Evaluation of the effects of Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy in Female Outpatients with Depression by Psychiatric Nurses

科学研究費助成事業(科学研究費補助金)研究成果報告書：基盤研究(C)2008-2012課題番号：2059269

グリオーマにおけるDNAメチルトランスフェラーゼmRNAの発現

取得学位 : 博士（医学）, 学位授与番号 : 医博甲第1214号, 学位授与年月日：平成8年3月25日,学位授与年：199

Longitudinal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of mental disorders in preadolescents and adolescents

Background　School closures and social distancing may have affected mental health among preadolescent and adolescent children, who are in a social developmental stage. Rates of anxiety, depression, and stress have been reported to have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic among teenagers worldwide. However, most studies have measured children's mental health in cross-sectional studies or short-term comparisons before and after lockdowns and school closures, and few studies have tracked the long-term effects on mental health among children and adolescents, despite the pandemic lasting more than 2 years. Methods　An interrupted time-series analysis was performed for longitudinal changes in the monthly number of new mental disorders (eating disorders, schizophrenia, mood disorders, and somatoform disorders). Using a nationwide multicenter electronic health records database in Japan, we analyzed data of patients aged 9 to 18 years from 45 facilities that provided complete data throughout the study period. The study period covered January 2017 to May 2021, defining a national school closure as an intervention event. We modeled the monthly new diagnoses of each mental disorder using a segmented Poisson regression model. Results　The number of new diagnoses throughout the study period was 362 for eating disorders, 1104 for schizophrenia, 926 for mood disorders, and 1836 for somatoform disorders. The slope of the regression line in monthly number of new diagnoses increased in the post-pandemic period for all targeted mental disorders (change in slope for eating disorders 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-1.11; schizophrenia 1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.07; mood disorders 1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.07; and somatoform disorders 1.04 95% CI 1.02-1.07). The number of new diagnoses for schizophrenia and mood disorders increased early after school closure; while eating disorders showed an increasing trend several months later. Somatoform disorders showed a decreasing trend followed by an increasing trend. Time trends by sex and age also differed for each mental disorder. Conclusions　In the post-pandemic period, the number of new cases increased over time for eating disorders, schizophrenia, mood disorders, and somatoform disorders. The timing of increase and trends by sex and age differed for each mental disorder

Metallic phase in the metal-intercalated higher fullerene Rb8.8(7)C84

A new material of higher fullerene, RbxC84, was synthesized by intercalating Rb metal into C-84 crystals. The RbxC(84) crystals showed a simple cubic (sc) structure with lattice constant, a, of 16.82 (2) angstrom at 6.5 K, and 16.87 (2) angstrom at 295 K. The Rietveld refinements were achieved with the space group, Pa (3) over bar, based on a model that the C-2 axis of D2d-C84 aligned along [111]. The sample composition was determined to be Rb-8.8(7) C-84. The ESR spectrum at 303 K was composed of a broad peak with peak-to-peak linewidth Delta H-pp of 220 G, and a narrow peak with Delta H-pp of 24 G. Temperature dependence of the broad peak clearly showed a metallic behavior. The metallic behavior was discussed based on a theoretical calculation. This finding of new metallic phase in a higher fullerene is the first step for a development of new types of fullerene materials with novel physical properties such as superconductivity.</p

Effects of Erbium-Doped: Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Er: YAG) Laser on Bacteremia due to Scaling and Root Planing

INTRODUCTION: The aims of the present study were: [1] to evaluate whether Erbium-Doped: Yttrium, Aluminum and Garnet (Er: YAG) laser could be a prophylactic methods against transient bacteremia during scaling and root planing (SRP) [2] to confirm the efficacies of SRP with Er: YAG laser by clinical and microbiologic evaluations.METHODS: Twenty chronic periodontitis subjects were randomly treated for quadrant SRP with either conventional hand instrument (n=10) or Er: YAG laser (n=10) monotherapy. Peripheral blood samples were drawn at baseline and 6 minutes after initiation of SRP, and were cultured for the analysis of bacteremia. Clinical measurements of full mouth plaque control record (PCR), probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were made at baseline and 1 month after SRP. In addition, microbiologic analyses of subgingival samples were also performed at baseline and 1 month after SRP using the polymerase chain reaction Invader method.RESULTS: The incidence of bacteremia during SRP was 0% (0/10) in the Er: YAG laser group and 80% (8/10) in the hand instrument group, which was significantly different (P = 0.0003). All isolates from blood were facultative or obligate anaerobes and more than half of the microorganisms were species of streptococci. Intragroup comparison revealed that the mean PPD and CAL significantly decreased compared to baseline in both groups (P &lt; 0.05). However, the percentage of BOP positive significantly decreased only in Er: YAG laser group (P = 0.005). In addition, the reductions of the subgingival bacterial counts between baseline and 1 month after SRP were also comparable between the two groups.CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated that SRP with Er: YAG laser could not only be an alternative treatment for improvement of clinical and microorganisms situations but also a novel prophylactic method against transient bacteremia

Quality of life and physical/psychosocial factors in children and adolescents with orthostatic intolerance

