Mesh Generation for Convex 3-Dimensional Domain

The aim of this investigation is the proposal of 3D mesh generation method based on the Delaunay triangulation. The method is valid for the finite element modelling of any convex 3D domain into tetrahedra with optimum geometrical configuration. This paper includes the mathematical background of the mesh generation method, its detail, proposal of some efficient tools for faster and more rigorous computations, and some examples of the mesh generation

The influence on the family of mother's staying away from home in order to take care her child who is suffering from a disease at a hospital -Psychosomatic changes in children left at home-

The self administered questionnaire survey by mail was done by 135 mothers having been away from their home in order to take care of their children treated at the university hospital and having left her other children at home. Data on the psychosomatic changes of 172 children cared for by persans other than their mothers during their mothers' absence were obtained. The relationship between psychosomatic influences on these children and the situation they were put in was statitically analysed by X(2) test and multivariate analysis with Hayashi's type 2 quantification. The results showed that whether there was an influence on children or not was affected by some factors such as their age, who took care of them and the duration of the mothers' absence. According to their ages, a variety of different psychosomatic influences was found. The most frequent influences are emotional ones (69.1%), followed by behavioral ones (18.6%) including 8 cases of children refusing to go to school or nursery school. These findings are instructive for nurses who give advice to mothers in such situation

Nursing practitioners' perception of inpatients' anxiety, self-esteem, purpose-in-life and health locus of control.

Nursing practitioners' perception of inpatients' anxiety, self-esteem, purpose-in-life and health locus of control.</p

A new scale for student nurses to rate image of the elderly

Our prior scale for student nurses to rate image of the elderly is inadequate both in number of items used and in exaustiveness of possible images they have. This study attempts to construct a new rating scale by decreasing the number of the previous items and by incorporrating pertinent novel items. A new scale reported here consisits of 20 items, with 15 items being determined through a factor analysisi of the previous 38 items and 5 items being selected after a survey of relevant studies

Percentage body fat and results of a periodic health examination

肥満や栄養過剰は多くの慢性疾患、とりわけ成人病と関連が強いことが従来から指摘されている。肥満の判定には体脂肪率を測定することが重要であるが、その方法の一つとして、集団検診に使用しやすい生体電気インピーダンス法（bioelectrical impedance analysis）がある。今回、1ビール製造工場の定期健康診断において、対象者男235人および女137人の体脂肪率をこの方法により測定した。まずこの体脂肪率とBMIおよび肥満度との相関関係を求め、男性より女性において相関が高いことを認めた。ついで肥満群と正常群に分けて、血圧および血液検査の異常率の出現頻度を統計的に比較したところ、肥満群では男女共に総コレステロールで、また男性では尿酸、γGTP、SGPTの各値で、異常者が高率であることを認めた。またSGPTは30才台から、γGTP及びTchは40才台からその傾向が見られた。しかし、肥満指数とこれらの検査値との相関係数は高くはなかった。Data from periodic health examinations such as ALP, UA, RBC, Hb, SGOT, SGPT, Tch(total choresterol), TG(triglyceride), blood pressure, body length, body weight and also percentage body fat(% Fat) as measured by bioelectrical impedance mehtod were obtained from 235 male and 137 female workers at a brewery factory in Okayama Prefecture and results were analyzed. The correlation coefficients for % Fat and Body Mass Index values(BMI) are found to be 0.678 for males and 0.803 for females. Examinees were then devided into normal and obesity groups respectively, and the frequency of values over normal ranges (classified by obesity indicators such as % Fat, BMI and obesity rate calculated from standard weight) were statistically compared. Results showed that % Fat and BMI were more sensitive than obesity rate and that the obesity group had statistically high frequencies of abnormality in some of the data as in the case of SGPT, γGTP and TG compared to the control group. Furthermore this tendency was found to be more significant among male workers than female ones

Changes of Student Nurses' views and Images of the Elderly before and after Practicing at Nursing Homes

A questionnaire survey was done by 76 third year-students of the nursing course before and after practicing at the two nursing homes in 1989. The same questions about their views and images of the aged person were given twice and compared. Question to image consists of 38 paired items respectively opposed to be rated on a seven-point scale. The results showed that their views and images had changed from idealistic to realistic as a result of their practices. These were some differences found in these changes by the home and the period of practice

Food intake and nutrients intake of nursing student.

