30 research outputs found
Humán hantavírus fertőzések Magyarországon: szeroprevalencia a rizikócsoportban és klinikai esetek a Dél-Dunántúlon 2011-2015 között.
Candidate New Rotavirus Species in Sheltered Dogs, Hungary
We identified unusual rotavirus strains in fecal specimens
from sheltered dogs in Hungary by viral metagenomics. The
novel rotavirus species displayed limited genome sequence
homology to representatives of the 8 rotavirus species,
A–H, and qualifies as a candidate new rotavirus species
that we tentatively named Rotavirus I
Generation of high-order harmonics with tunable photon energy and spectral width using double pulses
This work theoretically investigates high-order harmonic generation in rare
gas atoms driven by two temporally delayed ultrashort laser pulses. Apart from
their temporal delay, the two pulses are identical. Using a single-atom model
of the laser-matter interaction it is shown that the photon energy of the
generated harmonics is controllable within the range of one eV -- a bandwidth
comparable to the photon energy of the fundamental field -- by varying the time
delay between the generating laser pulses. It is also demonstrated that
high-order harmonics generated by double pulses have advantageous
characteristics, which mimick certain properties of an extreme ultraviolet
(XUV) monochromator. With the proposed method, a simpler setup at a much lower
cost and comparatively higher spectral yield can be implemented in contrast to
other approaches.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, after peer-review, corrected typo in author lis
Analysis and Comparison of Rapid Methods for the Determination of Ochratoxin A Levels in Organs and Body Fluids Obtained from Exposed Mice
Mycotoxins are bioaccumulative contaminants impacting animals and humans. The simultaneous detection of frequent active exposures and accumulated mycotoxin level (s) in exposed organisms would be the most ideal to enable appropriate actions. However, few methods are available for the purpose, and there is a demand for dedicated, sensitive, reliable, and practical assays. To demonstrate the issue, mice were exposed to a relevant agent Ochratoxin A (OTA), and accumulated OTA was measured by fine-tuned commercial assays. Quantitative high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and flow cytometry assays have been developed/modified using reagents available as commercial products when appropriate. Assays were performed on excised samples, and results were compared. Accumulated OTA could be detected and quantified; positive correlations (between applied doses of exposure and accumulated OTA levels and the results from assays) were found. Dedicated assays could be developed, which provided comparable results. The presence and accumulation of OTA following even a short exposure could be quantitatively detected. The assays performed similarly, but HPLC had the greatest sensitivity. Blood contained higher levels of OTA than liver and kidney. We demonstrate that specific but flexible and practical assays should be used for specific/local purposes, to measure the exposure itself and accumulation in blood or organs
Generation of high-order harmonics with tunable photon energy and spectral width using double pulses
This work theoretically investigates high-order harmonic generation in rare-gas atoms driven by two temporally delayed ultrashort laser pulses. Apart from their temporal delay, the two pulses are identical. Using a single-atom model of the laser-matter interaction it is shown that the photon energy of the generated harmonics is controllable within the range of one eV-a bandwidth comparable to the photon energy of the fundamental field-by varying the time delay between the generating laser pulses. It is also demonstrated that high-order harmonics generated by double pulses have advantageous characteristics, which mimick certain properties of an extreme ultraviolet monochromator. With the proposed method, a simpler setup at a much lower cost and comparatively higher spectral yield can be implemented in contrast to other approaches
Double-pulse characterization by self-referenced spectral interferometry
The reconstruction of ultrashort optical pulses with a complex intensity substructure is demonstrated using the Self-Referenced Spectral Interferometry (SRSI) pulse characterization technique with a modified phase retrieval algorithm. A correction spectral phase term is extracted by the manipulation of the temporal interferogram, allowing the treatment of scenarios with complicated pulse shapes, where the original algorithm fails. The improved SRSI algorithm is verified through the application on two temporally well-separated pulses having the same polarization direction and spectral shape, generated by duplicating 37 fs-long amplified pulses of a Ti:Sa based laser system. The spectral phase of highly chirped double pulses with equal or different amplitude ratios is numerically retrieved. The collinear and achromatic experimental arrangement results in a compact and easy-to-align system. Published under license by AIP Publishing
Molecular traces of a putative novel insect flavivirus from Anopheles hyrcanus mosquito species in Hungary
Identification of tick-borne encephalitis virus in ticks collected in southeastern Hungary
Tick-borne
encephalitis
virus
(TBEV)
is
an
arthropod-borne
viral
pathogen
causing
infections
in
Europe
and
is
responsible
for
most
arbovirus
central
nervous
system
infections
in
Hungary.
