2,360 research outputs found
Continuing Bonds with Children and Bereaved Young People: A Narrative Review
Background:- Finding alternative ways to reconnect with the deceased is a common feature of bereavement. However, it is currently unclear how bereaved children/young people establish and develop a ‘continuing bond’ with deceased family members.
Aim:- To investigate how bereaved young people continue bonds with deceased family members.
Design:- A systematically conducted narrative review was conducted using six electronic databases; CINAHL, Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, PubMed and BNI. Limiters were applied to peer-reviewed articles published in English. Studies were assessed for methodological quality using the JBI Critical Appraisal Tools.
Results:- Nineteen articles were included in the review. Three overarching themes were generated; unintended connections, intended connections, and internalised connections.
Conclusion:- Bereaved young people establish a sense of connection with deceased family members through various means (e.g. unprovoked/spontaneous reminders, physical mementos, internalised memories). Some connections are unintended and occur spontaneously. However, other young people will specifically seek ways to remember the deceased to provide a sense of enduring connection
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Obstacles to wearable computing
In the year 2021, wearable technology could look beautiful and feel magical, but instead is exemplified by a plain wristband that looks suspiciously like a prison monitor.
How can we make wearable technology that respects our privacy, enhances our daily lives, integrates with our other connected devices without leashing us to a smartphone, and visually expresses who we are?
This study uses a novel method of participatory design fiction (PDFi) to understand potential users of everyday wearable technology through storytelling. I recruited participants from the general public and gave them a five-point prompt to create a design fiction (DF), which inspired the user-centred design of an everyday connected wearable device. The participants each received a technology probe to wear in the wild for a year. They then updated their DFs as a way to reflect on the implications of the technology. For the purposes of privacy, augmenting device functionality through interoperability, and integration into an Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem, I used the Hub-of-All-Things personal data store to provide the software infrastructure.
By listening to their stories, we can elicit design concepts directly from the users, to help us create wearable IoT devices that put the wearer at the centre of the design process, and are satisfying both functionally and emotionally.The Alan Turing Institute Doctoral Scheme, University of Cambridge Department of Computer Science and Technology, The Kenneth Hayter Memorial Fun
College-Educated, African American Women\u27s Marital Choices
This study explores the desire to marry, marriageable mate criteria, and marital choices/options as they pertain to college-educated, African American women within today’s society. A purposive, nationally based sample (N = 95) of never married, college-educated, African American women (i.e., 18 to 40 years of age) was gathered via an online survey accessed by an emailed link. A mixed methods approach was utilized within the survey design, followed by data analyses (i.e., frequencies, two-way analyses) interpreted through a theoretical framework of social exchange. Areas discussed include life goals of marriage, cohabitation, and career; romantic barriers; the perceived availability of marriageable men; and desired traits for a marriageable mate. Partner traits assessed ranged from being character based (e.g., respectful, spiritual, swag, never incarcerated), and were broadened to include educational, financial, and ethnic preferences for a potential partner. Findings showed that respondents possessed a strong desire to marry, the greatest hindrance to entering a relationship was the lack of mates, and many were interested in looking for a potential partner outside of their own ethnicity. Findings were not statistically significant; however, the insight gained further informs this understudied area of research while having broad socio-cultural implications for families and communities
Subjective and objective interpretation of tear film interferometry images
Background: Assessment of the tear film is necessary in routine clinical practice because an unstable tear film can hamper the quality of life by causing vision-related problems and compromising the ocular surface. One of the major concerns related to an unstable tear film is dry eye. Many of dry eye patients suffer from a lack of meibum which forms the lipid layer of the tear film. The lipid layer can be graded and interpreted by using interferometry. However, interpretation and grading of this dynamic layer may be inconsistent in terms of inter- and intra- observations. This study investigated the difficulty of consistent, subjective grading of clinical findings, in general.Methods: The interferometry images of 30 subjects captured from different equipment were analyzed subjectively. The agreement between intra-observer repeatability was also measured.Results: A positive Spearman’s correlation of 0.81 was found among different grading patterns observed using the Tearsope to compare right and left eyes. Similarly, a positive Spearman’s correlation of 0.63 was found among different grading patterns observed under interferometer in right and left eye. Correlations were statistically significant, p<0.001. The agreement between intra-observer repeatability calculated using Cohen’s kappa values were also statistically significant, p<0.001.Conclusions: A correlation between the findings of different equipment could not be made due to the differences in wavelengths of incident light and the image details. However, a new grading pattern has been proposed to describe the thickness of various lipid layer patterns observed under Doane’s interferometer
Linking planetary embryo formation to planetesimal formation II: The impact of pebble accretion in the terrestrial planet zone
The accretion of pebbles on planetary cores has been widely studied in recent
years and is found to be a highly effective mechanism for planetary growth.
