Rozwój mowy i komunikacji dziecka z uszkodzonym słuchem

The article treats on complexity of speech development, communication process of child with damaged hearing. Article emphasizes factors defining different language and communication competences. Hearing impairment leads to self-expression being delayed. Mentioned delays, could be quantitative (active and passive vocabulary, subordinate to the chronological age of the child) and qualitative (numerous, different disorders of articulation, semantic errors, problems with understanding simple commands)

Middle Frasnian (Devonian) ostracods from the Frasnes railway section (Dinant Synclinorium, Belgium); taxonomy, biostratigraphy, paleoecology

Eighty-nine samples have been collected for ostracods, from the stratotypes for the upper part of the Moulin Liénaux Formation and the Grands Breux Formation, in the Frasnes railway section. Forty-seven taxa were recognised, of which 20 have been recorded for the first time in the Middle Frasnian (Devonian) of the Dinant Synclinorium (Belgium). The stratigraphic distributions of a series of already known species are stated more precisely. The investigated part of the section belongs to the Favulella lecomptei Zone. A new species, Bairdiacypris breuxensis nov. sp. is described. The ostracods present in the upper part of the Moulin Liénaux Formation and in the Grands Breux Formation belong exclusively to the Eifelian Mega-Assemblage and their distribution is principally controlled by the energy of the environment, linked to sea level fluctuations

Crinoid and ostracod succession within the Early-Middle Frasnian interval in the Wietrznia Quarry, Holy Cross Mountains, Poland

Early-Middle Frasnian ostracods and crinoids from Wietrznia in the Northern Kielce subregion of the Holy Cross area were analyzed. Twenty three ostracod species assigned to thirteen named genera, as well as eighteen crinoid species including the representatives of fifteen stem-based taxa were distinguished. For most of the species open nomenclature is applied. The composition of ostracod assemblage changes from moderately diverse in the lower part of the Palmatolepis transitans Zone to poorly diverse in its higher part. Lack of ostracods in the uppermost part of the Pa. transitans Zone and in the Palmatolepis punctata Zone is noted. The crinoid distribution pattern comprises the interval of relatively high diversity, interrupted in the uppermost part of the Pa. transitans Zone, and the interval of temporary recovery in the lower Pa. punctata Zone. Such distribution patterns point to deterioration of environmental conditions across the Early-Middle Frasnian transition, coinciding with a large-scale C-isotopic perturbation superimposed on intermittent, two-step eustatic sea level rise. On the other hand, impoverished, surviving crinoid faunas and absence of ostracods in the Pa. punctata Zone indicate the overall long-term deterioration of life conditions through the major C-isotope anomaly time span. However, this may also result from synsedimentary tectonic pulses, causing block movements and large-scale resedimentation phenomena on the northern slope of the Dyminy Reef during the basal Middle Frasnian sea level rise

Biotic responses to the Late Devonian global events: Introductory remarks

The main aim of this thematic issue is to present new high-resolution taxonomic data and ecologic interpretations that are currently available for the Kellwasser Crisis and other Late Devonian events from different parts of the Devonian world. Nine contributions present results of studies of eastern Laurussian epeiric successions in the framework of the international project “Ecosystem Aspects of Late Devonian Biotic Crisis

Cognitive profile of a child with aphasia‑type speech impairment: diagnostic and therapeutic implications

The article addresses the issue of cognitive functioning of children with aphasia‑type speech impairment. Attention was paid to the very high diversity of this group of children, which depends largely on the depth and extent of neurological disorders in the motor and/or perceptual aspects. Relevant models and theories on memory processes are presented, which may explain the difficulties in cognitive functioning symptomatic of children with aphasia‑type speech impairment.W artykule podjęto problematykę funkcjonowania poznawczego dzieci z niedokształceniem mowy o typie afazji. Zwrócono uwagę na bardzo duże zróżnicowanie tej grupy dzieci, uzależnione w znacznej mierze od głębokości i rozległości zaburzeń neurologicznych w aspekcie ruchowym i/lub percepcyjnym. Przedstawiono istotne z tego punktu widzenia modele i teorie dotyczące procesów pamięciowych, które mogą stanowić wyjaśnienie trudności w funkcjonowaniu poznawczym, symptomatycznych dla dzieci z niedokształceniem mowy o typie afazji