A Daily Diary Investigation of Latino Ethnic Identity, Discrimination, and Depression

The objectives of the current study were to document the effects of discrimination on Latino mental health and to identify the circumstances by which ethnic identity serves a protective function. Instances of discrimination and depressive symptoms were measured every day for 13 days in a sample of Latino adults (N = 91). Multilevel random coefficient modeling showed a 1-day lagged effect in which increases in depression were observed the day following a discriminatory event. The findings also revealed differential effects of ethnic identity exploration and commitment. Whereas ethnic identity exploration was found to exacerbate the influence of daily discrimination on next-day depression, ethnic identity commitment operated as a stress buffer, influencing the intensity of and recovery from daily discrimination. The findings are discussed within a stress and coping perspective that identifies appropriate cultural resources for decreasing the psychological consequences associated with daily discrimination

Positive Affect and Adjustment to Perceived Racism

This research provided the first empirical investigation of the role of positive affect in moderating the relationship between perceived racism and depressive symptoms. A sample of 215 racial and ethnic minority young adults completed measures of perceived racism, daily race–related stress, positive affect, optimism, and depressive symptoms. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that positive affect and perceived racism accounted for a significant portion of the variance in depressive symptoms. Most notably, above and beyond the effects of optimism, positive affect interacted with perceived racism to weaken its influence on depression. Implications for future research directions that build on these initial findings are discussed

Hope Measurement in Mexican American Youth

Hope is a motivational construct that has been associated with many positive outcomes in children, adolescents, and adults. Although research with the Children’s Hope Scale (CHS) has demonstrated support for the reliability and validity of the CHS with various samples of youth, there is little empirical evidence for its use with Latino youth. The current study examined the psychometric properties of the six-item CHS in a sample of 135 Mexican American youth. Confirmatory factor analyses provided support for a hierarchical representation of the CHS with two underlying factors (pathways and agency). CHS scores were found to be positively correlated with measures of positive affect, life satisfaction, support from family and friends, and optimism. Additional analyses provided evidence supporting convergent validity and measurement invariance across gender. Implications and directions for future research are discussed

Hope as a Source of Resilience in Later Adulthood

This research provided a preliminary investigation of how variations in trait and state hope are associated with positive adaptation to stress in later adulthood. Trait hope and neuroticism were measured by questionnaires and state hope, stress, and negative emotions were assessed daily for 45 days. Results from multilevel random coefficient modeling analyses suggested that daily hope provides protective benefits by keeping negative emotions low, while also contributing to adaptive recovery from stress. The dynamic linkages between daily hope, stress, and emotion were further moderated by individual differences in trait hope. Compared with those low in trait hope, high-hope individuals showed diminished stress reactivity and more effective emotional recovery

The Health Benefits of Nature: Introduction to the Special Section

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/88004/1/j.1758-0854.2011.01056.x.pd

Mean Affect Moderates the Association between Affect Variability and Mental Health.

UNLABELLED: Increasing evidence suggests that within-person variation in affect is a dimension distinct from mean levels along which individuals can be characterized. This study investigated affect variabilitys association with concurrent and longitudinal mental health and how mean affect levels moderate these associations. The mental health outcomes of depression, panic disorder, self-rated mental health, and mental health professional visits from the second and third waves of the Midlife in the United States Study were used for cross-sectional (n = 1,676) and longitudinal outcomes (n = 1,271), respectively. These participants took part in the National Study of Daily Experiences (NSDE II), where they self-reported their affect once a day for 8 days, and this was used to compute affect mean and variability. Greater positive affect variability cross-sectionally predicted a higher likelihood of depression, panic disorder, mental health professional use, and poorer self-rated mental health. Greater negative affect variability predicted higher panic disorder probability. Longitudinally, elevated positive and negative affect variability predicted higher depression likelihood and worse self-rated mental health over time, while greater positive affect variability also predicted increased panic disorder probability. Additionally, mean affect moderated associations between variability and health such that variability-mental health associations primarily took place when mean positive affect was high (for concurrent mental health professional use and longitudinal depression) and when mean negative affect was low (for concurrent depression, panic disorder, self-rated mental health, and longitudinal self-rated mental health). Taken together, affect variability may have implications for both short- and long-term health and mean levels should be considered. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42761-024-00238-0

Automatically Extracting Templates from Examples for NLP Tasks

PACLIC / The University of the Philippines Visayas Cebu College Cebu City, Philippines / November 20-22, 200

Airport revenue management: does airport size matter?

Airports today operate as business entities. Competition between airlines has revolutionized the way airports operate. There is an increasing preference for smaller airports. This has improved the economic and financial viability of small and medium airports from non-aeronautical revenue. An empirical study examines the relationship between airport size and airport profits. There is no statistically significant evidence from the results to suggest that small/medium airports are less profitable than major hub airports as the former reconfigure their activities in response to changing circumstances

A Proposed Framework for the Use of Biological Control Agents for a Cacao Pest

An industry study on cacao considers the Philippines as a minor player in the global cacao trade and is not properly positioned to take advantage of the surge in demand. Domestic production dived in the 1990s despite pump-priming initiatives. It should also be noted that farmer awareness of the economic potential of cacao is very low, with very few engaged in cultivation due to various difficulties, among these problems mainly considered are the high costs of insecticides and pesticides and the prevalence of pests. This paper provides a framework by which a biological control agent for the cacao pest could be designed so that farmers may eventually lessen their dependence on expensive and chemically based pesticides and insecticides and rely on the natural relationships of predator and prey available in nature. Although many studies suggest that the Asian Weaver Ant Oecophylla smaragdina Fabricius is a predator of arthropods, among them the mirid bug and cacao pest Helopeltis bakeri Poppius, this assertion needs to be further supported by substantial evidence that clearly shows that such ant has available predatory properties against this specific prey. This procedure is very important especially if the farmer’s welfare is hinged on the idea of using biological control. It should then be proposed that a systematic and logical implementation of the demonstration of O. smaragdina’s properties as a possible biological control agent for the cacao pest H. bakeri be established