Understanding the Leadership Crisis in Africa Using the Case of Nigeria

Leadership effectiveness is instrumental in the socioeconomic and political development of any society. In Africa, ineffective leadership has resulted in crises of varying degrees, with poor development visible in the society. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to understand individual lived experiences of leadership crisis in Nigeria, specifically, and its impact on the relationship between the leaders and their followers, in order to extrapolate to the continent. Using transformational leadership theory, the study sought to understand breakdowns in trust networks between leaders and followers, perceptions of leadership accountability, failure of leaders to align their campaign promises with their various political parties, and detachment of leaders from followers after winning elections into political offices. A phenomenological approach was used to purposively interview 17 political leaders and 18 followers and data were thematically analyzed. Results of the study revealed that corruption, political thuggery, nepotism, and faulty electoral laws have encouraged monetization of the electoral processes, under-aged voting, undemocratic leadership selection processes (at the political party levels), and other electoral malpractices. Furthermore, some participants viewed the problem from the electorates who are mostly poor, uneducated, and illiterate as easily swayed by ethno-religious sentiments. To aptly address these problems, the study proffered immediate, intermediate, and long-term recommendations for Nigeria to engender leadership with minimal crises. The positive social change implication of the study is the implementation of an all-inclusive leadership education policy that will aid in stemming the crises associated with leadership in Nigeria

Feelings of Insecurity in Hotels and Host Communities, Ibadan, Nigeria

The study examines factors influencing the feelings of insecurity in Hotels and Host Communities of Ibadan, Nigeria. The results showed that theft, fraud, robbery sexual abuse, and burglary were the most frequently worried crime in the hotel industry while robbery, theft, fraud, burglary, and sexual abuse were highly worried among the residents of host communities. Using factor analysis, Mechanical/personal (42.7%), human (19.5%), economic (11.53%), and environmental factors (8.49%) were the factors influencing the feelings of insecurity among hotel staff while human/personal (49.30%), economic (11.261%), mechanical (7.49%), and environmental factor (6.52%) were the factors among residents of host communities. The study concluded that irrespective of the geographical area, feelings of insecurity is associated with different determinants and criminal activities vary based on several factors

Elders' Perception of Rental Housing Quality While Ageing-in-Place in Core Residential Areas of Abeokuta, Nigeria

The study focused on elders' perception of rental housing quality while ageing-in-place in core residential areas of Abeokuta, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling procedure was adopted in selecting 92 elderly in the core residential areas of Abeokuta. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study showed that quality of housing elements, facilities and infrastructure that elders live in as they continue to age-in-place (floors, bathrooms, windows, ceilings, roof, power supply, sewage management, drainage condition and refuse management) as rated by the elders were not in good condition. The result from the study also established that elders were averagely satisfied with the available infrastructure. The study recommended that house owners should rehabilitate and renovate some housing elements in order to improve quality of life and well-being as elders continue to age-in-place in the environment. Government also should assist to improve the condition of the infrastructure identified in the study area that was not satisfied with by the elders

Elders' Perception of Rental Housing Quality While Ageing-in-Place in Core Residential Areas of Abeokuta, Nigeria

The study focused on elders' perception of rental housing quality while ageing-in-place in core residential areas of Abeokuta, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling procedure was adopted in selecting 92 elderly in the core residential areas of Abeokuta. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study showed that quality of housing elements, facilities and infrastructure that elders live in as they continue to age-in-place (floors, bathrooms, windows, ceilings, roof, power supply, sewage management, drainage condition and refuse management) as rated by the elders were not in good condition. The result from the study also established that elders were averagely satisfied with the available infrastructure. The study recommended that house owners should rehabilitate and renovate some housing elements in order to improve quality of life and well-being as elders continue to age-in-place in the environment. Government also should assist to improve the condition of the infrastructure identified in the study area that was not satisfied with by the elders

Regression analysis of residents’ perception on willingness to pay (WTP) for improved water supply: a case from Nigeria

