Metabolome and Lipidome Profiles of Populus × canescens Twig Tissues During Annual Growth Show Phospholipid-Linked Storage and Mobilization of C, N, and S

The temperate climax tree species Fagus sylvatica and the floodplain tree species Populus × canescens possess contrasting phosphorus (P) nutrition strategies. While F. sylvatica has been documented to display P storage and mobilization (Netzer et al., 2017), this was not observed for Populus × canescens (Netzer et al., 2018b). Nevertheless, changes in the abundance of organic bound P in gray poplar trees indicated adaptation of the P nutrition to different needs during annual growth. The present study aimed at characterizing seasonal changes in metabolite and lipid abundances in gray poplar and uncovering differences in metabolite requirement due to specific needs depending on the season. Seasonal variations in the abundance of (i) sugar-Ps and phospholipids, (ii) amino acids, (iii) sulfur compounds, and (iv) carbon metabolites were expected. It was hypothesized that seasonal changes in metabolite levels relate to N, S, and C storage and mobilization. Changes in organic metabolites binding Pi (Porg) are supposed to support these processes. Variation in triacylglycerols, in sugar-phosphates, in metabolites of the TCA cycle and in the amino acid abundance of poplar twig buds, leaves, bark, and wood were found to be linked to changes in metabolite abundances as well as to C, N, and S storage and mobilization processes. The observed changes support the view of a lack of any P storage in poplar. Yet, during dormancy, contents of phospholipids in twig bark and wood were highest probably due to frost-hardening and to its function in extra-plastidic membranes such as amyloplasts, oleosomes, and protein bodies. Consistent with this assumption, in spring sugar-Ps increased when phospholipids declined and poplar plants entering the vegetative growth period and, hence, metabolic activity increases. These results indicate that poplar trees adopt a policy of P nutrition without P storage and mobilization that is different from their N- and S-nutrition strategies

Recent Applications of Metabolomics Toward Cyanobacteria

metabolite

MOESM4 of Rapid in situ 13C tracing of sucrose utilization in Arabidopsis sink and source leaves

Additional file 4: Figure S2. Simultaneous labeling of vascular tissue by co-feeding of 6-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate (green fluorescence) and Calcofluor White (blue fluorescence) dissolved in tap water. The fluorescent dyes were fed through the petiole of a transition leaf. A. thaliana plants were grown on soil under 8 h short day conditions and analysed at developmental stage 1.10–1.15. (A) Bright-field image of an approximately longitudinal optical section obtained by a confocal laser scanning microscope. The arrow indicates the position of a xylem vessel. (B) Phloem tissue indicated by 6-Carboxyfluorescein flourescence using excitation wave length λ = 488 nm and emission filter λ = 560 nm (green). (C) Xylem and apoplastic continuum indicated by Calcofluor White fluorescence using excitation wave length λ = 355 nm and an emission filter λ = 425 nm (blue). (D) Merged images (A–C)

Metabolome and Lipidome Profiles of Populus × canescens Twig Tissues During Annual Growth Show Phospholipid-Linked Storage and Mobilization of C, N, and S

The temperate climax tree species Fagus sylvatica and the floodplain tree species Populus × canescens possess contrasting phosphorus (P) nutrition strategies. While F. sylvatica has been documented to display P storage and mobilization (Netzer et al., 2017), this was not observed for Populus × canescens (Netzer et al., 2018b). Nevertheless, changes in the abundance of organic bound P in gray poplar trees indicated adaptation of the P nutrition to different needs during annual growth. The present study aimed at characterizing seasonal changes in metabolite and lipid abundances in gray poplar and uncovering differences in metabolite requirement due to specific needs depending on the season. Seasonal variations in the abundance of (i) sugar-Ps and phospholipids, (ii) amino acids, (iii) sulfur compounds, and (iv) carbon metabolites were expected. It was hypothesized that seasonal changes in metabolite levels relate to N, S, and C storage and mobilization. Changes in organic metabolites binding Pi (Porg) are supposed to support these processes. Variation in triacylglycerols, in sugar-phosphates, in metabolites of the TCA cycle and in the amino acid abundance of poplar twig buds, leaves, bark, and wood were found to be linked to changes in metabolite abundances as well as to C, N, and S storage and mobilization processes. The observed changes support the view of a lack of any P storage in poplar. Yet, during dormancy, contents of phospholipids in twig bark and wood were highest probably due to frost-hardening and to its function in extra-plastidic membranes such as amyloplasts, oleosomes, and protein bodies. Consistent with this assumption, in spring sugar-Ps increased when phospholipids declined and poplar plants entering the vegetative growth period and, hence, metabolic activity increases. These results indicate that poplar trees adopt a policy of P nutrition without P storage and mobilization that is different from their N- and S-nutrition strategies

Cytochrome respiration pathway and sulphur metabolism sustain stress tolerance to low temperature in the Antarctic species Colobanthus quitensis

