Fluidized bed hydrodynamics by means of electrical capacitance tomography

Fluidized bed reactors are utilized in a variety of applications from hydrocarbon cracking to drying of mineral ore to coating of pharmaceutical pills. A proper understanding of bed hydrodynamics is essential to properly design, operate and control the process. Intrusive and non-intrusive measurement techniques have been utilized to study various aspects of fluidized bed behaviour. Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) has been utilized to determine the distribution of gas-solid mixture in the bed. The Digital Image Analysis Technique (DIAT) is used to determine the bubble behavior in two-dimensional beds. The bubble behavior has not been studied by ECT. The premise of this research is to test a new technique by combining ECT solid fraction maps with image processing techniques to determine the bubble characteristics in the bed. Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) was used to map the relative fractions of sand-air mixture in a 14 cm ID acrylic vessel at two different static bed heights. The voids were defined as the areas of gas-solid mixture with value of less than 0.25. Afterwards simple image analysis techniques were applied to isolate bubbles from the rest of the bed. The resulting data were converted into binary images to extract hydrodynamic information. The two main parameters of interest were the bubble diameter and its rise velocity. The experimental average velocities and average diameters matched the results obtained from respective correlations in the literature. However, large spreads existed for both these parameters due to the simultaneous presence of bubbles and slugs. The experimental fluidized bed did not transition fully into the turbulent regime but has the character of a hybrid bubbling-slugging regime. This is illustrated by experimental diameters which indicate presence of bubbles and slugs simultaneously. The same information was illustrated by experimental velocity-diameter envelopes (minimum and maximum values) which overlapped for higher flow conditions. The radial solid fraction distribution illustrated the same point with an inverted “M” profile which has been associated previously with regime transition. The path of bubble rise was identified, mainly rising through the midway point between the bed’s center and its inner edge. Five different types of bubbles were identified using the two dimensional binary images of voids. However, this technique can only be used for regimes where voids/bubbles are the main source of gas transfer to the surface of the bed

Transfer of Technology: Competition or Cooperation

Looking at an economy as consisting of several layers of techniques gives us a way to spell out the implications of macroeconomic situations to micro levels. For instance, if macroeconomic consideration point to reducing total employment, a map of the layers of techniques of the economy should be able to pinpoint the firms of different regions that are likely to be effected. In such cases, to be able to delineate the effects of extra final demand of the new investment on the production and employment in the economy, we require best input-output and labour coefficients instead of the average ones that are at present computed worldwide. Similarly, for capacities going out of production either because of the lack of demand, or obsolescence, we want to have the knowledge of the least efficient techniques of production for finding out their economic implications [Azid (2002)]

A Conceptual Introduction of Crime: Systematic Observations

This article is about to identify the basic principles of crime These principles are the instruments for understanding the crime and so can use when someone faced unfamiliar or new offences Crime means a criminal offense or sin There is no simple or universal definition of crime under any legal system or jurisprudence The concept of crime in terms of researchers has different foundations and various forms In other words the views of legal scientist are not always same it may even be considered as good practice Crime is subject to social construction under severe criminal procedural and substantive national and international law to apply it Title and subject matter of this article is incarcerated to the concept of crime to observe its efficacy and effectiveness perfectl

Development of Covalent Organic Polymers (COP-4) Adsorbent Using Microwave Reactor for Carbon Dioxide Capture from Natural Gas

The presence of carbon dioxide (CO2) in natural gas stream become a problem since it brought negative impact to the heating value of the natural gas, as well as causing corrosion to pipelines and hydrate formation problem. Recently the new kind of adsorbent has been discovered to have the high capacity for CO2 adsorption that includes Metal-Organic Framework (MOF), Covalent-Organic Framework (COF) and Covalent Organic Polymer (COPs). This research is concentrated to develop the COP-4 adsorbent using microwave reactor method. The main challenges in this research are the limitation information from literature regarding the COP synthesis using microwave reactor as well as longer time preparation by using conventional method. This method propose a faster synthesis method of COP-4 and theoretically will give higher yield and less reaction time. After synthesis, COP-4 sample undergo the characterization test included FTIR, TGA, SEM, XRD and BET. The results will be compared to the COP material developed using conventional method. Consequently, this study will contribute towards the development of sustainable CO2 removal technologies

The Significance of Peat Deposits in Evaluating the Recent Environmental and Climatic Conditions in the Bangladesh Part of Bengal Basin

Peat is a biogenic deposit which forms under water logged conditions in continental swampy to marshy environments when organic matter is produced by plants and deposited at a faster rate than it is decomposed. Climate controls the rate of plant growth, type of plant growth and to a large extent, depositional rates, all of which ultimately determine whether or not peat will form. Thus, the peat deposits are not only important as fuel resources but also important from an environmental point of view, because peat deposits of an area may provide valuable information about past environments as well as climatic circumstances of the area. At many places in the eastern part of Bengal Basin (Bangladesh) peat occurs randomly at surface to near surface conditions. Generally, the base of the peat deposit is about 15 m below the surface and peat is not found below that depth. As there exists a relationship between the depth of sediment i.e. peat and time, it signifies a sudden change in the depositional environment within the basin in the recent past. This peat forming environment did not exist before that time. The current research discusses the depositional characters of the peat deposits and their significance in interpreting the recent environments and climatic conditions in the Bangladesh part of Bengal Basin. However, the detailed investigation of peat deposits is yet to be completed and should be done to know the past and predict the future climatic and environmental condition