Purpose. The purpose of this paper was to investigate residents’ perception on willingness to pay (WTP) for improved water supply in Owo Local Government Area of Ondo State, Nigeria using regression analysis. Methodology / approach. Data were collected from 512 households through multistage sampling from eleven political wards in Owo. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and stepwise regression. Results. Findings showed that 44.9 % of the residents obtained water from public utility while 21.5 % and 18.8 % obtained water from well and borehole respectively. Majority of the residents (72.6 %) were of the opinion that public water supply were irregular and unreliable but were willing to pay for improved water supply (74.6 %). Residents were willing to pay an average sum of N972 (US$2.7) per month for improved water supply services. Originality / scientific novelty. The results of stepwise regression analysis revealed that age, income, access to water supply, education, quality of water, frequency of water supply and gender were the factors influencing residents’ willingness to pay (WTP) for improved water supply services in the study area. There is need for government to create enabling policy for public-private partnership in the improvement of water supply in the study area. Practical value / implications. The implication of these findings is that government and public-private organisation should consider age, income, access to water supply, education, quality of water, frequency of water supply and gender when evaluating residents’ willingness to pay in the study area

Infrastructural facilities and industrial development: an empirical investigation in the Lagos region / Obiekty infrastrukturalne i rozwój przemysłowy: empiryczne badanie w regionie Lagos

Subject and purpose of work: Investment in infrastructural facilities has the capacity to create an enabling environment to stimulate business and industrial activities. Nevertheless, there are a few studies on the impact of infrastructural facilities on industrial development in developing countries. The main aim of this study is to investigate the impact of infrastructural facilities on industrial development in Lagos State, Nigeria. Materials and methods: One hundred and three questionnaires were administered to the selected companies through the use of multi-stage sampling techniques across the industrial zones. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics while ANOVA, Stepwise Regression, and correlation were used to investigate the research hypothesis. Results: The research shows that the impact of infrastructure on research and development is poor, while the infrastructural impact on the ease of production is averagely significant. Using Stepwise regression, the study revealed that ease of production (89.7%), productivity (1.1%), and industrial expansion (1.5%) were the major areas of industrial development that were positively impacted while research and development and workers' morale were not positively impacted. The result of Pearson's product moment correlation coefficient shows that a relationship exists between infrastructural facilities and industrial development of the Lagos region (r= 0.880; p-value=0.000) at 0.05 level of significance. Conclusions: The study concluded that adequacy of infrastructural facilities positively enhances and boosts the industrial potential of the study area.Przedmiot i cel pracy: Inwestycje w obiekty infrastrukturalne mogą stworzyć warunki sprzyjające stymulowaniu działalności gospodarczej i przemysłowej. Niemniej jednak istnieje kilka badań dotyczących wpływu obiektów infrastrukturalnych na rozwój przemysłu w krajach rozwijających się. Głównym celem tego badania jest zbadanie wpływu obiektów infrastrukturalnych na rozwój przemysłowy w stanie Lagos w Nigerii. Materiały i metody: Wyselekcjonowanym przedsiębiorstwom rozesłano 103 kwestionariusze, stosując wielostopniowe techniki pobierania próbek w strefach przemysłowych. Zebrane dane zostały przeanalizowane przy użyciu statystyk opisowych, podczas gdy do zbadania hipotezy ba-dawczej zostały użyte ANOVA, regresja krokowa i korelacja. Wyniki: Z badań wynika, że wpływ infrastruktury na badania i rozwój jest niewielki, natomiast wpływ infrastruktury na łatwość produkcji jest średnio znaczący. Wykorzystując regresję krokową, badanie wykazało, że łatwość produkcji (89,7%), produktywność (1,1%) i ekspansja przemy-słowa (1,5%) były głównymi obszarami rozwoju przemysłowego, na które wpływ był pozytywny natomiast morale pracowników, badania i rozwój nie znalazły się pod pozytywnym wpływem. Wynik współczynnika korelacji momentu iloczynu Pearsona pokazuje, że istnieje związek między obiektami infrastrukturalnymi a rozwojem przemysłowym regionu Lagos (r = 0,880; wartość p = 0,000) na poziomie istotności 0,05. Wnioski: W badaniu stwierdzono, że adekwatność obiektów infrastrukturalnych pozytywnie zwiększa i wzmacnia potencjał przemysłowy badanego obszaru