Understandingthe strategies employed by plant species that live in extreme environments offersthe possibility to discover stress tolerance mechanisms. We studied thephysiological, antioxidant and metabolic responses to three temperatureconditions (4, 15, and 23°C) of Colobanthusquitensis (CQ), one of the only two native vascular species in Antarctica.We also employed Dianthus chinensis(DC), to assess the effects of the treatments in a non-Antarctic species fromthe same family.-Usingfused LASSO modelling, we associated physiological and biochemical antioxidant responseswith primary metabolism. This approach allowed us to highlight the metabolicpathways driving the response specific to CQ.-Lowtemperature imposed dramatic reductions in photosynthesis (up to 88%) but notin respiration (sustaining rates of 3.0?4.2 µmol CO2 m-2s‑1) in CQ, and no change in the physiological stress parameters wasfound. Its notable antioxidant capacity and mitochondrial cytochromerespiratory activity (20 and two times higher than DC, respectively), whichensure ATP production even at low temperature, was significantly associatedwith sulphur-containing metabolites and polyamines.-Ourfindings potentially open new biotechnological opportunities regarding the roleofantioxidant compounds and respiratory mechanisms associated with sulphurmetabolism instress tolerance strategies to low temperature.Fil: Clemente-Moreno, María J.. Departamento de Biología; EspañaFil: Omranian, Nooshin. Max Planck Institute Of Molecular Plant Physiology; AlemaniaFil: Sáez, Patricia. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Figueroa, Carlos Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Del-Saz, Néstor. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Elso, Mhartyn. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Poblete, Leticia. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Orf, Isabel. Ben Gurion University of the Negev; IsraelFil: Cuadros-Inostroza, Alvaro. Metasysx Gmbh; AlemaniaFil: Cavieres, Lohengrin. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Bravo, León. Universidad de La Frontera; ChileFil: Fernie, Alisdair. Max Planck Institute Of Molecular Plant Physiology; AlemaniaFil: Ribas-Carbó, Miquel. Departamento de Biología; EspañaFil: Flexas, Jaume. Departamento de Biología; EspañaFil: Nikoloski, Zoran. Max Planck Institute Of Molecular Plant Physiology; AlemaniaFil: Brotman, Yariv. Ben Gurion University of the Negev; IsraelFil: Gago, Jorge. Departamento de Biología; Españ

Low-temperature tolerance of the Antarctic species Deschampsia antarctica: A complex metabolic response associated with nutrient remobilization

The species Deschampsia antarctica (DA) is one of the only two native vascular species that live in Antarctica. We performed ecophysiological, biochemical, and metabolomic studies to investigate the responses of DA to low temperature. In parallel, we assessed the responses in a non-Antarctic reference species (Triticum aestivum [TA]) from the same family (Poaceae). At low temperature (4°C), both species showed lower photosynthetic rates (reductions were 70% and 80% for DA and TA, respectively) and symptoms of oxidative stress but opposite responses of antioxidant enzymes (peroxidases and catalase). We employed fused least absolute shrinkage and selection operator statistical modelling to associate the species-dependent physiological and antioxidant responses to primary metabolism. Model results for DA indicated associations with osmoprotection, cell wall remodelling, membrane stabilization, and antioxidant secondary metabolism (synthesis of flavonols and phenylpropanoids), coordinated with nutrient mobilization from source to sink tissues (confirmed by elemental analysis), which were not observed in TA. The metabolic behaviour of DA, with significant changes in particular metabolites, was compared with a newly compiled multispecies dataset showing a general accumulation of metabolites in response to low temperatures. Altogether, the responses displayed by DA suggest a compromise between catabolism and maintenance of leaf functionality.Fil: Clemente Moreno, María José. Instituto de Agroecología y Economía del Agua; EspañaFil: Omranian, Nooshin. Max Planck Institute Of Molecular Plant Physiology; AlemaniaFil: Sáez, Patricia L.. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Figueroa, Carlos Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Del Saz, Néstor. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Elso, Mhartyn. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Poblete, Leticia. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Orf, Isabel. Ben Gurion University of the Negev; IsraelFil: Cuadros Inostroza, Alvaro. No especifíca;Fil: Cavieres, Lohengrin A.. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Bravo, León. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Fernie, Alisdair R.. Max Planck Institute Of Molecular Plant Physiology; AlemaniaFil: Ribas Carbó, Miquel. Instituto de Agroecología y Economía del Agua; EspañaFil: Flexas, Jaume. Instituto de Agroecología y Economía del Agua; EspañaFil: Nikoloski, Zoran. Max Planck Institute Of Molecular Plant Physiology; AlemaniaFil: Brotman, Yariv. Ben Gurion University of the Negev; IsraelFil: Gago, Jorge. Instituto de Agroecología y Economía del Agua; Españ