China’s emerging global role: dissatisfied responsible great power

China has (re)emerged as a great power in a world not of its own making. The distribution of power in major organisations and the dominant norms of international interactions are deemed to unfairly favour the existing Western powers, and at times obstruct China’s ability to meet national development goals. Nevertheless, engaging the global economy has been a key source of economic growth (thus helping to maintain regime stability), and establishing China’s credentials as a responsible global actor is seen as a means of ensuring continued access to what China needs. As an emerging great power that is also still in many respects a developing country, China’s challenge is to change the global order in ways that do not cause global instability or generate crises that would damage China’s own ability to generate economic growth and ensure political stability

Are men universally more dismissing than women? Gender differences in romantic attachment across 62 cultural regions

The authors thank Susan Sprecher (USA), Del Paulhus (Canada), Glenn D. Wilson (England), Qazi Rahman (England), Alois Angleitner (Germany), Angelika Hofhansl (Austria), Tamio Imagawa (Japan), Minoru Wada (Japan), Junichi Taniguchi (Japan), and Yuji Kanemasa (Japan) for helping with data collection and contributing significantly to the samples used in this study.Gender differences in the dismissing form of adult romantic attachment were investigated as part of the International Sexuality Description Project—a survey study of 17,804 people from 62 cultural regions. Contrary to research findings previously reported in Western cultures, we found that men were not significantly more dismissing than women across all cultural regions. Gender differences in dismissing romantic attachment were evident in most cultures, but were typically only small to moderate in magnitude. Looking across cultures, the degree of gender differentiation in dismissing romantic attachment was predictably associated with sociocultural indicators. Generally, these associations supported evolutionary theories of romantic attachment, with smaller gender differences evident in cultures with high–stress and high–fertility reproductive environments. Social role theories of human sexuality received less support in that more progressive sex–role ideologies and national gender equity indexes were not cross–culturally linked as expected to smaller gender differences in dismissing romantic attachment.peer-reviewe

التحديات التي تواجه الشباب في المجتمع القطري: دراسة استكشافية

يهدف البحث إلى استكشاف أهم التحديات التي يواجهها الشباب في قطر، في جوانبها الأخلاقية والنفسية والاجتماعية والسلوكية، والعوامل التي تسهم في ظهورها، وآليات التدخل الممكن اللجوء إليها للتخفيف منها. استخدم منهجًا تكامليًا لجمع بيانات كمية بالاستبيان لعينة مكونة من (493) من الشباب في الجامعات القطرية، ونوعية بسبعة حلقات نقاشية ومقابلتين شخصيتين، وثانوية بجمع الإحصائيات الرسمية. حللت البيانات الكمية إحصائيًّا ببرنامج (SPSS)، وأجري التحليل الموضوعاتي للبيانات النوعية ببرنامج (MAXQDA). كشفت الدراسة عن مزايا وسمات إيجابية للشباب؛ كارتفاع متوسطات الأعمال الطيبة المتعلقة بالدين والأخلاق. في المقابل يعاني الشباب من مشكلات نفسية، كالقلق والاكتئاب و"الاحتراق النفسي والذهني والإجهاد الفكري والكبت، وقضائهم أوقاتًا طويلة على الأجهزة الإلكترونية بهدف التسلية. أوصت الدراسة بمعالجة السلوكيات السلبية والأمراض النفسية والاجتماعية عبر التدخل السريع، وإشراك الشباب في تطوير برامج الدعم، وإجراء المزيد من الدراسات التتبعية

The interference of the native-speaking language in the English writing performance of Jordanian Universities students: An error analysis study

This study aims to investigate the errors that students made in writing test in a private university in Jordan and mainly focuses on inter-lingual errors. This research has adopted qualitative methodology and analytical approach which  involves the assessment of  facts, evaluation of information and critical thinking to examine the data from the targeted respondents and get outcomes.Descriptive and inferential analysis tool were used in the study to provide meaningful and significant interpretation of the data gathered from the writing tasks, which helped to describe, summarize, and illuminate the data meaningfully and obtain more powerful analyses ,Therefore, inferential statistics in this study were used to get conclusions and inferences, The materials that are used in this study consist of 100 compositions test written by a group of Students ranging from 18 to 21 years  from Zarqa University  selected  using  a random sampling process, given forty-five minutes to accomplish a writing task between 200 to 250 words. Then, it collected from the participants for analysis.This study attempts to explore the major sources of errors occurred in the writing of EFL students

The interference of the native–speaking language in the English writing performance of Jordanian Universities students: An error analysis study

This study aims to investigate the errors that students made in writing test in a private university in Jordan and mainly focuses on inter-lingual errors. This research has adopted qualitative methodology and analytical approach which  involves the assessment of  facts, evaluation of information and critical thinking to examine the data from the targeted respondents and get outcomes. Descriptive and inferential analysis tool were used in the study to provide meaningful and significant interpretation of the data gathered from the writing tasks, which helped to describe, summarize, and illuminate the data meaningfully and obtain more powerful analyses ,Therefore, inferential statistics in this study were used to get conclusions and inferences, The materials that are used in this study consist of 100 compositions test written by a group of Students ranging from 18 to 21 years  from Zarqa University  selected  using  a random sampling process, given forty-five minutes to accomplish a writing task between 200 to 250 words. Then, it collected from the participants for analysis. This study attempts to explore the major sources of errors occurred in the writing of EFL students

Spasmolytic and Antimicrobial Activities of Crude Extract of Bongardia chrysogonum L. Tubers

Background and Objective: Although Bongardia chrysogonum L. (family Berberidaceae) has been used in many countries in traditional medicine to treat gastrointestinal tract disorders, scientific evidence for this treatment is lacking. The present study was carried out to assess the antimicrobial activity and to evaluate the antispasmodic potential of B. chrysogonum tuber extract. Materials and Methods: Extracts were also evaluated for antimicrobial potential against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using the agar well diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were determined by using the micro dilution method. To evaluate the antispasmodic activity of B. chrysogonum extract on contractions induced by the spasmogens acetylcholine, BaCl2 and KCl, contractions of rat duodenum were recorded using an isolated tissue bath chamber with an isotonic transducer and oscillographic device. Results were compared by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnett’s post test. Results: Preliminary phytochemical screening of the tuber extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins and carbohydrates, including monosaccharides. No antimicrobial activity was observed against gram-positive or gram-negative bacteria; however, ethanolic B. chrysogonum tuber extract attenuated the basal contractile activity of rat duodenum smooth muscle and decreased contractions induced by acetylcholine, KCl and BaCl2, suggesting an antimuscarinic effect and/or interference of calcium influx. Alkaloids and saponins present in the extract may account for this antispasmodic effect, suggesting multiple mechanisms that can be explored in future studies. Conclusion: Taken together, results demonstrate that B. chrysogonum tuber extract possesses antispasmodic activity but not antimicrobial activity and supports its traditional use to alleviate gastrointestinal spasms

Facilitating the development of social work in The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

This article reports on a collaboration between Jordan and the UK to develop social work as a profession in Jordan. Reflecting on some of the less anticipated outcomes of the project and the mutual benefits of engaging with cross-cultural alliances, the article is contextualized within debates around post-colonialism and the indigenization of practice