57 research outputs found

    Cross-Sector Review of Drivers and Available 3Rs Approaches for Acute Systemic Toxicity Testing

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    Acute systemic toxicity studies are carried out in many sectors in which synthetic chemicals are manufactured or used and are among the most criticized of all toxicology tests on both scientific and ethical grounds. A review of the drivers for acute toxicity testing within the pharmaceutical industry led to a paradigm shift whereby in vivo acute toxicity data are no longer routinely required in advance of human clinical trials. Based on this experience, the following review was undertaken to identify (1) regulatory and scientific drivers for acute toxicity testing in other industrial sectors, (2) activities aimed at replacing, reducing, or refining the use of animals, and (3) recommendations for future work in this area

    Science, the endless frontier; a report to the President on a program for postwar scientific research,

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    "July 1945, reprinted July 1960."On cover: Reissued as part of the tenth anniversary observance, National Science Foundation, 1950-1960.Commonly known as the Bush report.Includes index.Electronic access restricted; authentication may be required

    Science, the endless frontier. A report to the President

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    Commonly known as the Bush report.Appendices: Committees consulted.--Report of the Medical advisory committee.--Report of the Committee on science and the public welfare.--Report of the Committee on discovery and development of scientific talent.--Report of the Committee on publication of scientific information.On cover: Report to the President on a program for postwar scientific research.Mode of access: Internet

    Some problems in eddy diffusion /

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    Work performed at the Metallurgical Laboratory, University of Chicago."Date Declassified: September 24, 1951.""August 15, 1945.""AECD-3244."Mode of access: Internet
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