INFRASTRUCTURAL FACILITIES AND INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION IN THE LAGOS REGION

Subject and purpose of work: Investment in infrastructural facilities has the capacity to create an enabling environment to stimulate business and industrial activities. Nevertheless, there are a few studies on the impact of infrastructural facilities on industrial development in developing countries. The main aim of this study is to investigate the impact of infrastructural facilities on industrial development in Lagos State, Nigeria. Materials and methods: One hundred and three questionnaires were administered to the selected companies through the use of multi-stage sampling techniques across the industrial zones. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics while ANOVA, Stepwise Regression, and correlation were used to investigate the research hypothesis. Results: The research shows that the impact of infrastructure on research and development is poor, while the infrastructural impact on the ease of production is averagely significant. Using Stepwise regression, the study revealed that ease of production (89.7%), productivity (1.1%), and industrial expansion (1.5%) were the major areas of industrial development that were positively impacted while research and development and workers' morale were not positively impacted. The result of Pearson's product moment correlation coefficient shows that a relationship exists between infrastructural facilities and industrial development of the Lagos region (r= 0.880; p-value=0.000) at 0.05 level of significance. Conclusions: The study concluded that adequacy of infrastructural facilities positively enhances and boosts the industrial potential of the study area

Implication of ICT use on productivity and regional development planning among small scale enterprises in Ondo state

One of the reasons often cited for underdevelopment of African cities and regions is low application of smart technology to improve means of production. This often led to inefficiency which is ultimately reflected in space. This paper investigated the level of ICT usage among small scale manufacturing enterprises in Ondo State. The study also investigated intra-regional variations in use of smart technologies in the industrial subsector and compared same across the three regions of the state. A sample of 352 enterprises was taken from three senatorial regions and nine settlements which were purposively sampled and interviewed using questionnaire. The production and operational system of these firms were observed. The data collected were analysed using descriptive and inferential methods. The study established that proportion of ICT users concentrated more in Ondo Central 45.7% than Ondo south (28.7%) and Ondo north (25.6%). It was also discovered that formal small scale enterprises made more use of ICT products, compared with those in the informal sector. Moreover ICT use among enterprises were urban biased as 91.2% of enterprises in this category were located in major towns of Akure, Okitipupa and Ikare, 8.1% in minor towns of Obaile, Ode Aye and Ugbe, with villages of Aponmu Iboropa and Ikoya being relatively insignificant (0.8%). The study established that enterprises that made use of smart technologies tend to be more efficient in terms of production and marketing especially in identification of new markets, networking, subcontracting, security and other linkage benefits. Also, regional industrial development entails not only quantitative growth of industries, but an industry that embrace a new opportunities in innovation, and technology especially in management, record keeping, production, decision making etc

Implication of ICT use on productivity and regional development planning among small scale enterprises in Ondo state

One of the reasons often cited for underdevelopment of African cities and regions is low application of smart technology to improve means of production. This often led to inefficiency which is ultimately reflected in space. This paper investigated the level of ICT usage among small scale manufacturing enterprises in Ondo State. The study also investigated intra-regional variations in use of smart technologies in the industrial subsector and compared same across the three regions of the state. A sample of 352 enterprises was taken from three senatorial regions and nine settlements which were purposively sampled and interviewed using questionnaire. The production and operational system of these firms were observed. The data collected were analysed using descriptive and inferential methods. The study established that proportion of ICT users concentrated more in Ondo Central 45.7% than Ondo south (28.7%) and Ondo north (25.6%). It was also discovered that formal small scale enterprises made more use of ICT products, compared with those in the informal sector. Moreover ICT use among enterprises were urban biased as 91.2% of enterprises in this category were located in major towns of Akure, Okitipupa and Ikare, 8.1% in minor towns of Obaile, Ode Aye and Ugbe, with villages of Aponmu Iboropa and Ikoya being relatively insignificant (0.8%). The study established that enterprises that made use of smart technologies tend to be more efficient in terms of production and marketing especially in identification of new markets, networking, subcontracting, security and other linkage benefits. Also, regional industrial development entails not only quantitative growth of industries, but an industry that embrace a new opportunities in innovation, and technology especially in management, record keeping, production, decision making etc