PANDEMIC COVID-19: IMPACT ON DIGITAL MARKETING

Covid-19 is the most widely used pandemic in the sector, a leading product in digital and digital media, including advertising, marketing and marketing. But Covid-1. The effect is mostly positive, not Covid-1. What other areas are about nations, human resources and tigers and so on. While the virus generates a lot of health insurance, social life, economic stability, jobs, etc. Intrastate, M., & Fuad, K. 2020, July stated that the list of customers and marketers. Covid-19 also leads to behavioral changes such as working remotely, spending a lot of time indoors, napping, learning recipes online, paying more attention to health and hygiene, prevention in Behavioral changes are particularly prevalent on digital platforms and digital content and create opportunities for marketers and brands to communicate digitally with customers more than ever. There has been an increase in social media engagement and the desire for digital content digital tools to sell many earning opportunities added Covid-1 at the same time. The strategy is based on the corporate strategy, and the strategy is based on the strategic aims of the company. The aim of this article is to highlight, analyze and understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on digital marketing and advertising in genera

The Use of the Internet for English Language Teachers’ Professional Development in Arab Countries

This study investigated the relationship between English language teachers’ motives to use online teaching resources and three types of Internet practices: teachers’ practices in using the Internet to collaborate with others, teachers’ practices for classroom teaching, and the Internet’s contribution to the overall professional development of teachers. Gender was also used to assess differences in the proposed model. In this study, one hundred and seventy-four English language teachers completed an online survey. SmartPLS was used to assess the measurement and the structural models. The results indicated that participation was a significant determinant of both English language teachers’ Internet-related practices at classroom level and the Internet’s contribution to the overall professional development. Considering gender differences, the results demonstrated that participation in online professional development was significantly related to the English language teachers’ practices at classroom level for males but not for females

An approach to optimize process parameter for peptides extraction from Zophobas morio (Fabricius) using antifungal activity as the response

Antifungal peptides have been successfully extracted from whole body larvae of Zophobas morio (Fabricius) by using acidified isopropanol. To ensure that the extraction is cost effective for maximum yield, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) using a Central Composite Design (CCD) strategy was adopted to optimize the extraction process parameters. The effect of independent parameters, namely, the homogenization temperature (°C), homogenization time (min) and solid (g) to the solvent (ml) ratio of the extraction process on the fungal growth was studied. The extracted samples obtained by conducting runs accorded by the experimental design showed varying degree of antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger, the selected fungal strain, as assayed by the ‘‘Poisoned agar technique’. The investigation showed that the optimum values of the extraction parameters for the maximum antifungal peptides were 5 minutes homogenization time, 4°C homogenization temperature and 3.5:1 solid to solvent ratio. This study reports the development of an extraction process that allows careful recovery of antifungal peptides from insect larvae. In the validation of the experimental model, the error between the actual value and the predicted value was determined to be 3.57%

The Global Administrative Law: A Comparative Study

There is interest in the research whether a Global Administrative law is appearing and assuming this is the case regardless of whether this is awesome or something else This paper tends to the inquiry of thoughts for world administrative law It thinks about the possible sources and their appropriateness as a reason for a worldwide regulatory guideline framework first the by and huge procedural norms that have arisen in public administrative law frameworks profoundly the statute of lawfulness and due framework standards second the arrangement of the rule of guideline esteems advanced by utilizing defenders of free change and financial progressivism third the correct administration method and extra essentially straightforwardness support and responsibility lastly common liberties esteems The paper closes on a suspicious note presuming that a consistently happening set of regulatory law principles is difficult to see and not at this point especially eye catching To begin with the global administrative guideline is particularly a Western build protecting Western interests It might moreover impact ominously on developing economies Besides the development of world regulatory law in adjudicative sheets is a principle to an unwanted juridical formation of the political cycl

Anticancer peptides derived from supermeal worm (Zophobas morio) larvae

Cancer still presents enormous challenges in the medical world. Currently, the search for anticancer compounds has garnered a lot of interest, especially in finding them from the natural sources. In this study, by using Sulforhodamine B (SRB) colorimetric assay, compounds, extracted from supermeal worm (Zophobas morio) larvae using two types of acidified organic solvent (ethanol and isopropanol), were shown to inhibit the growth of a breast cancer line, MCF-7. A comparative study of the effect was carried out on a normal cell line, Vero. Results showed that, the two types of extracts inhibits growth of MCF-7 cell at varying degrees, on the other hand, have much less effect on Vero cell. Extracts analysed by UV-vis spectroscopy, showed peaks in the range of 260 to 280 nm, inferring the presence of aromatic amino acids, whereas the highest peak of 3.608 AU at 230 nm indicates the presence of peptide bonds. By Raman spectroscopy, peaks are observed at 1349 cm-1, 944 cm-1 and 841 cm-1 indicating the presence of Tyr, Try and Gly, confirming the UV-vis analyses. All results of analyses implied that the anticancer compounds contain peptides