBc screening tests presented similar clinical, epidemiological, and biochemical characteristics to those reported for positive HBsAg screening tests and similarly had a higher prevalence of false-reactive results.CONCLUSIONS: Compared to men, female blood donors with positive HBsAg and/or anti-HBc screening tests demonstrated higher prevalence of professional risk and false-positive results and reduced alteration of liver chemistry

Effects of plant population and disease control in the crop yield of the common bean, cultivar ‘TPS Nobre’

Foram conduzidos três experimentos, em Santa Maria e em Constantina - RS, com o objetivo de determinar a população mais adequada de plantas para o tipo II de feijoeiro comum, nas condições de cultivo da safra e da safrinha em diferentes regiões climáticas, em função da ocorrência de moléstias. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com cinco repetições, no esquema de parcelas divididas. Maior população de plantas apresenta rendimentos superiores ou equivalentes aos obtidos na menor população de plantas, e a ocorrência de moléstias não acarretou redução do rendimento de grãos nas populações maiores.Three experiments were conducted in Santa Maria and Constantina – Rio Grande do Sul State - Brazil, to determine the effect of plant population on disease occurrence in common bean (type II grown) in the first and second growing season and to determine the most appropriate plant population. The experiment was established as a split-plot randomized block design with five replications. The results showed that there was no effect of plant population in disease incidence. The high plant populations provided higher or similar grain yield compared with the grain yield of the low plant populations

Effects of plant population and disease control in the crop yield of the common bean, cultivar ‘TPS Nobre’

Foram conduzidos três experimentos, em Santa Maria e em Constantina - RS, com o objetivo de determinar a população mais adequada de plantas para o tipo II de feijoeiro comum, nas condições de cultivo da safra e da safrinha em diferentes regiões climáticas, em função da ocorrência de moléstias. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com cinco repetições, no esquema de parcelas divididas. Maior população de plantas apresenta rendimentos superiores ou equivalentes aos obtidos na menor população de plantas, e a ocorrência de moléstias não acarretou redução do rendimento de grãos nas populações maiores.Three experiments were conducted in Santa Maria and Constantina – Rio Grande do Sul State - Brazil, to determine the effect of plant population on disease occurrence in common bean (type II grown) in the first and second growing season and to determine the most appropriate plant population. The experiment was established as a split-plot randomized block design with five replications. The results showed that there was no effect of plant population in disease incidence. The high plant populations provided higher or similar grain yield compared with the grain yield of the low plant populations