Bathymay : la structure sous-marine de Mayotte révélée par l'imagerie multifaisceaux

International audienceLa campagne Bathymay, effectuée en 2004 à bord du N/O Marion Dufresne 2 , a permis de réaliser le premier levé bathymétrique complet de la pente insulaire de Mayotte. L'analyse préliminaire de la morphologie révèle l'existence de nombreux canyons, de vastes déstabilisations de flancs et d'édifices volcaniques sous-marins. Des falaises abruptes, dont certaines semblent guidées par des failles, limitent de vastes plateaux sous-marins. La campagne Bathymay a mis en évidence deux mécanismes de déstabilisation du volcan de Mayotte : la déstabilisation lente, issue de l'effondrement gravitaire de l'édifice pendant le stade bouclier, puis la déstabilisation catastrophique des flancs du volcan au stade post-bouclier The BATHYMAY marine survey was carried out in January 2004 around the French volcanic island of Mayotte, onboard the research vessel Marion Dufresne 2. Multibeam bathymetry revealed for the first time the morphology of the whole outer slope. Preliminary interpretations show broad canyons that deeply incise the slope, numerous volcanoes and huge landslides. Large submarine plateaus are also highlighted, bounded by steep cliffs and active normal faults. A model for Mayotte is suggested, in which eruptive activity, sometimes influenced by normal faulting, was concentrated along a N140◦ regional line (the Comoros archipelago axis), with landslide activity concentrated on the northeastern and southwestern flanks of this line

“Escapad” dance serious game: designing a therapeutic tool for elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment

The care of elderly people with neurodegenerative diseases leading to cognitive disorders and dementia represents a major health issue. In this context, serious games (SGs) can improve cognitive functions efficiently. Exergames can boost cognitive functions such as attention and memory. In this population, negative feelings can be exacerbated by inadapted technological design. The aim of this study is to design and evaluate an adapted exergame named Escapad for older adults suffering from Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). As part of preliminary study, two versions of Escapad were used with both therapists and MCI patients, who rated version 2 as more adaptable. Hence, we have implemented Escapad to stimulate several cognitive domains in elderly people with MCI who have a depressive tendency. Our results showed a significant improvement in visuospatial abilities/executive functions (p=0.033), temporo-spatial orientation (p=0.048) and a significant reduction in depression (p=0.033). Technical aspects and game use are discussed in this paper

Danse sociale réelle et/ou virtuelle comme approche thérapeutique non médicamenteuse pour ralentir les Démences de Type Alzheimer (DTA) et contribuer à la qualité de vie des résidents en EHPAD

International audienc

A systematic review of exercise modalities that reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines in humans and animals' models with mild cognitive impairment or dementia

International audiencePurpose: To investigate which type, frequency, duration, intensity, and volume of chronic exercise might more strongly reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines and enhance anti-inflammatory cytokines in human and animal models with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) or dementia.Design: A systematic review.Data source: English-language search of 13 electronic databases: Web of Science, PubMed/Medline, Sport Discus, Scopus, Cochrane, Psych Net, Springer, ScienceDirect, Pascal & Francis, Sage journals, Pedro, Google Scholar, and Sage.Inclusion criteria: (i) human and animal studies that included exercise, physical activity, or fitness training as an experimental intervention, (ii) studies that addressed MCI, dementia, or AD, (iii) studies that focused on measuring cytokines and/or other inflammatory and/or neuroinflammatory immune markers, (iii) studies that examined inflammatory indicators in blood, CSF (Cerebrospinal Fluid), and brain tissue.Results: Of the 1290 human and animal studies found, 38 were included for qualitative analysis, 11 human articles, 27 animal articles, and two articles addressing both human and animal protocols. In the animal model, physical exercise decreased pro-inflammatory markers in 70.8 % of the articles and anti-inflammatory cytokines: IL -4, IL -10, IL-4β, IL -10β, and TGF-β in 26 % of articles. Treadmill running, resistance exercise, and swimming exercise reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines and increase anti-inflammatory cytokines. In the human model, 53.9 % of items reduced pro-inflammatory proteins and 23 % increased anti-inflammatory proteins. Cycling exercise, multimodal, and resistance training effectively decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines.Conclusion: In rodent animal models with AD phenotype, treadmill, swimming, and resistance training remain good interventions that can delay various mechanisms of dementia progression. In the human model, aerobic, multimodal, and resistance training are beneficial in both MCI and AD. Multimodal training of moderate to high intensity multimodal exercise is effective for MCI. Voluntar