1993年及び1994年度の本短期大学部看護学科の2年次生145名を対象に, 1日の摂取食品調査を行い,摂取食品数,栄養摂取量,栄養素等充足率を求めた。これらの分析の結果,以下の結論を得た。1.全体の平均充足率のバランスは,食物繊維が低く,ビタミンA,ビタミンCが高い値を示した。2.摂取食品数と栄養素等との相関は低かったが,食品数を2群に分けて比較すると,食品数多群でエネルギー,鉄,ビタミンC,食塩の摂取量が有意に多かった。3.充足率の低かった食物繊維とビタミンAは相関があり,また食物繊維の充足率の低い学生は,カルシウム,鉄の充足率が低い傾向にあった。4.自宅生と下宿生の比較では,差は見られなかった｡これらの改善には,栄養素等の不足を効果的に補える食品の選択や,若い世代の嗜好や生活にあった食習慣形成のための情報提供が必要である｡A questionnaire survey on daily food intake was conducted to assess the food intake,the nutritional intake and fulfilling rate of nutrients in 145 second-years students of School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, in 1993 and 1994. The following results were obtained. 1. The mean fulfilling rate was low for dietary fiber, while it was high for vitamin A and vitamin C. 2. There were low correlation between the number of foods and any specific nutrient. Intakes of energy,iron, Vitamin C and salt were significantly higher in students taking a large number of foods than those taking a small number of foods. 3. There was a correlation between the intake of dietary fiber and that of vitamin A. Students with a low fulfilling rate of dietary fiber tended to have low fulfilling rate of calcium and iron. 4. There were no differences between students living with their parents and those living alone. Food intake should be decided effectively to correct nutritional imbalance in students. It is necessary to inform young people how to form dietary habits corresponding to their taste and life-style

Th1 Th2, Tc1 Tc2 cells of patients with otolaryngological diseases

ABSTRACTCytokines are important regulatory mediators secreted by T cells and other immunoactive cells. Based on the cytokine synthesis patterns, CD4 T cells can often be classified into at least two populations with different immune regulatory functions. The Th1 cells, producing interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon (IFN)-γ, are often associated with cell-mediated immune responses such as delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH), whereas Th2 cells, secreting IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13, usually provide B cell help and enhance allergic reactions. Naïve CD8 T cells, similar to CD4 T cells, can differentiate into at least two subsets of cytolytic effector cells with distinct cytokine patterns. The Tc1 cells secrete a Th 1 - like cytokine pattern, including IL-2 and IFN-γ. The Tc2 cells produce Th2 cytokines, including IL-4, IL-5 and 11—10. There is increasing evidence that Th1/Th2 and Tc1/Tc2 cytokine imbalance has been of patho- genetic importance in various diseases, such as allergic and autoimmune diseases. The present review article focuses on the evidence that the imbalance of Th1/Th2 and Tc1/Tc2 cytokines plays an important role in various otolaryngological diseases, such as Kimura's disease, Wegener's granulomatosism, acute perceptive hearing loss and Meniere's disease. It is concluded that the predominance of Th 1 or Th2 and Tc1 or Tc2 cells may contribute to the mechanism in the pathogenesis of these otolaryngological diseases

Factors Affecting Home Care of Elders Report 1. Support Expected by the Elderly and Family

For the rapid increase of the elders in population in Japan after the 2nd world war, the arrangement of medical care for aged persons, both therapeutic and preventive, has become the serious social problem. To estimate the possibility of care at home and needs of elders and their family for public and volunteer services, questionnaire survey was carried out at Konko town in Okayama prefecture, Japan, in August 1990. More than half of the 105 elders older than 65 years and living alone (group A, 9 males and 96 females) replied to want to be cared for at home and 178 families with elders (group B) wanted to care for them at home. As for services they would wish to be offered when they would become bedridden at home, while group A wished to be visited and cared for by 'physician', 'home helper' and 'neighbor' in order of high rate group B 'physician', 'public health nurse' and 'nurse'. As for facility or assistance services, the former wanted 'purchasing, sweeping and washing', food delivery' and 'calling on' and the latter 'care consultation', 'assist of body bath' and 'economic aid'. Other supports or cares were also hopefully expected by both groups. The results shows that well-arrangement and promotion of a variety of constitional and personal support for home cares for elders in the community must be urged