Background　Orthostatic intolerance (OI), which is common in children and adolescents, negatively impacts their quality of life (QOL) due to physical symptoms that limit work, school, and daily activities. The purpose of this study is to explore the association of physical and psychosocial factors with QOL scores in children and adolescents with OI. Methods　A cross sectional observational study was conducted. The study participants included 95 Japanese pediatric patients of age 9-15 years who were diagnosed with OI from April 2010 to March 2020. The QOL scores and the QOL T-scores of children with OI assessed using the KINDL-R questionnaire at the initial visit were compared with conventional normative data. The associations of physical and psychosocial factors with the QOL T-scores were examined using multiple linear regression. Results　Pediatric patients with OI had significantly lower QOL scores than healthy children in both elementary (50.7 +/- 13.5 vs. 67.9 +/- 13.4, p Conclusions　These results suggest that the assessment of QOL, including both physical and psychosocial aspects, especially school factors, needs to be implemented earlier in children and adolescents with OI

Histogram-pattern analysis of the lung perfused blood volume for assessment of pulmonary thromboembolism

PURPOSE:We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of histograms of lung perfused blood volume (HLPBV) based on the presence of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) and the pulmonary embolic burden.METHODS:A total of 168 patients (55 males; mean age, 62.9 years) underwent contrast-enhanced dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) between January 1 2012 and October 31 2014. Initial DECT images were three-dimensionally reconstructed, and the HLPBV patterns were divided into three types, including the symmetric type (131 patients, 78.0%), gradual type (25 patients, 14.9%), and asymmetric type (12 patients, 7.1%).RESULTS:Acute PTE was diagnosed in all 12 patients with asymmetric type (100%), 19 of the 25 patients with gradual type (76%) and 24 of the 131 patients with symmetric type (18.3%). HLPBV pattern exhibited correlations with the right/left ventricular diameter ratio (r=0.36, P = 0.007) and CT obstruction index (r=0.63, P < 0.001) in patients with PTEs. When the gradual and asymmetric types were regarded as positive for PTE, the specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 92.9%, 83.8%, 87.6%, and 81.0%, respectively.CONCLUSION:Histogram-pattern analysis using DECT might be a useful application to diagnose PTE

Association between Inter-atrial Septum Motion and Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence after Catheter Ablation

Article信州医学雑誌 69(4) : 189-201(2021)departmental bulletin pape

Survival time analysis of remaining teeth following replacement of unilateral free-end missing teeth: A comparison between fixed implant-supported prostheses and removable partial dentures

Tsujioka Y., Mameno T., Akema S., et al. Survival time analysis of remaining teeth following replacement of unilateral free-end missing teeth: A comparison between fixed implant-supported prostheses and removable partial dentures. Clinical Oral Implants Research , (2024); https://doi.org/10.1111/clr.14248.Objectives: This retrospective study aimed to investigate the differences in tooth loss rate between fixed implant-supported prostheses (FISPs) and removable partial dentures (RPDs) in cases of unilateral free-end missing teeth. Materials and Methods: The data of 324 patients who underwent treatment with FISPs or RPDs for unilateral free-end missing teeth and satisfied the applicable criteria, were evaluated (47 in the FISPs group and 277 in the RPDs group). After propensity score (PS) matching, which was used to extract patients with similar background factors related to prosthetic selection at baseline, survival time analyses were performed with tooth loss as the endpoint. The adjusted variables were age, sex, number of restored teeth, periodontal status, and the practicing dentist's experience in years. The remaining teeth were classified into subcategories in relation to the missing molars. Results: Overall, 58 patients (29 in each group) selected by PS matching were evaluated in the final analysis. The total number of lost teeth was 35 (FISPs group: n = 10; RPDs group: n = 25). The mean (±SD) period to tooth loss and the 10-year survival rates in the FISPs and RPDs groups were 51.6 (±30.1) months and 42.3 (±29.7) months, 70.5% and 16.4%, respectively. The log-rank test showed that significantly longer survival time in FISPs compared with RPDs. Conclusions: After adjustments for confounding factors using PS matching, replacing unilateral free-end missing teeth with FISPs may exhibit a lower tooth loss rate in adjacent and contralateral teeth compared to replacing with RPDs

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Psychiatric Nursing in Japan

Psychiatric nurses have played a significant role in disseminating cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in Western countries; however, in Japan, the application, practice, efficiency, and quality control of CBT in the psychiatric nursing field are unclear. This study conducted a literature review to assess the current status of CBT practice and research in psychiatric nursing in Japan. Three English databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO) and two Japanese databases (Ichushi-Web and CiNii) were searched with predetermined keywords. Fifty-five articles met eligibility criteria: 46 case studies and 9 comparative studies. It was found that CBT took place primarily in inpatient settings and targeted schizophrenia and mood disorders. Although there were only a few comparative studies, each concluded that CBT was effective. However, CBT recipients and outcome measures were diverse, and nurses were not the only CBT practitioners in most reports. Only a few articles included the description of CBT training and supervision. This literature review clarified the current status of CBT in psychiatric nursing in Japan and identified important implications for future practice and research: performing CBT in a variety of settings and for a wide range of psychiatric disorders, conducting randomized controlled trials, and establishing pre- and postqualification training system