La réciprocité sur le marché du travail : les limites du laboratoire

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Opinion mining with the SentWordNet lexical resource

Sentiment classification concerns the application of automatic methods for predicting the orientation of sentiment present on text documents. It is an important subject in opinion mining research, with applications on a number of areas including recommender and advertising systems, customer intelligence and information retrieval. SentiWordNet is a lexical resource of sentiment information for terms in the English language designed to assist in opinion mining tasks, where each term is associated with numerical scores for positive and negative sentiment information. A resource that makes term level sentiment information readily available could be of use in building more effective sentiment classification methods. This research presents the results of an experiment that applied the SentiWordNet lexical resource to the problem of automatic sentiment classification of film reviews. First, a data set of relevant features extracted from text documents using SentiWordNet was designed and implemented. The resulting feature set is then used as input for training a support vector machine classifier for predicting the sentiment orientation of the underlying film review. Several scenarios exploring variations on the parameters that generate the data set, outlier removal and feature selection were executed. The results obtained are compared to other methods documented in the literature. It was found that they are in line with other experiments that propose similar approaches and use the same data set of film reviews, indicating SentiWordNet could become an important resource for the task of sentiment classification. Considerations on future improvements are also presented based on a detailed analysis of classification results

Having a voice in team decisions may not be a good idea for neurotic employees

They don't know how to use it, don't like it and may even consider it a threat, writes Marc Ohan

Le principali patologie nell’allevamento della vacca da latte: gestione sanitaria e influenza del management

Introduzione - Lo scopo è stato quello di verificare la prevalenza di patologie nell’allevamento in un anno di attività e di confrontarlo con la bibliografia corrente. Inoltre è stato valutato il tipo di patologia in relazione alla gestione di stalla. Materiali e metodi - sono stati annotati consistenza di animali in allevamento, programma alimentare, profilassi di massa, mortalità media e dati sanitari. Sui dati raccolti sono state calcolate le prevalenze di animali malati sul totale della popolazione in lattazione, le prevalenze delle diverse patologie. Risultati - La mortalità degli animali adulti è risultata di 4/casi segnalati. Non si eseguono profilassi/metafilassi ad eccezione di trattamento antibiotico intra-mammario pre-asciutta e pareggio funzionale. In questo periodo le mastiti sono state diagnosticate in 24/62 (animali (lattazione e asciutta), pari al 38,7% delle vacche in età produttiva. Le mastiti diagnosticate erano tutte cliniche ad andamento lieve o moderato. Dal punto di vista batteriologico, le mastiti erano causate da batteri ambientali (Streptococchi). Le patologie podali sono state diagnosticate in 10/62 animali, tutte dermatiti interdigitali o digitali. Discussione e conclusioni - Nell’anno di osservazione, il 38,7% delle vacche adulte presentava mastite. Questi risultati sono paragonabili a quanto riportato in bibliografia sulla prevalenza di mastite clinica ambientale di lieve o media entità. Tutte le mastiti erano di tipo ambientale. I punti critici erano: a) scarsa igiene della lettiera; b) procedure non corrette durante la mungitura; c) gestione asciutta. Le patologie podali sono state diagnosticate nel 16,1% dei soggetti adulti con un grado di zoppia lieve o moderato. La prevalenza è in linea rispetto a quanto riportato in bibliografia per queste lesioni, quindi che la scarsa igiene non sembra causare un aumento della presenza di tale patologia negli animali oggetto di studio, probabilmente per una buona gestione del piede (pareggio funzionale)

On well-rounded sublattices of the hexagonal lattice

We produce an explicit parameterization of well-rounded sublattices of the hexagonal lattice in the plane, splitting them into similarity classes. We use this parameterization to study the number, the greatest minimal norm, and the highest signal-to-noise ratio of well-rounded sublattices of the hexagonal lattice of a fixed index. This investigation parallels earlier work by Bernstein, Sloane, and Wright where similar questions were addressed on the space of all sublattices of the hexagonal lattice. Our restriction is motivated by the importance of well-rounded lattices for discrete optimization problems. Finally, we also discuss the existence of a natural combinatorial structure on the set of similarity classes of well-rounded sublattices of the hexagonal lattice, induced by the action of a certain matrix monoid.Comment: 21 pages (minor correction to the proof of Lemma 2.1); to appear in Discrete Mathematic

The Archaeology of the Courts' Domestic Violence Discourse: Discourse as a Knowledge-Sustaining System

In the last several years, the harm of coercive control has been increasingly acknowledged as a domestic violence harm by the England and Wales legal system. In this process of growing acknowledgement of the harm it inflicts in intimate relationships, coercive control is being inserted into existing discourses around domestic violence. The article examines the impact of a discourse on the understanding of a harm: how can the understanding of coercive control be impacted by the structure of the discourse into which it is inserted? The courts’ civil domestic violence discourse in England and Wales and its potential impact on the understanding of coercive control is examined as a case study. Using critical theory which links knowledge to social power as an analytical lens, the discourse is seen as not only founded upon a harm that is entirely detached from women’s experiences but also as a knowledge-sustaining system, operating on an everyday basis to protect and to further strengthen that alienated knowledge. Through its knowledge-sustaining operation, the discourse prevents a meaningful change in the legal understanding of domestic violence, a change that is required for coercive control to be integrated into the discourse in a way that will reflect its essence and severity

L’expérimentation en économie et en psychologie: une comparaison méthodologique.