While most studies assume planetary cores as an initial condition in their
simulation, the question how, where and when these cores form is often
neglected. We study the impact of pebble accretion during the formation phase
and subsequent evolution of planetary embryos in the early stages of
circumstellar disk evolution. In doing so we aim to quantify the timescales and
local dependency of planetary embryo formation, based on the solid evolution of
the disk. We connect a one dimensional two population model for solid evolution
and pebble flux regulated planetesimal formation to the N-body code LIPAD. In
our study we focus on the growth of planetesimals with an initial size of 100
km in diameter by planetesimal collisions and pebble accretion for the first 1
million years of a viscously evolving disk. We compare 18 different N-body
simulations in which we vary the total planetesimal mass after 1 million years,
the surface density profile of the planetesimal disk, the radial pebble flux
and the possibility of pebble accretion. Pebble accretion leads to the
formation of fewer, but substantially more massive embryos. The area of
possible embryo formation is weakly influenced by the accretion of pebbles and
the innermost embryos tend to form slightly earlier compared to the simulations
in which pebble accretion is neglected. Pebble accretion strongly enhances the
formation of super earths in the terrestrial planet region, but it does not
enhance the formation of embryos at larger distances
Distribution and restricted vertical movement of nematodes in a heavy clay soil
A large part of Australia’s broad acre irrigation industry, which includes cotton, is farmed on heavy clay Vertosols. Recent changes in nematicide chemical availability, changes in rotations and the observation of the reniform nematode in central Queensland has highlighted that we need to improve our understanding of nematodes in these soils. We undertook preliminary investigations into distribution by depth under a cotton-cotton and cotton-maize rotation as well as vertical movement experiments in microcosms to better understand nematode distribution and movement in heavy clay soils. Analysis revealed that field populations decreased with soil sample depth, but there were also differences between rotations. In microcosm experiments, vertical movement of nematodes in these heavy clay soils was restricted, even in the presence of plant roots and moisture, both of which were hypothesised to improve nematode migration. The results imply that crop rotation currently remains a plausible option for nematode control, and that we still have a lot to learn about the ecology of nematode populations in Vertosols
Linking planetary embryo formation to planetesimal formation I: The impact of the planetesimal surface density in the terrestrial planet zone
The growth time scales of planetary embryos and their formation process are
imperative for our understanding on how planetary systems form and develop.
They determine the subsequent growth mechanisms during the life stages of a
circumstellar disk. We quantify the timescales and spatial distribution of
planetary embryos via collisional growth and fragmentation of dynamically
forming 100km sized planetesimals. In our study, the formation timescales of
viscous disk evolution and planetesimal formation are linked to the formation
of planetary embryos in the terrestrial planet zone. We connect a one
dimensional model for viscous gas evolution, dust and pebble dynamics and
pebble flux regulated planetesimal formation to the N-body code LIPAD. Our
framework enables us to study the formation, growth, fragmentation and
evolution of planetesimals with an initial size of 100km in diameter for the
first million years of a viscous disk. Our study shows the effect of the
planetesimal surface density evolution on the preferential location and
timescales of planetary embryo formation. A one dimensional analytically
derived model for embryo formation based on the local planetesimal surface
density evolution is presented. This model manages to reproduce the spatial
distribution, formation rate and total number of planetary embryos at a
fraction of the computational cost of the N-body simulations. The formation of
planetary embryos in the terrestrial planet zone occurs simultaneously to the
formation of planetesimals. The local planetesimal surface density evolution
and the orbital spacing of planetary embryos in the oligarchic regime serve
well as constraints to model planetary embryo formation analytically. Our
embryo formation model will be a valuable asset in future studies regarding
planet formation
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