Well-Posedness for a System of Quadratic Derivative Nonlinear Schrodinger Equations with Radial Initial Data

Hirayama H, Kinoshita S, Okamoto M. Well-Posedness for a System of Quadratic Derivative Nonlinear Schrodinger Equations with Radial Initial Data. ANNALES HENRI POINCARE. 2020;21(8):2611-2636.In the present paper, we consider the Cauchy problem of the system of quadratic derivative nonlinear Schrodinger equations. This system was introduced by Colin and Colin (Differ Integral Equ 17:297-330, 2004). The first and second authors obtained some well-posedness results in the Sobolev space H-s(R-d). We improve these results for conditional radial initial data by rewriting the system radial form

Experiments on Relationship between Gas Transfer in River Stream

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchive

Fractal mechanism of basin of attraction in passive dynamic walking

Passive dynamic walking is a model that walks down a shallow slope without any control or input. This model has been widely used to investigate how humans walk with low energy consumption and provides design principles for energy-efficient biped robots. However, the basin of attraction is very small and thin and has a fractal-like complicated shape, which makes producing stable walking difficult. In our previous study, we used the simplest walking model and investigated the fractal-like basin of attraction based on dynamical systems theory by focusing on the hybrid dynamics of the model composed of the continuous dynamics with saddle hyperbolicity and the discontinuous dynamics caused by the impact upon foot contact. We clarified that the fractal-like basin of attraction is generated through iterative stretching and bending deformations of the domain of the Poincaré map by sequential inverse images. However, whether the fractal-like basin of attraction is actually fractal, i.e., whether infinitely many self-similar patterns are embedded in the basin of attraction, is dependent on the slope angle, and the mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we improved our previous analysis in order to clarify this mechanism. In particular, we newly focused on the range of the Poincaré map and specified the regions that are stretched and bent by the sequential inverse images of the Poincaré map. Through the analysis of the specified regions, we clarified the conditions and mechanism required for the basin of attraction to be fractal

Development of an energy and environmental education program dealing with social issues

In the 3rd grader of junior high school, we propose a new subject "resources and energy" dealing with social issues. Through this subject, we aim to foster the ability to think from a multifaceted and integrated viewpoint. We conducted a questionnaire survey whether students understand about scientific or social terms related to energy in the next year. The degree of understanding of the students who learned the program was high. And there were many students who thought that social issues could be solved by science and technology in future in comparison with groups that did not study this program

Dynorphin induced magnetic ordering in lipid bilayers as studied by 31P NMR spectroscopy

AbstractLipid bilayers of dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) containing opioid peptide dynorphin A(1–17) are found to be spontaneously aligned to the applied magnetic field near at the phase transition temperature between the gel and liquid crystalline states (Tm=24°C), as examined by 31P NMR spectroscopy. The specific interaction between the peptide and lipid bilayer leading to this property was also examined by optical microscopy, light scattering, and potassium ion-selective electrode, together with a comparative study on dynorphin A(1–13). A substantial change in the light scattering intensity was noted for DMPC containing dynorphin A(1–17) near at Tm but not for the system containing A(1–13). Besides, reversible change in morphology of bilayer, from small lipid particles to large vesicles, was observed by optical microscope at Tm. These results indicate that lysis and fusion of the lipid bilayers are induced by the presence of dynorphin A(1–17). It turned out that the bilayers are spontaneously aligned to the magnetic field above Tm in parallel with the bilayer surface, because a single 31P NMR signal appeared at the perpendicular position of the 31P chemical shift tensor. In contrast, no such magnetic ordering was noted for DMPC bilayers containing dynorphin A(1–13). It was proved that DMPC bilayer in the presence of dynorphin A(1–17) forms vesicles above Tm, because leakage of potassium ion from the lipid bilayers was observed by potassium ion-selective electrode after adding Triton X-100. It is concluded that DMPC bilayer consists of elongated vesicles with the long axis parallel to the magnetic field, together with the data of microscopic observation of cylindrical shape of the vesicles. Further, the long axis is found to be at least five times longer than the short axis of the elongated vesicles in view of simulated 31P NMR lineshape

Distribution and Endocrine Morphology of Polypeptide YY (PYY) Containing Cells in the Human Gut

Using human materials, the distribution of PYY containing cells was determined by immunocytochemical methods and discussion was made on their morphological endocrinology. PYY cells were fairly numerous in the lower gastrointestinal tract of man, particularly in the colon and rectum. The cells were also present in the pancreas and duodenum but quite rarely. PYY cells were not observed at all in the lower part of the esophagus, stomach and gall bladder. Their peculiar and characteristic shapes as well as distribution suggest that PYY may have some action (probably specific) on the function of the distal gastrointestinal tract