Energy consumption and economic performance in Cameroon

This paper investigates the relationship between energy consumption and economic performance in Cameroon. The econometric analysis shows that there is no Granger causality between electricity consumption and economic performance both at national level (GDP) and primary sector level (value added of agriculture). At secondary sector level, it is economic performance (value added of industry) that Granger causes electricity consumption, while at tertiary sector level, the causality goes from electricity consumption to economic performance (value added of services). So, any policy aimed at strengthening growth and reduce poverty must pay special attention on energy production.causalité au sens de Granger; Performance économique; secteur d'activité

Consommation d'énergie et performances économiques au Cameroun

This paper investigates the relationship between energy consumption and economic performance in Cameroon. The econometric analysis shows that there is no Granger causality between electricity consumption and economic performance both at national level (GDP) and primary sector level (value added of agriculture). At secondary sector level, it is economic performance (value added of industry) that Granger causes electricity consumption, while at tertiary sector level, the causality goes from electricity consumption to economic performance (value added of services). So, any policy aimed at strengthening growth and reduce poverty must pay special attention on energy production

Investissement en Infrastructures Publiques et Performances Economiques au Cameroun

Ce travail évalue l'impact de différentes catégories d'investissements publics en infrastructures sur la croissance et l'investissement privé au Cameroun. La méthode des moments généralisés a été utilisée pour estimer un modèle à équations simultanées contenant une équation de croissance, et une équation d'investissement privé.

Consommation d'énergie et performances économiques au Cameroun

This paper investigates the relationship between energy consumption and economic performance in Cameroon. The econometric analysis shows that there is no Granger causality between electricity consumption and economic performance both at national level (GDP) and primary sector level (value added of agriculture). At secondary sector level, it is economic performance (value added of industry) that Granger causes electricity consumption, while at tertiary sector level, the causality goes from electricity consumption to economic performance (value added of services). So, any policy aimed at strengthening growth and reduce poverty must pay special attention on energy production

Agricultural Productivity and Climate Change: An Evidence of a non-linear Relationship in Sub-Saharan Africa

This paper focuses on the relationship between agricultural productivity and climate change in sub-Saharan Africa. The main objective is to justify the observed upward trend in agricultural productivity as the temperature is increasing and rainfalls are decreasing. We argue that the relationship between agricultural productivity, temperature, and precipitation is non-linear. Specifically, there are thresholds from which the effect of temperature on agricultural productivity is exceeded by the effect of precipitation. We hypothesize that even if precipitation is decreasing, its level over a year is still sufficient for its positive effect on agricultural productivity to outweigh the negative effect of rising temperatures. Using data from the FAO database on seven different groups of crops, we estimate a Panel Smooth Transition regression model and results show that there is a non-linear relationship between agricultural productivity, temperature, and precipitation. On average, the effect of temperature on agricultural productivity is exceeded by the effect of precipitation observed over a year. We recommend that countries in Sub-Saharan Africa invest in agricultural research to find irrigation techniques that will mitigate the future effects of scarcity of rainwater owed to extremely hot temperatures

Vigour and behaviour of fifteen citrus varieties against tristeza in the forest zone of Cameroon

Fifteen varieties or combinations of citrus (lime, grapefruit, lemons, oranges, mandarin and hybrids) were characterized in the forest zone of Cameroon. Characterization was carried out based on the behaviour of these citrus varieties against citrus tristeza virus (CTV). Foliar and cortical symptoms were evaluated. Six years old plants did not show any immune reaction against the disease. Unusual mild symptoms were observed in varieties normally tolerant to the disease, which constitute an indicator of  the presence of a virulent viral complex. Satsuma mandarin, Lisbon lemon, Eureka lemon and in some aspects Tahiti lime showed a satisfactory behaviour for their vigour and reaction against CTV

La zone Franc entrave-t-elle la transformation structurelle des économies des pays membres ?