Assessing
the
TBEV
prevalence
in
ticks
through
detection
of
genomic
RNA
is
a
broadly
accepted
approach
to
estimate
the
transmission
risk
from
a
tick
bite.
For
this
purpose,
2731
ticks
were
collected
from
the
neighboring
area
of
the
town
of
Dévaványa,
located
in
southeastern
Hungary,
which
is
considered
a
low-risk-transmission
area
for
TBEV.
Altogether,
2300
ticks
were
collected
from
the
vegetation,
while
431
were
collected
from
rodents.
Samples
were
pooled
and
then
screened
for
TBEV
with
a
newly
designed
semi-nested
RT-PCR
(RT-snPCR)
targeting
the
NS1
genomic
region.
PCR
results
were
confirmed
by
direct
sequencing
of
the
sec-
ond
round
amplicons.
Among
the
3
different
collected
tick
species
(
Ixodes
ricinus
,
Haemaphysalis
concinna
,
Dermacentor
marginatus
),
I.
ricinus
was
the
only
species
that
tested
positive
for
TBEV.
TBEV-positive
ticks
were
collected
from
small
mammals
or
from
the
vegetation.
One
nymphal
pool
and
4
larval
pools
tested
positive
for
TBEV.
The
only
positive
nymphal
pool
was
unfed
and
came
from
vegetation,
while
ticks
of
the
4
positive
larval
pools
were
collected
from
rodents.
Minimal
TBEV
prevalence
in
ticks
was
0.08%
for
unfed
nymphs
and
0.78%
for
feeding
larvae.
Our
results
indicate
that
further
long-term
investigations
on
the
occurrence
of
TBEV
are
needed
to
better
describe
the
geographic
distribution
and
the
prevalence
of
infected
ticks
in
Hungar
Serologic Evidence of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Infection in Hungary
Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a typical tick-borne pathogen that causes an increasing
number of severe infections in many parts of Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and the Balkans, as well as in some
other parts of Europe. The virus is transmitted primarily by Hyalomma spp., and the spectrum of natural hosts for
CCHFV is broad, including wild and domestic animals. Although, the presence of CCHFV was hypothesized in
Hungary, no significant research activity has been carried out in the past 30 years. In the present study, we
provide serological evidence of CCHFV infection in Lepus europeus using newly developed antibody detection
assays. Of 198 samples, 12 (6%) were positive for immunoglobulin G antibody against CCHFV, with 2 independent
detection assays. This observation indicates a need for a large-scale surveillance to estimate the potential
public health risk of CCHFV in Hungary
Circulation of Dirofilaria repens, Setaria tundra, and Onchocercidae species in Hungary during the period 2011–2013
Dirofilaria repens and recently Dirofilaria immitis are known to be endemic in Hungary. Since there isno related research on Dirofilaria carrier mosquito species from Hungary, we conducted a three-yearmosquito surveillance study between 2011 and 2013. During the study period we examined 23,139female mosquitoes with a generic filaria-specific TaqMan PCR assay, and characterized them by sequenc-ing a 500 bp segment of 12S rRNA. An important result of our study was the detection of Setaria tundraand D. repens along with an unidentified Onchocercidae nematode. D. repens is known to be endemic inHungary, however, the detection of S. tundra in all sampling sites throughout the study period indicatesfor the first time the endemicity of this parasite in Hungary. The Onchocercidae sp. nematode showed95% nucleotide identity with previously detected unidentified nematodes from Germany, indicating abroader geographical distribution of this nematode in Europe. D. immitis specific DNA was not detectedamong the screened mosquitoes in this study. Here we report 11 mosquito species as potential vectororganisms for local filarial infections, including Aedes vexans, Ochlerotatus annulipes, Ochlerotatus sticti-cus, Coquillettidia richiardii, Anopheles hyrcanus and Ochlerotatus rusticus. Dirofilaria development unitwas calculated and the potential transmission period was estimated, which ranged between 65 and 113days between sampling seasons. A relatively high infection rate (36.8%) was identified, which is a notablefinding for veterinary and human health professionals. Moreover, the results of our study widen thegroup of possible mosquito vector species for D. repens and S. tundra in Central Europe