9 research outputs found

    Pro nás lépe už bylo... Vymístění z velké historie a kolektivní paměť "českých Němců"

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    Článek analyzuje autobiografické vzpomínky členů nejstarší generace Němců žijících v České republice. Pracuje s etno-koncepty "českých Němců a/nebo německých Čechů" (a "S/sudetských Němců") jako specificky emickými koncepty a/nebo přirozenými kategoriemi. Nejprve představuje sebe-kategorizace participantů a narativní praktiky, které daná komunita paměti sdílí. Ukazuje, jak tito lidé, kteří v České republice zůstali po odsunu většiny etnických Němců po 2. světové válce, rekonstruují své vidění minulosti. Analyzuje narativní formy užité v těchto autobiografických příbězích a váhu přítomnosti, jež spočívá na evokacích minulosti. Poslední část textu nabízí detailnější rozbor kolektivního obrazu První republiky i toho, jak jej daní mluvčí využívají při popisu, hodnocení a kritice dnešní situace (tj. situace českých Němců v České republice po roce 1989)

    Vlastnictví a kvazi-vlastnictví bytů za socialismu a jejich postsocialistická mutace

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    International audienceV tomto článku se autorka zajímá o vývoj instituce vlastnictví a kvazi-vlastnictví a o vztah mezi formální veřejnou sférou a neformální soukromou sférou. Analyzuje vzájemné propletení formální a neformální ekonomie a označuje tu neformální za organickou součást formální ekonomie. Nejprve se věnuje institucím z historického hlediska a dále pak specifikům reálného socialismu a požívacímu právu, které je připodobňováno k vlastnictví. Následně poukazuje na roli rodiny v procesu přechodu do osobního vlastnictví, analyzuje fenomén restitucí a dědických práv po pádu komunismu a v závěru rozebírá první kroky směrem k legislativě vztahující se ke kvazi-vlastnictví

    Restitution Identity in the Rudé Právo nad Restitution of the Rudé Právo Identity in Year Zero

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    This dissertation analyses the mass media (the Czech communist press "Rudé právo") discourse of property restitutions one year after the revolution of 1989. The author is inspired by the approaches and procedures of Critical Discourse Analysis in investigating the discursive and extra-discursive practices of the communist/left wing newspaper Rudé Právo. From the perspective of symbolic power as control, she analyzes the newspaper text as well as the social context in which the text was produced. She reconstructs the institutional and organizational transformation of the Rudé Právo daily, whose social position and identity changed radically during 1990, from a Communist Party affiliated propagandist to a private left-wing newspaper. The author links a discursive, narrative, and recursive frame analysis of the Czech communist press with the Boltanski and Thévenot theory of justice and the theory of retrospective/transitional justice. The dissertation describes the establishment of the restitution agenda and successive crystallization of the restitution discourse during "year zero" after November 1989. The author also observes the discursive area on a more general scale, i.e., in the economic reform and transformation discourse. In 1990, the privatization ideology represented the core of the transformation..

    ‘You Can’t Take It Personally’: Emotion Management as Part of the Professional Nurse’s Role

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    This study looks into the culture of nursing professionals in the present-day Czech health-care system at a time of personal, generational, and educational transitions (reforms), which have driven a change of organisational-cultural means in the relationship between two key professions: doctors and nurses. The article presents the results of a biographical study of nurses, paying detailed attention to their emotional labour in cooperation with doctors in accident and emergency ward settings. The study draws on the concept of organisational culture in practice/action, on a Goffmanian and Garfinkelian ethnomethodology of scripts of interaction (rules, norms) in order to reconstruct the feeling rules that govern a nurse’s emotional display and her role in cooperating with doctors. The article stresses the importance of emotion management as a substantial part of the gendered professional identities of health-care workers and discusses the situations when nurses’ subordinate status requires a kind of stressful emotion management to keep the doctor-nurse professional relationship intact, which is not required from doctors. The study also presents a variety of coping strategies or practices normalising these morally questionable feeling rules and norms, which guide action as an integral part of the ordinary practices of the social organisation of the nurse’s occupation in hospital settings.83987

    Secondary Metabolites Produced during the Germination of Streptomyces coelicolor

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    Spore awakening is a series of actions that starts with purely physical processes and continues via the launching of gene expression and metabolic activities, eventually achieving a vegetative phase of growth. In spore-forming microorganisms, the germination process is controlled by intra- and inter-species communication. However, in the Streptomyces clade, which is capable of developing a plethora of valuable compounds, the chemical signals produced during germination have not been systematically studied before. Our previously published data revealed that several secondary metabolite biosynthetic genes are expressed during germination. Therefore, we focus here on the secondary metabolite production during this developmental stage. Using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, we found that the sesquiterpenoid antibiotic albaflavenone, the polyketide germicidin A, and chalcone are produced during germination of the model streptomycete, S. coelicolor. Interestingly, the last two compounds revealed an inhibitory effect on the germination process. The secondary metabolites originating from the early stage of microbial growth may coordinate the development of the producer (quorum sensing) and/or play a role in competitive microflora repression (quorum quenching) in their nature environments
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