L’objectif de ce travail est d’évaluer l’impact de l’appartenance à la zone Franc sur la transformation structurelle des pays africains appartenant à la Communauté Économique des États de l’Afrique Centrale (CEEAC) et à la Communauté des États de l’Afrique de l’Ouest (CEDEAO). Pour ce faire, nous effectuons une analyse comparative des tendances de l’évolution de trois indicateurs de la transformation structurelle, à savoir : la taille du secteur manufacturier mesurée par la valeur ajoutée manufacturière, le poids du secteur manufacturier dans le PIB, et la baisse de l’emploi agricole dans l’emploi total. Les données utilisées proviennent des bases UNCTADSTAT de la CNUCED et World Development Indicators de la Banque Mondiale. Les résultats révèlent qu’aucune démarcation n’est perceptible entre les pays membres de la Zone franc et les pays non membres du point de vue de taille ou du poids du secteur manufacturier dans les économies. En revanche, la tendance à la diminution de la part de l’emploi agricole dans l’emploi total est plus forte dans les pays non membres de la zone Franc que dans les pays membres. A la lumière de ces résultats, l’on peut suggérer que des réformes soient introduites dans les unions de la zone Franc, pour permettre aux banques centrales de contribuer plus efficacement au remodelage des appareils de production, et favoriser un mouvement continu et irréversible de la main d’œuvre vers les secteurs les plus productifs de l’économie, c'est-à-dire une véritable transformation structurelle.This paper seeks to evaluate the impact of Franc zone on the structural transformation of the countries of the Economic Community of Central African States (ECCAS) and the Economic community of West African States (ECOWAS). The methodology is based on a comparative analysis of trends of three indicators of structural transformation, namely: the size of the manufacturing sector measured by manufacturing value added, the weight of the manufacturing sector as a percentage of GDP, and the decline in the share of agricultural employment in total employment. The data used are collected from the UNCTADSTAT database of the UNCTAD and the World Development Indicators database of the World Bank. The results reveal that no demarcation is perceptible between the Franc zone countries and the non-member countries in terms of the size and weight of the manufacturing sector. However, the declining trend of the share of agricultural employment is stronger in the non-Franc zone than in the Franc member countries. In the light of these results, we suggest that reforms should be introduced in the unions of the Franc zone, to enable central banks to contribute more effectively to the remodeling of the production apparatus and to favor a continuous and irreversible movement of the labor force towards the most productive sectors of the economy, that is to say a real structural transformation

Capital Social et Création dEntreprises au Cameroun

L'objectif de ce travail est de questionner l'influence du capital social de l'entrepreneur sur un certain nombre d'éléments déterminants de la création d'entreprises au Cameroun. De manière précise, il s'agit d'évaluer l'impact des relations sociales (familiales, amicales et professionnelles) de l'entrepreneur, sur sa capacité à surmonter les contraintes administratives, de financements, et d'équipements rencontrées lors de la création de son entreprise. En utilisant les données d'une enquête effectuée par le Centre d'Etudes et de Recherche en Economie et Gestion (CEREG) de l'Université de Yaoundé II auprès de 300 PME en 2011, les résultats obtenus par estimation de modèles probit et logit, montrent que l'impact du capital social sur l'élimination de ces contraintes est mitigé. Aussi bien les liens forts (relations familiales) que les liens faibles (relations amicales et professionnelles) réduisent de manière significative les contraintes administratives

The Social Responsibility of the Cameroonian Researcher in Management Sciences

This article aims to initiate a reflection on managerial CSR in the Cameroonian context. A concept still little known in Africa in general, CSR draws its sources from numerous works on CSR. A look at the state of research in Cameroon shows that the practice of responsible research is a real feat. An assessment of the apprehensions that teacher-researchers have about their SR is necessary to begin work on this theme. We are calling on different stakeholders to improve SG research in Cameroon. This improvement will undoubtedly pass better through a research model such as “Grounded theory”, considered as a reference epistemological model for better production of managerial knowledge on African soil

A spatial econometric approach to spillover effects between protected areas and deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon

Etudes & documentsProtected areas are increasingly used as a tool to fight against deforestation. This paper presents new evidence on the spillover effects that occur in the decision to deforest and the creation of protected areas in local administrative entities in Brazilian Legal Amazon over the 2001-2011 period. We also highlight the interdependence between these two decisions. We proceed in two steps. First, we assumed that protected areas are created to stop the negative effects of deforestation on biodiversity. In order to control for the non-random location of protected areas, biodiversity indicators are used as excluded instruments. This model is estimated using a spatial model with instrumental variables. Second, a simultaneous system of spatially interrelated cross sectional equations is used to take into account the interdependence between the decision to deforest and the creation of protected areas. Our results show (i) that deforestation activities of neighboring municipalities are complements and that (ii) there is evidence of leakage in the sense that protected areas may shift deforestation to neighboring municipalities. The net effect of protected areas on deforestation remains however negative; it is moreover stable across two sub-periods. Our results confirm the important role of protected areas to curb deforestation and thereby biodiversity erosion. Moreover, they show that strategic interactions deserve attention in the effectiveness of conservation policies