L’objet de ce travail est de souligner les divergences qui ont amené les expérimentateurs en économie à se démarquer de la méthodologie expérimentale introduite par les psychologues. Après avoir rappelé en quoi consiste une expérience de laboratoire et quels sont les principes de l’expérimentation, l’article discute des différences les plus couramment admises entre expérimentation en économie et en psychologie (incitation financière et utilisation de la tromperie), avant d’introduire ce qui nous semble être la différence fondamentale : l’absence de contexte explicite dans les expériences d’économie.methodology, experimentation, psychology, financial incentives, deception, context, méthodologie, expérimentation, psychologie, incitation financière, tromperie, contextualisation

Search for NuMI muDAR Electron Neutrinos in MicroBooNE

Muon Decay-at-Rest (μDAR) produces electron-neutrinos (νe) in the 0 to 53 MeV energy range. The given range is especially interesting for its similarity to Supernovae-produced νe. The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) has as one of its main goals to measure Supernovae neutrinos on the occasion of a Galactic Supernova burst. To optimize the chances of detection, a low-energy neutrino-LAr cross-section (XS) measurement is a piece of important information to have at hand. MicroBooNE presents a good opportunity to explore the low-energy ν-LAr detection and XS using the μDAR neutrinos and therefore develop the tools necessary for DUNE to interpret the results of a supernova neutrino detection. MicroBooNE is a LArTPC that has been collecting neutrino data since October 2015 from the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB) and off-axis to the Neutrinos at the Main Injector (NuMI) beam, both copious sources of μDAR neutrinos. In this thesis, we present a first attempt to measure MeV-scale neutrinos in a LArTPC. To do that, we use specific MeV-scale reconstruction tools combined with other traditional reconstruction tools used in MicroBooNE. We discuss the tool’s performance, limitations, and provide suggestions on how to improve them. This analyzes looks for μDAR neutrino- argon charged current interactions in the NuMI Run1 data, that contains 2×1020 POT. We observed 9,176 signal candidates. The number of expected background events is 8,776, the majority from cosmic rays. We establish a XS upper limit of \u3c σ \u3e= 1.99 × 10−37cm2/Ar, which corresponds to 551.9 times the nominal prediction from MARLEY, the neutrino generator used in this work. Despite the lack of sensitivity, this work is the first of its kind and sets the foundation for future similar analysis in the future. In the conclusions, we discuss how this results can be further improved in MicroBooNE

A tangled web: interactions and structures in university-school collaborations

In this volume, I examine some of the structures and beliefs embedded in a university-school partnership. I try to untangle the complex web of interests, ideologies, and information that participants bring to the project. This dissertation includes three research papers. In the first paper, Integration of Theory with Practice: A Comparison of Two Science Methods Courses, I studied the work of students in two science methods courses. One class was a preservice cohort involved in an experimental program with significant levels of field experiences. Their work was compared to students in the regular program who have a modest field component. In this analysis, cohort students made many more references to field placements than students in the regular program. Cohort students also used peers as sources of information and authority. Students in the regular program used sources from university coursework to help them interpret field experiences. They rarely mentioned peers. These differences were interpreted in light of their meaning for efforts to improve teacher education. In the second paper, Preservice Cohorts and their Implications for Mathematics and Science Education, I surveyed the literature on cohorts in preservice teacher education. I described the structure of three preservice programs at different universities that have mathematics- or science-focused preservice cohorts. While some progress is apparent, there are many areas which were unaffected by the new structure. There are also effects that may be undesirable. Both the literature and site visits highlighted the need for program developers in teacher education to attend to both design and purpose. In the final paper, Interests, Ideology, Information, and Institutions in a University-School Partnership, I examined the programs from a broader perspective. I used a model of interests, ideology, information, and institution (the 4 I\u27s, ) to examine how university-school partnerships link two very complex institutions. I found that in order for the two institutions to work together, they must accommodate the interests, ideology, and information of the other. This accommodation allowed the two organizations to work together but prevents more fundamental change

INTERCANINE DISTANCE USED AS A MEASURE TO RULE OUT BITERS IN BITE MARK FORENSICS

The science of identification by bite mark analysis has recently been called into serious question. (Reesu and Brown 2016) Human dentition is truly variable, but often not unique. When animal bites are considered, a proper ID of the perpetrator is nearly impossible. Primary distortion (when the bite is made) and secondary distortion (during decomposition or healing) both further disrupt landmarks that might be used for identification. (Sheasby and MacDonald 2001) Using only ink marks and intercanine distance on live subjects, this study attempts to determine maximum distortion possible for a variety of bite mark locations on skin. (Pretty and Sweet 2010) Lower arm, lower leg, upper back where chosen because of the high instance of bites occurring here. (Dogsbite.org, 2016) Though bite location likelihood does vary with age of the victim, these were relatively consistently common locations across groups. (Karbeyaz & Aranci, 2013) Facial bites were very common, but the face does not present continuous skin and therefore likely not useful for data. It may be an option for future study. Caliper measurements of body fat will also be used, to check for variation of distortion due to malleability of the area in question. It is hoped that this research will produce a numerical value relating the bite mark on the victim to the intercanine distance of the suspect (either human or animal) that will allow a rule-in or rule-out assessment. Also, it is hoped that a hospital protocol can be developed so that bite mark victims are more likely to see justice and the perpetrators accurately identified